forked from extern/shorewall_code
704 lines
28 KiB
XML
704 lines
28 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd">
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<refentry>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>shorewall-interfaces</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>interfaces</refname>
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<refpurpose>Shorewall interfaces file</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</command>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>The interfaces file serves to define the firewall's network
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interfaces to Shorewall. The order of entries in this file is not
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significant in determining zone composition.</para>
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<para>The columns in the file are as follows.</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">ZONE</emphasis> -
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<emphasis>zone-name</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Zone for this interface. Must match the name of a zone
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declared in /etc/shorewall/zones. You may not list the firewall zone
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in this column.</para>
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<para>If the interface serves multiple zones that will be defined in
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the <ulink url="shorewall-hosts.html">shorewall-hosts</ulink>(5)
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file, you should place "-" in this column.</para>
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<para>If there are multiple interfaces to the same zone, you must
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list them in separate entries.</para>
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<para>Example:</para>
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<blockquote>
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<programlisting>#ZONE INTERFACE BROADCAST
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loc eth1 -
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loc eth2 -</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">INTERFACE</emphasis> -
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<emphasis>interface</emphasis><emphasis
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role="bold">[:</emphasis><emphasis>port</emphasis><emphasis
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role="bold">]</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Logical name of interface. Each interface may be listed only
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once in this file. You may NOT specify the name of a "virtual"
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interface (e.g., eth0:0) here; see <ulink
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url="http://www.shorewall.net/FAQ.htm#faq18">http://www.shorewall.net/FAQ.htm#faq18</ulink>.
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If the <option>physical</option> option is not specified, then the
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logical name is also the name of the actual interface.</para>
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<para>You may use wildcards here by specifying a prefix followed by
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the plus sign ("+"). For example, if you want to make an entry that
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applies to all PPP interfaces, use 'ppp+'; that would match ppp0,
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ppp1, ppp2, …</para>
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<para>When using Shorewall versions before 4.1.4, care must be
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exercised when using wildcards where there is another zone that uses
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a matching specific interface. See <ulink
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url="shorewall-nesting.html">shorewall-nesting</ulink>(5) for a
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discussion of this problem.</para>
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<para>Shorewall allows '+' as an interface name.</para>
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<para>There is no need to define the loopback interface (lo) in this
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file.</para>
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<para>If a <replaceable>port</replaceable> is given, then the
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<replaceable>interface</replaceable> must have been defined
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previously with the <option>bridge</option> option. The OPTIONS
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column may not contain the following options when a
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<replaceable>port</replaceable> is given.</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member>arp_filter</member>
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<member>arp_ignore</member>
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<member>bridge</member>
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<member>log_martians</member>
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<member>mss</member>
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<member>optional</member>
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<member>proxyarp</member>
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<member>required</member>
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<member>routefilter</member>
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<member>sourceroute</member>
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<member>upnp</member>
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<member>wait</member>
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</simplelist>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">BROADCAST</emphasis> (Optional) -
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{<emphasis role="bold">-</emphasis>|<emphasis
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role="bold">detect</emphasis>|<emphasis>address</emphasis>[,<emphasis>address</emphasis>]...}</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If you use the special value <emphasis
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role="bold">detect</emphasis>, Shorewall will detect the broadcast
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address(es) for you if your iptables and kernel include Address Type
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Match support.</para>
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<para>If your iptables and/or kernel lack Address Type Match support
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then you may list the broadcast address(es) for the network(s) to
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which the interface belongs. For P-T-P interfaces, this column is
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left blank. If the interface has multiple addresses on multiple
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subnets then list the broadcast addresses as a comma-separated
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list.</para>
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<para>If you don't want to give a value for this column but you want
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to enter a value in the OPTIONS column, enter <emphasis
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role="bold">-</emphasis> in this column.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">OPTIONS</emphasis> (Optional) -
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[<emphasis>option</emphasis>[<emphasis
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role="bold">,</emphasis><emphasis>option</emphasis>]...]</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A comma-separated list of options from the following list. The
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order in which you list the options is not significant but the list
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should have no embedded white space.</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">arp_filter[={0|1}]</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If specified, this interface will only respond to ARP
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who-has requests for IP addresses configured on the interface.
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If not specified, the interface can respond to ARP who-has
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requests for IP addresses on any of the firewall's interface.
