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446 lines
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446 lines
18 KiB
Plaintext
ABBR,MEANING
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21CSLC,21st Century Space Launch Complex
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4LGSF,Four-Laser Guide Star Facility
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4MOST,4-metre Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope (Proposed new spectroscopic instrument for VISTA)
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4T,Four Telescope (VLTI mode)
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A&A,"Journal, Astronomy & Astrophysics"
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A&ARv,"Journal, Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics"
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AAA,Amateur Astronomers Association of New York
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ACD,Amplitude Calibration Device (ALMA)
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ACM,"Asteroids, Comets, and Meteors"
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ACe,Astaldi Cimolai EIE (Consortium)
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ADA,ALMA Department of Administration
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ADO,ALMA Director’s Office
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ADS,International Italian optics company working on the DSM for the VLT
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AEM,ALMA construction consortium
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AFNOR,"Association Française de Normalisation"
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AFTA,Astrophysics Focused Telescope Assets
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AGN,Active Galactic Nucleus
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AIDA,Astronomical Infrastructure for Data Access
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AIP,Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam
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AIT,"Assembly, Integration and Test"
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AIV,"Assembly, Integration and Verification"
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AJ,The Astronomical Journal
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ALMA,Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array
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AMBER,"Astronomical Multi-BEam combineR (VLTI Instrument)"
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AN,"Journal, Astronomische Nachrichten"
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Antu,VLT Unit Telescope 1
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AO,Adaptive Optics
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AOF,Adaptive Optics Facility
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AOS,"Array Operations Site (ALMA)"
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APE,Active Phasing Experiment
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APEX,Atacama Pathfinder Experiment
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ApJ,Astrophysical Journal
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ApJS,"Journal, Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series"
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AQUARIUS,"Mid-infrared detector array (VISIR)"
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ARAL,Alignment facility for the VLTI
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ARC,"ALMA Regional Centre, or Ames Research Center"
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ArTeMiS,Bolometric camera for APEX
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ASAC,ALMA Science Advisory Committee
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ASIAA,"East Asia FEIC (ALMA)"
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ASIC,Application Specific Integrated Circuit
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ASSIST,Adaptive Secondary Setup and Instrument Simulator (AOF test bench)
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AstraLux,"Lucky Imaging camera for the Calar Alto 2.2-metre telescope"
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AT,Auxiliary Telescope for the VLTI
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ATC,"Astronomy Technology Centre (United Kingdom)"
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ATILO,Administrative Tribunal of the International Labour Organisation
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AU,"Astronomical Unit, the distance between the Earth and the Sun"
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AUI,Associated Universities Inc.
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AVM,Astronomical Visualisation Metadata
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AXP,"Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar"
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BAM,Construction company for the Headquarters extension
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BE,Back-End (ALMA)
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BELLA,Building Europe Link to Latin America
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BFL,Budget and Forward Look
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BH,Black hole
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BLAST,Balloon-borne Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope
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BlackGEM,(La Silla) Telescope array searching for optical counterparts of gravitational wave sources
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BLIP,Background photon noise limited
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C2PAP,"Computational Center for Particle and Astrophysics, Universe Cluster, Garching"
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CADC,Canadian Astronomy Data Centre
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CAPj,Communicating Astronomy with the Public Journal
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CARLA,Clusters Around Radio-Loud AGN (Spitzer)
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CASA,Common Astronomy Software Applications (ALMA)
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CBR,cosmic background radiation
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CDR,Critical Design Review
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CDS,"Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg (Strasbourg astronomical Data Center)"
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CEA,"Commissariat à L’Energie Atomique, France"
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CELAC_EU,"Summit of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States–European Union"
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CES,Coude Echelle Spectrometer
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CGM,Circumgalactic medium
