# Description
This corrects the parsing of unknown arguments provided to known
externals to behave exactly like external arguments passed to normal
external calls.
I've done this by adding a `SyntaxShape::ExternalArgument` which
triggers the same parsing rules.
Because I didn't like how the highlighting looked, I modified the
flattener to emit `ExternalArg` flat shapes for arguments that have that
syntax shape and are plain strings/globs. This is the same behavior that
external calls have.
Aside from passing the tests, I've also checked manually that the
completer seems to work adequately. I can confirm that specified
positional arguments get completion according to their specified type
(including custom completions), and then anything remaining gets
filepath style completion, as you'd expect from an external command.
Thanks to @OJarrisonn for originally finding this issue.
# User-Facing Changes
- Unknown args are now parsed according to their specified syntax shape,
rather than `Any`. This may be a breaking change, though I think it's
extremely unlikely in practice.
- The unspecified arguments of known externals are now highlighted /
flattened identically to normal external arguments, which makes it more
clear how they're being interpreted, and should help the completer
function properly.
- Known externals now have an implicit rest arg if not specified named
`args`, with a syntax shape of `ExternalArgument`.
# Tests + Formatting
Tests added for the new behaviour. Some old tests had to be corrected to
match.
- 🟢 `toolkit fmt`
- 🟢 `toolkit clippy`
- 🟢 `toolkit test`
- 🟢 `toolkit test stdlib`
# After Submitting
- [ ] release notes (bugfix, and debatable whether it's a breaking
change)
# Description
This grew quite a bit beyond its original scope, but I've tried to make
`$in` a bit more consistent and easier to work with.
Instead of the parser generating calls to `collect` and creating
closures, this adds `Expr::Collect` which just evaluates in the same
scope and doesn't require any closure.
When `$in` is detected in an expression, it is replaced with a new
variable (also called `$in`) and wrapped in `Expr::Collect`. During
eval, this expression is evaluated directly, with the input and with
that new variable set to the collected value.
Other than being faster and less prone to gotchas, it also makes it
possible to typecheck the output of an expression containing `$in`,
which is nice. This is a breaking change though, because of the lack of
the closure and because now typechecking will actually happen. Also, I
haven't attempted to typecheck the input yet.
The IR generated now just looks like this:
```gas
collect %in
clone %tmp, %in
store-variable $in, %tmp
# %out <- ...expression... <- %in
drop-variable $in
```
(where `$in` is the local variable created for this collection, and not
`IN_VARIABLE_ID`)
which is a lot better than having to create a closure and call `collect
--keep-env`, dealing with all of the capture gathering and allocation
that entails. Ideally we can also detect whether that input is actually
needed, so maybe we don't have to clone, but I haven't tried to do that
yet. Theoretically now that the variable is a unique one every time, it
should be possible to give it a type - I just don't know how to
determine that yet.
On top of that, I've also reworked how `$in` works in pipeline-initial
position. Previously, it was a little bit inconsistent. For example,
this worked:
```nushell
> 3 | do { let x = $in; let y = $in; print $x $y }
3
3
```
However, this causes a runtime variable not found error on the second
`$in`:
```nushell
> def foo [] { let x = $in; let y = $in; print $x $y }; 3 | foo
Error: nu:🐚:variable_not_found
× Variable not found
╭─[entry #115:1:35]
1 │ def foo [] { let x = $in; let y = $in; print $x $y }; 3 | foo
· ─┬─
· ╰── variable not found
╰────
```
I've fixed this by making the first element `$in` detection *always*
happen at the block level, so if you use `$in` in pipeline-initial
position anywhere in a block, it will collect with an implicit
subexpression around the whole thing, and you can then use that `$in`
more than once. In doing this I also rewrote `parse_pipeline()` and
hopefully it's a bit more straightforward and possibly more efficient
too now.
Finally, I've tried to make `let` and `mut` a lot more straightforward
with how they handle the rest of the pipeline, and using a redirection
with `let`/`mut` now does what you'd expect if you assume that they
consume the whole pipeline - the redirection is just processed as
normal. These both work now:
```nushell
let x = ^foo err> err.txt
let y = ^foo out+err>| str length
```
It was previously possible to accomplish this with a subexpression, but
it just seemed like a weird gotcha that you couldn't do it. Intuitively,
`let` and `mut` just seem to take the whole line.