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The interface must be up when Shorewall is started.</para>
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<para>Only those interfaces with the
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<option>arp_filter</option> option will have their setting
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changed; the value assigned to the setting will be the value
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specified (if any) or 1 if no value is given.</para>
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<para></para>
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<note>
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<para>This option does not work with a wild-card
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<replaceable>interface</replaceable> name (e.g., eth0.+) in
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the INTERFACE column.</para>
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</note>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis
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role="bold">arp_ignore</emphasis>[=<emphasis>number</emphasis>]</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If specified, this interface will respond to arp
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requests based on the value of <emphasis>number</emphasis>
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(defaults to 1).</para>
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<para>1 - reply only if the target IP address is local address
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configured on the incoming interface</para>
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<para>2 - reply only if the target IP address is local address
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configured on the incoming interface and the sender's IP
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address is part from same subnet on this interface's
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address</para>
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<para>3 - do not reply for local addresses configured with
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scope host, only resolutions for global and link</para>
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<para>4-7 - reserved</para>
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<para>8 - do not reply for all local addresses</para>
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<para></para>
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<note>
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<para>This option does not work with a wild-card
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<replaceable>interface</replaceable> name (e.g., eth0.+) in
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the INTERFACE column.</para>
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</note>
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<para></para>
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<warning>
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<para>Do not specify <emphasis
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role="bold">arp_ignore</emphasis> for any interface involved
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in <ulink url="../ProxyARP.htm">Proxy ARP</ulink>.</para>
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</warning>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">blacklist</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Check packets arriving on this interface against the
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<ulink
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url="shorewall-blacklist.html">shorewall-blacklist</ulink>(5)
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file.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">bridge</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Designates the interface as a bridge. Beginning with
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Shorewall 4.4.7, setting this option also sets
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<option>routeback</option>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">dhcp</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Specify this option when any of the following are
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true:</para>
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<orderedlist spacing="compact">
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<listitem>
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<para>the interface gets its IP address via DHCP</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>the interface is used by a DHCP server running on
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the firewall</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>the interface has a static IP but is on a LAN
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segment with lots of DHCP clients.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>the interface is a <ulink
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url="../SimpleBridge.html">simple bridge</ulink> with a
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DHCP server on one port and DHCP clients on another
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port.</para>
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<note>
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<para>If you use <ulink
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url="../bridge-Shorewall-perl.html">Shorewall-perl for
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firewall/bridging</ulink>, then you need to include
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DHCP-specific rules in <ulink
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url="shorewall-rules.html">shorewall-rules</ulink>(8).
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DHCP uses UDP ports 67 and 68.</para>
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</note>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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<para>This option allows DHCP datagrams to enter and leave the
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interface.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis
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role="bold">logmartians[={0|1}]</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Turn on kernel martian logging (logging of packets with
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impossible source addresses. It is strongly suggested that if
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you set <emphasis role="bold">routefilter</emphasis> on an
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interface that you also set <emphasis
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role="bold">logmartians</emphasis>. Even if you do not specify
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the <option>routefilter</option> option, it is a good idea to
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specify <option>logmartians</option> because your distribution
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may have enabled route filtering without you knowing
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it.</para>
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<para>Only those interfaces with the
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<option>logmartians</option> option will have their setting
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changed; the value assigned to the setting will be the value
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specified (if any) or 1 if no value is given.</para>
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<para>To find out if route filtering is set on a given
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<replaceable>interface</replaceable>, check the contents of
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<filename>/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/<replaceable>interface</replaceable>/rp_filter</filename>
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- a non-zero value indicates that route filtering is
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enabled.</para>
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<para>Example:</para>
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<programlisting> teastep@lists:~$ <command>cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/eth0/rp_filter </command>
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1
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teastep@lists:~$ </programlisting>
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<para></para>
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<note>
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<para>This option does not work with a wild-card
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<replaceable>interface</replaceable> name (e.g., eth0.+) in
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the INTERFACE column.</para>
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</note>
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<blockquote>
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<para>This option may also be enabled globally in the <ulink
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url="shorewall.conf.html">shorewall.conf</ulink>(5)
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file.</para>
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</blockquote>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">maclist</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Connection requests from this interface are compared
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against the contents of <ulink
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url="shorewall-maclist.html">shorewall-maclist</ulink>(5). If
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this option is specified, the interface must be an ethernet
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NIC and must be up before Shorewall is started.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis
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role="bold">mss</emphasis>=<emphasis>number</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Added in Shorewall 4.0.3. Causes forwarded TCP SYN
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packets entering or leaving on this interface to have their
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MSS field set to the specified
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<replaceable>number</replaceable>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis
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role="bold">nets=(<emphasis>net</emphasis>[,...])</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Limit the zone named in the ZONE column to only the
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listed networks. The parentheses may be omitted if only a
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single <replaceable>net</replaceable> is given (e.g.,
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nets=192.168.1.0/24). Limited broadcast to the zone is
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supported. Beginning with Shorewall 4.4.1, multicast traffic
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to the zone is also supported.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">nets=dynamic</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Defines the zone as <firstterm>dynamic</firstterm>.