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CHAMP+,Dual channel heterodyne receiver array (APEX)
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CLIF,Convolution with Linearized Inverse Filter algorithm for wavefront sensing
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CM,center of mass
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CMB,Cosmic Microwave Background
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CMBR,Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
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CME,Coronal Mass Ejection (usually Sun)
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CNAM,Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers
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CNRS,Centre national de la recherche scientifique
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CO,Carbon monoxide
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CO,Carried Over budget
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COFUND,EU fellowship funding programme
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CONDOR,"1.5 THz heterodyne receiver (APEX)"
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CONICA,COudé Near-Infrared CAmera (VLT)
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CORALIE,Echelle Spectrograph on the 1.2-metre Leonard Euler Swiss telescope
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CoRoT,COnvection ROtation and planetary Transits (French Satellite)
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COSMOS,HST survey programme
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Cou-,Council Document
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CP,Calibration Programme
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CPI,Consumer Price Index
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CRIRES+,Planned upgrade to CRIRES
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CRIRES,Cryogenic InfraRed Echelle Spectrometer (VLT)
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CSV,Commissioning and Science Verification
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CTA,Cherenkov Telescope Array
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CTA-S,Cherenkov Telescope Array South
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CTAO,Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory
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CUBES,Cassegrain U-band Brazilian ESO Spectrograph
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CuRe,Fast wavefront reconstruction algorithms for XAO with pyramid WFS
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CuReD,Fast wavefront reconstruction algorithms for XAO with pyramid WFS with pre-processing
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DC,Direct Current
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DDS,Data DistributIOn middleware for SPARTA
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DDT,Director’s Discretionary Time
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DFG,Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
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DFS,(VLT) Data Flow System
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DG,Director General
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DIG,Deep Imaging Group (Vitacura)
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DL,Delay Line (VLTI)
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DMO,Data Management and Operations Division
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DMS,Dome and Main Structure
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DRS,"DRS, formerly Boeing, detector manufacturer"
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DSC,Directorate for Science
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DSM,Deformable Secondary Mirror
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DSO,Department of Science Operations (ALMA)
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eAPD,electron Avalanche Photodiode Detector
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EASC,European ALMA Support Centre
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EC,European Commission
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ECRI,European Conference on Research Infrastructures
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EFOSC2,ESO Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera (v.2)
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EIB,European Investment Bank
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EIROforum,Organisation consisting of the seven largest scientific European international organisations devoted to fostering mutual activities
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ELT,Extremely Large Telescope
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EM&P,"Journal, Earth, Moon, and Planets"
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EMAC,ELT Management Advisory Committee
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EMBL,European Molecular Biology Laboratory (Germany)
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EMMI,ESO Multi-Mode Instrument (NTT)
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ePOD,education and Public Outreach Department
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ERC,European Research Council
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ERIS,Enhanced Resolution Imager and Spectrograph
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ERP,Enterprise Resource Planning (Administration software)
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ESAC,European Science Advisory Committee (for ALMA)
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ESAC,"European Space Astronomy Centre (ESA, Spain)"
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ESC,ELT Subcommittee
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ESE,ELT Science and Engineering
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ESM,European School Munich
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ESO,European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere
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ESOF,Euroscience Open Forum
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ESON,ESO Science Outreach Network
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ESPRESSO,Echelle SPectrograph for Rocky Exoplanet- and Stable Spectroscopic Observations
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ESRC,ELT Standing Review Committee
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ETF,ELT Technical Facility
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EVALSO,Enabling Virtual Access to Latin-american Southern Observatories
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EWASS,European Week of Astronomy and Space Science
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ExA,"Journal, Experimental Astronomy"
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ExTrA,"(La Silla) Exoplanets in Transit and their Atmospheres"
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FC,Finance Committee
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FDR,Final Design Review
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FE IPT,"Front-End Integrated Project Team (ALMA)"
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FE,Front End
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FEA,Finite Element Analysis
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FEED,Front-End Engineering Design (ELT)
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FEIC,Front End Integration Centre (ALMA)
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FEROS,"Fibre-fed, Extended Range, Échelle Spectrograph (MPG/ESO 2.2-metre)"
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FIAT,"Facility (for) Infrared Arrays Testing"
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FITS,Flexible Image Transport System
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FLAMES,Fibre Large Array Multi Element Spectrograph (VLT)
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FORS1,FOcal Reducer/low dispersion Spectrograph (VLT)-1
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FORS2,FOcal Reducer/low dispersion Spectrograph (VLT)-2
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FOS,Faint Object Spectrograph (HST)
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FP,Fabry-Perot
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FP6,Sixth EC Framework Programme
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FP7,Seventh EC Framework Programme
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FWHM,Full Width at Half Maximum
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GALACSI,"Ground Atmospheric Layer Adaptive Optics for Spectroscopic Imaging (AOF)"
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GIRAFFE,Fibre-fed multi-object spectrograph and part of the VLT FLAMES facility
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GLAO,Ground Layer Adaptive Optics
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gNLT,Garching Night Log Tool
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GRAAL,GRound-layer Adaptive optics Assisted by Lasers (AOF)
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GRAVITY,"AO assisted, two-object, multiple-beam-combiner (VLTI)"
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GROND,"Gamma-Ray Burst Optical/Near-Infrared Detector (MPG/ESO 2.2-metre)"
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GTC,Gran Telescopio Canarias
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GTO,Guaranteed Time for Observation
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GWh,Gigawatt hours
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GÉANT,European multi-gigabit computer network for research and education purposes
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H-LTAO,HARMONI Laser Tomography Adaptive Optics
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H2020,(EU) Horizon 2020 Programme
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HARMONI,Proposed first light integral field spectrograph for the ELT
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HARPS,High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planetary Searcher (3.6-metre)
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HAWK-I,High Acuity Wide field K-band Imager
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HCI,Human Computer Interface
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HIA,Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics (Canada)
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HIRES,(ELT) HIgh REsolution Spectrograph
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HODM,High Order Deformable Mirror
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HST,Hubble Space Telescope
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HVAC,"Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning"
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IAG,"Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences (Brazil)"
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IAU,International Astronomical Union
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Icar,"Icarus, Planetary science journal, Planetary science journal"
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IFS,"Integral Field Spectrograph (SPHERE, ELT)"
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IFU,Integral Field Unit
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INAF,Italian National Institute for Astrophysics
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INRIA,Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique
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IPAG,Institut de Planetologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble
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IPC,"(Chilean) Índice de Precios al Consumidor"
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IPP,Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (Germany)
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IPSAS,International Public Sector Accounting Standards
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IPT,Integrated Product Team (ALMA)
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IR,Infrared
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IRAM,Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique
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IRDIS,"InfraRed Dual-beam Imager and Spectrograph (SPHERE, ELT)"
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IRIS,VLTI Infrared Image Sensor
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IRLOS,InfraRed Low Order Sensor
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IRO,International Relations Office
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ISAAC,Infrared Spectrometer And Array Camera (VLT)
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ISERD,Israeli inter-ministerial agency for R&D cooperation with Europe
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ISM,International Staff Member
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ISS,International Space Station
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IT,Information Technology
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ITAR,International Traffic in Arms Regulations
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ITER,International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor
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IVOA,International Virtual Observatory Alliance
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IVSLA,Istituto Veneto di Scienze ed Arti
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IYA2009,International Year of Astronomy 2009
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JAO,Joint ALMA Observatory
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JENAM,Joint European and National Astronomy Meeting
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JUICE,JUpiter ICy moons Explorer