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Requires ipset match support in your iptables and kernel. See
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<ulink
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url="http://www.shorewall.net/Dynamic.html">http://www.shorewall.net/Dynamic.html</ulink>
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for further information.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>nosmurfs</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Filter packets for smurfs (packets with a broadcast
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address as the source).</para>
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<para>Smurfs will be optionally logged based on the setting of
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SMURF_LOG_LEVEL in <ulink
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url="shorewall.conf.html">shorewall.conf</ulink>(5). After
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logging, the packets are dropped.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">optional</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>When <option>optional</option> is specified for an
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interface, Shorewall will be silent when:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>a <filename
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class="directory">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/</filename>
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entry for the interface cannot be modified (including for
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proxy ARP).</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The first address of the interface cannot be
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obtained.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>May not be specified with <emphasis
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role="bold">required</emphasis>.</para>
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<caution>
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<para>Use <option>optional</option> at your own risk. If you
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[re]start Shorewall when an 'optional' interface is not
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available and then do a <command>shorewall save</command>,
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subsequent <command>shorewall restore</command> and
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<command>shorewall -f start</command> operations will
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instantiate a ruleset that does not support that interface,
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even if it is available at the time of the
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restore/start.</para>
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</caution>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">physical</emphasis>=<emphasis
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role="bold"><emphasis>name</emphasis></emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Added in Shorewall 4.4.4. When specified, the interface
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or port name in the INTERFACE column is a logical name that
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refers to the name given in this option. It is useful when you
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want to specify the same wildcard port name on two or more
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bridges. See <ulink
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url="http://www.shorewall.net/bridge-Shorewall-perl.html#Multiple">http://www.shorewall.net/bridge-Shorewall-perl.html#Multiple</ulink>.</para>
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<para>If the <emphasis>interface</emphasis> name is a wildcard
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name (ends with '+'), then the physical
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<emphasis>name</emphasis> must also end in '+'.</para>
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<para>If <option>physical</option> is not specified, then it's
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value defaults to the <emphasis>interface</emphasis>
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name.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">proxyarp[={0|1}]</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Sets
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/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/<emphasis>interface</emphasis>/proxy_arp.
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Do NOT use this option if you are employing Proxy ARP through
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entries in <ulink
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url="shorewall-proxyarp.html">shorewall-proxyarp</ulink>(5).
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This option is intended solely for use with Proxy ARP
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sub-networking as described at: <ulink
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url="http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Proxy-ARP-Subnet/index.html">http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Proxy-ARP-Subnet/index.html.
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</ulink></para>
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<para><emphasis role="bold">Note</emphasis>: This option does
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not work with a wild-card <replaceable>interface</replaceable>
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name (e.g., eth0.+) in the INTERFACE column.</para>
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<para>Only those interfaces with the <option>proxyarp</option>
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option will have their setting changed; the value assigned to
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the setting will be the value specified (if any) or 1 if no
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value is given.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">required</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Added in Shorewall 4.4.10. If this option is set, the
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firewall will fail to start if the interface is not usable.
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May not be specified together with <emphasis
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role="bold">optional</emphasis>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">routeback</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If specified, indicates that Shorewall should include
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rules that allow traffic arriving on this interface to be
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routed back out that same interface. This option is also
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required when you have used a wildcard in the INTERFACE column
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if you want to allow traffic between the interfaces that match
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the wildcard.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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|
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<varlistentry>
|
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<term><emphasis
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role="bold">routefilter[={0|1|2}]</emphasis></term>
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|
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<listitem>
|
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<para>Turn on kernel route filtering for this interface
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(anti-spoofing measure).</para>
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|
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<para>Only those interfaces with the
|
|
<option>routefilter</option> option will have their setting
|
|
changes; the value assigned to the setting will be the value
|
|
specified (if any) or 1 if no value is given.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The value 2 is only available with Shorewall 4.4.5.1 and
|
|
later when the kernel version is 2.6.31 or later. It specifies
|
|
a <firstterm>loose</firstterm> form of reverse path
|
|
filtering.</para>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>This option does not work with a wild-card
|
|
<replaceable>interface</replaceable> name (e.g., eth0.+) in
|
|
the INTERFACE column.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
<para>This option can also be enabled globally in the <ulink
|
|
url="shorewall.conf.html">shorewall.conf</ulink>(5)
|
|
file.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis
|
|
role="bold">sourceroute[={0|1}]</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If this option is not specified for an interface, then
|
|
source-routed packets will not be accepted from that interface
|
|
(sets
|
|
/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/<emphasis>interface</emphasis>/accept_source_route
|
|
to 1). Only set this option if you know what you are doing.