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JWST,James Webb Space Telescope
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k,"kilo/1,000"
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KIDS,(VST) Kilo-Degree Survey
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KMOS,K-band Multi-Object Spectrograph (VLT)
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KTS,Klaus Tschira Stiftung
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Kueyan,VLT Unit Telescope 2
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LABOCA,Large APEX Bolometer CAmera
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LAOG,"Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de l'Observatoire de Grenoble"
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LCS,Local Control System
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LEO,Low Earth Orbit
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LFC,Laser Frequency Comb
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LGS,Laser Guide Star
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LGSF,Laser Guide Star Facility
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LMC,Large Magellanic Cloud
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LMU,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
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LN2,Liquid nitrogen
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LOFAR,Low Frequency Array
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LOPS,Local Optical Phasing Sensor
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LP,Large Programme
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LPG,Liquefied Petroleum Gas
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LPO,"La Silla Paranal Observatory"
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LSM,Local Staff Members
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LSP,"La Silla Paranal Subcommittee"
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LTAO,Laser Tomography Adaptive Optics
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LVSM,Large Visible Sensor Module
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M#,"Mirror #"
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M,"million/1,000,000"
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MACAO,Multiple Application Curvature Adaptive Optic
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MACCON,Motion controller manufacturer
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MAD,Multi-conjugate Adaptive optics Demonstrator
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MAORY,(ELT) Multi-conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY
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mas,milliarcseconds
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MASCOT,Mini All-Sky Cloud Observation Tool (Paranal)
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MATISSE,Multi AperTure mid-Infrared SpectroScopic Experiment (VLTI)
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MCAO,Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics
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Melipal,VLT Unit Telescope 3
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MELT,Minuscule ELT
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MENLO systems,Optical equipment manufacturer
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MERAC,Mobilising European Research in Astrophysics and Cosmology
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MERIL,Mapping the European Research Infrastructure Landscape
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METIS,Mid-infrared ELT Imager and Spectrograph
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MICADO,Adaptive optics imaging camera (ELT)
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MIDI,Mid-infrared Interferometric Instrument (VLTI)
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MIM,"Museo Interactivo Mirador, Santiago"
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mmVLBI,Millimeter Very Long Baseline Interferometry
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Mn,"Mirror #n"
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MNRAS,"Journal, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society"
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MOAO,Multiple-Object Adaptive Optics
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MOONS,Multi Object Optical and Near-infrared Spectrograph (VLT third generation)
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MOS,(ELT) Multi-Object Spectroscopy
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MOSAIC,"(ELT) Multi-Object Spectrograph (Multi-Object Spectrograph for Astrophysics, Intergalactic medium studies and Cosmology)"
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MOSFIRE,Near-infrared multi-object spectrograph (Keck)
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MPA,Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics
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MPE,Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
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MPG,Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
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MPIA,Max Planck Institute for Astronomy
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MPIfR,Max-Planck Institute for Radioastronomy (Germany)
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MS,Member State(s)
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MTM,"MT Mechatronics (European company of high technology, engineering and maintenance services)"
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MUSE,Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (VLT)
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NACO,NAOS-CONICA (VLT)
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NAOJ,National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
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NAOMI,Adaptive optics system for the ATs (VLTI)
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NAOS,Nasmyth Adaptive Optics System (VLT)
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NASA,National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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NAV,Navision
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NDF,Non-Deliverable Forward Agreement
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NEAR,New Earths in the Alpha Cen Region experiment
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NEO,Near-Earth Object
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NewA,"Journal, New Astronomy"
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NewAR,"Journal, New Astronomy Reviews"
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NFM,Narrow Field Mode
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NGC,New General Catalogue
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NGC,New General detector Controller
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NGSD,"Proposed large natural/laser guide star WFS detector (ELT)"
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NGTS,Next Generation Transit Survey
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NINS,National Institutes of Natural Sciences
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NIRPS,(NNT) Near Infra Red Planet Searcher
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NOVA,The Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (Nederlandse Onderzoekschool voor Astronomie)
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NRAO,National Radio Astronomy Observatory
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NSF,National Science Foundation
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NTT,New Technology Telescope
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NUVA,Network for UltraViolet Astrophysics
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OAA,Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
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OBAMA,Optical Bidule for Aberration Measurement on the ATs
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OCA-NICE,Cote d’Azur Observatory (Observatoire de la Cote d’Azur)
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ODG,Office of the Director General
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OECD,Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
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OmegaCAM,Optical Camera for the VST
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OPC,Observing Programmes Committee
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OPO,Observing Programmes Office
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OPTICON,Optical Infrared Coordination Network for Astronomy
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OSF,ALMA Operations Support Facilities
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OSO,Onsala Space Observatory
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OT,Observing Tool
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OTS,Operations Technical Support
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P&SS,"Journal, Planetary and Space Science"
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P2PP,Peer to Peer Protocol
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P86,Observing Period 86
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P87,Observing Period 87
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PA,Product Assurance
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PAC,Provisional Acceptance Chile
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PACMAN,Fringe tracker for PRIMA (VLTI)
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PAE,Provisional Acceptance Europe
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PARLA,"PAranal Raman Laser, replacement for PARSEC (VLTI)"
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PARSEC,Sodium line laser for VLT AO
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PASJ,"Journal, Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan"
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PASP,"Journal, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific"
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PDR,Preliminary Design Review
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PESSTO,Public ESO Spectroscopic Survey of Transient Objects
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PFS,(ELT) Pre-Focal Station
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PFS-A,"(ELT) Pre-Focal Station for Nasmyth A"
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PhD,Doctor of Philosophy
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PI,Principal Investigator
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PIO,Public Information Officer
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PIONIER,VLTI visitor instrument
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PIP,Paranal Instrumentation Programme
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PLC,Programmable Logic Controllers (ELT)
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PMD,Project Management Department
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PMPD,Performance Management and Professional Development
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PRIMA,Phase-Referenced Imaging and Micro-arcsecond Astrometry facility (VLTI)
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PSF,Point Spread Function
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PTP,Precision Time Protocol
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Q,Quarter
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QSO,"Quasi Stellar Object, quasar"
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QUEST,QUasar Equatorial Survey Team
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R&D,Research and Development
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RAB,Reflector Assembly Building
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RAL,"Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot (UK)"
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RCL,Radioastronomy Chajnantor Limitada
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RedCLARA,Latin American Advanced Networks Cooperation (Academic data network in Latin America)
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REM,Rapid Eye Mount Telescope (La Silla)
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REUNA,Red Universitaria Nacional (Academic data network in Chile)
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RM,Rossiter-McClaughlin (effect)
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RMN,Reflective Memory Network (VLTI)
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rms,Root Mean Square
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SABOCA,Shortwave Apex BOlometer Camera
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SAC,EURO-VO Science Advisory Committee
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SAF,Science Archive Facility
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SAFRAN-REOSC,High performance optics company
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SAPHIRA,Detector for the GRAVITY wavefront sensor
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SAXO,SPHERE’S AO system (VLT)
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SCAO,Single-conjugate adaptive optics
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SCO,Santiago Central Office (ALMA/ESO Vitacura)
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SDD,Software Development Division
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SDSS,Sloan Digital Sky Survey
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SEPIA,Swedish ESO PI receiver for APEX
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SHFI,Swedish Heterodyne Facility Instrument
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SiC,(ELT) SiliconCarbide-mirrorsubstrate