|
|
This might represent a security risk and is usually
|
|
unneeded.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Only those interfaces with the
|
|
<option>sourceroute</option> option will have their setting
|
|
changed; the value assigned to the setting will be the value
|
|
specified (if any) or 1 if no value is given.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para></para>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>This option does not work with a wild-card
|
|
<replaceable>interface</replaceable> name (e.g., eth0.+) in
|
|
the INTERFACE column.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">tcpflags</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Packets arriving on this interface are checked for
|
|
certain illegal combinations of TCP flags. Packets found to
|
|
have such a combination of flags are handled according to the
|
|
setting of TCP_FLAGS_DISPOSITION after having been logged
|
|
according to the setting of TCP_FLAGS_LOG_LEVEL.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">upnp</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Incoming requests from this interface may be remapped
|
|
via UPNP (upnpd). See <ulink
|
|
url="../UPnP.html">http://www.shorewall.net/UPnP.html</ulink>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">upnpclient</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>This option is intended for laptop users who always run
|
|
Shorewall on their system yet need to run UPnP-enabled client
|
|
apps such as Transmission (BitTorrent client). The option
|
|
causes Shorewall to detect the default gateway through the
|
|
interface and to accept UDP packets from that gateway. Note
|
|
that, like all aspects of UPnP, this is a security hole so use
|
|
this option at your own risk.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis
|
|
role="bold">wait</emphasis>=<emphasis>seconds</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Added in Shorewall 4.4.10. Causes the generated script
|
|
to wait up to <emphasis>seconds</emphasis> seconds for the
|
|
interface to become usable before applying the <emphasis
|
|
role="bold">required</emphasis> or <emphasis
|
|
role="bold">optional</emphasis> options.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Example</title>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>Example 1:</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Suppose you have eth0 connected to a DSL modem and eth1
|
|
connected to your local network and that your local subnet is
|
|
192.168.1.0/24. The interface gets its IP address via DHCP from
|
|
subnet 206.191.149.192/27. You have a DMZ with subnet 192.168.2.0/24
|
|
using eth2.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Your entries for this setup would look like:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ZONE INTERFACE BROADCAST OPTIONS
|
|
net eth0 206.191.149.223 dhcp
|
|
loc eth1 192.168.1.255
|
|
dmz eth2 192.168.2.255</programlisting>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>Example 2:</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The same configuration without specifying broadcast addresses
|
|
is:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ZONE INTERFACE BROADCAST OPTIONS
|
|
net eth0 detect dhcp
|
|
loc eth1 detect
|
|
dmz eth2 detect</programlisting>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>Example 3:</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>You have a simple dial-in system with no ethernet
|
|
connections.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ZONE INTERFACE BROADCAST OPTIONS
|
|
net ppp0 -</programlisting>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>Example 4 (Shorewall 4.4.9 and later):</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>You have a bridge with no IP address and you want to allow
|
|
traffic through the bridge.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ZONE INTERFACE BROADCAST OPTIONS
|
|
- br0 - routeback</programlisting>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>FILES</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See ALSO</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>shorewall(8), shorewall-accounting(5), shorewall-actions(5),
|
|
shorewall-blacklist(5), shorewall-hosts(5), shorewall-ipsec(5),
|
|
shorewall-maclist(5), shorewall-masq(5), shorewall-nat(5),
|
|
shorewall-netmap(5), shorewall-params(5), shorewall-policy(5),
|
|
shorewall-providers(5), shorewall-proxyarp(5), shorewall-route_rules(5),
|
|
shorewall-routestopped(5), shorewall-rules(5), shorewall.conf(5),
|
|
shorewall-tcclasses(5), shorewall-tcdevices(5), shorewall-tcrules(5),
|
|
shorewall-tos(5), shorewall-tunnels(5), shorewall-zones(5)</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
</refentry>
|