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SINFONI,Spectrograph for INtegral Field Observations in the Near Infrared (VLT)
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SKA,Square Kilometer Array
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SM,Service Mode (observing)
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SM4,Servicing Mission 4 (HST)
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SMBH,Supermassive black hole
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SOFI,SOn oF Isaac (NTT)
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SOPHIE,Spectrographe pour l’Observation des Phénomènes des Intérieurs stellaires et des Exoplanètes
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SOXS,(NTT) Son Of X-Shooter
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SPARTA,Real-time computer for the AOF
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SPC,Scientific Personnel Committee
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SPECULOOS,(Paranal) Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars
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SPHERE,Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet Research instrument (VLT)
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SPIFFI,SPectrometer for Infrared Faint Field Imaging
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SPT,South Pole Telescope
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SSDF,Science Support Discretionary Fund
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SSED,Software System Engineering Department
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SSWG,Science Strategy Working Group
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ST-ECF,Space Telescope European Coordination Facility
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STC,Scientific Technical Committee
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STFC,Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK)
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STRAP,Tip-tilt sensors (VLTI)
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STScI,Space Telescope Science Institute (USA)
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sub-mm,submillimetre
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SUSI2,Superb Seeing Imager 2 (NTT)
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TAROT,Télescope à Action Rapide pour les Objets Transitoires
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TAROT-S,Télescopes à Action Rapide pour les Objets Transitoires South
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TBT,Test-Bed Telescope
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TEC,Technology Division
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telbib,ESO library telescope bibliography database
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TFB,Tunable Filter Bank (ALMA)
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TIMMI,TIMMI far-infrared camera (ESO 3.6-metre telescope)
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ToO,Target of Opportunity
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TRAPPIST,TRAnsiting Planets and PlanetesImals Small Telescope
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TRR,Test Readiness Review
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UC,Users Committee
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UK ATC,UK Astronomy Technology Centre
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Ultracam,High-speed camera (VLT)
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UltraVISTA,Ultra-deep near-infrared survey in the COSMOS field
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UNCOPUOS,United Nations Committee for the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space
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USM,University Observatory Munich
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UT,Unit Telescope of the VLT
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UT1–4,"VLT Unit Telescopes 1–4: Antu, Kueyen, Melipal and Yepun"
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UV,UltraViolet
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UVES,UV-Visual Echelle Spectrograph (VLT)
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VERTEX,"(APEX) VERTEX Antennentechnik GmbH, Duisburg (Germany)"
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VHS,VISTA Hemisphere Survey
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VIDEO,VISTA Deep Extragalactic Observations Survey
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VIKING,VISTA Kilo-degree Infrared Galaxy survey
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VIMOS,VIsible MultiObject Spectrograph (VLT)
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VINCI,VLT INterferometer Commissioning Instrument (VLTI)
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VIPERS,VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey
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VIRCAM,VISTA Infrared Camera
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VISA,VLTI Sub-Array
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VISIR,VLT Mid-Infrared Imager Spectrometer
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VISTA,Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy
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||
VLT,Very Large Telescope
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VLT/I,Very Large Telescope and its Interferometer
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||
VLTI,Very Large Telescope Interferometer
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||
VLTI-PR#,VLTI projects
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||
VM,Visitor Mode (observing)
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VMC,VISTA survey of the Magellanic Cloud system
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||
VO,Virtual Observatory
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||
VOP,Virtual Observatory Project Office
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VPHAS+,"VST Photometric Hα Survey"
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||
VSS,Variability Sky Survey
|
||
VST,VLT Survey Telescope
|
||
VVDS,VIMOS VLT Deep Survey
|
||
VVV,ESO public survey VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea
|
||
WASP,Wide Angle Search for Planets survey
|
||
WFCAM,Infrared wide field camera for the UK Infrared Telescope on Mauna Kea
|
||
WFI,"Wide Field Imager (MPG/ESO 2.2-metre)"
|
||
WiFi,Wireless Fidelity
|
||
WVR,Water Vapour Radiometer (ALMA)
|
||
X-shooter,Wideband ultraviolet-infrared single target spectrograph (VLT)
|
||
XAO,Extreme adaptive optics
|
||
XMM-Newton,X-ray Multi-Mirror satellite (ESA)
|
||
Yepun,VLT Unit Telescope 4
|
||
Z-Spec,Millimetre-wave spectrograph (APEX visitor instrument)
|
||
zCOSMOS,Large Programme to measure 30 000 galaxies in the HST Cosmic Origins field
|
||
ZIMPOL,"Zurich Imaging Polarimeter (SPHERE, ELT)"
|
||
ΛCDM,Lambda Cold Dark Matter
|
||
μm,Micrometre
|