- closes#13137
# User-Facing Changes
- `$in` will behave more consistently with blocks and closures, since
the entire block is now just wrapped to handle it if it appears in the
first pipeline element
- `$in` no longer creates a closure, so what can be done within an
expression containing `$in` is less restrictive
- `$in` containing expressions are now type checked, rather than just
resulting in `any`. However, `$in` itself is still `any`, so this isn't
quite perfect yet
- Redirections are now allowed in `let` and `mut` and behave pretty much
how you'd expect
# Tests + Formatting
Added tests to cover the new behaviour.
# After Submitting
- [ ] release notes (definitely breaking change)
# Description
This PR adds an internal representation language to Nushell, offering an
alternative evaluator based on simple instructions, stream-containing
registers, and indexed control flow. The number of registers required is
determined statically at compile-time, and the fixed size required is
allocated upon entering the block.
Each instruction is associated with a span, which makes going backwards
from IR instructions to source code very easy.
Motivations for IR:
1. **Performance.** By simplifying the evaluation path and making it
more cache-friendly and branch predictor-friendly, code that does a lot
of computation in Nushell itself can be sped up a decent bit. Because
the IR is fairly easy to reason about, we can also implement
optimization passes in the future to eliminate and simplify code.
2. **Correctness.** The instructions mostly have very simple and
easily-specified behavior, so hopefully engine changes are a little bit
easier to reason about, and they can be specified in a more formal way
at some point. I have made an effort to document each of the
instructions in the docs for the enum itself in a reasonably specific
way. Some of the errors that would have happened during evaluation
before are now moved to the compilation step instead, because they don't
make sense to check during evaluation.
3. **As an intermediate target.** This is a good step for us to bring
the [`new-nu-parser`](https://github.com/nushell/new-nu-parser) in at
some point, as code generated from new AST can be directly compared to
code generated from old AST. If the IR code is functionally equivalent,
it will behave the exact same way.
4. **Debugging.** With a little bit more work, we can probably give
control over advancing the virtual machine that `IrBlock`s run on to
some sort of external driver, making things like breakpoints and single
stepping possible. Tools like `view ir` and [`explore
ir`](https://github.com/devyn/nu_plugin_explore_ir) make it easier than
before to see what exactly is going on with your Nushell code.
The goal is to eventually replace the AST evaluator entirely, once we're
sure it's working just as well. You can help dogfood this by running
Nushell with `$env.NU_USE_IR` set to some value. The environment
variable is checked when Nushell starts, so config runs with IR, or it
can also be set on a line at the REPL to change it dynamically. It is
also checked when running `do` in case within a script you want to just
run a specific piece of code with or without IR.
# Example
```nushell
view ir { |data|
mut sum = 0
for n in $data {
$sum += $n
}
$sum
}
```
```gas
# 3 registers, 19 instructions, 0 bytes of data
0: load-literal %0, int(0)
1: store-variable var 904, %0 # let
2: drain %0
3: drop %0
4: load-variable %1, var 903
5: iterate %0, %1, end 15 # for, label(1), from(14:)
6: store-variable var 905, %0
7: load-variable %0, var 904
8: load-variable %2, var 905
9: binary-op %0, Math(Plus), %2
10: span %0
11: store-variable var 904, %0
12: load-literal %0, nothing
13: drain %0
14: jump 5
15: drop %0 # label(0), from(5:)
16: drain %0
17: load-variable %0, var 904
18: return %0
```
# Benchmarks
All benchmarks run on a base model Mac Mini M1.
## Iterative Fibonacci sequence
This is about as best case as possible, making use of the much faster
control flow. Most code will not experience a speed improvement nearly
this large.
```nushell
def fib [n: int] {
mut a = 0
mut b = 1
for _ in 2..=$n {
let c = $a + $b
$a = $b
$b = $c
}
$b
}
use std bench
bench { 0..50 | each { |n| fib $n } }
```
IR disabled:
```
╭───────┬─────────────────╮
│ mean │ 1ms 924µs 665ns │
│ min │ 1ms 700µs 83ns │
│ max │ 3ms 450µs 125ns │
│ std │ 395µs 759ns │
│ times │ [list 50 items] │
╰───────┴─────────────────╯
```
IR enabled:
```
╭───────┬─────────────────╮
│ mean │ 452µs 820ns │
│ min │ 427µs 417ns │
│ max │ 540µs 167ns │
│ std │ 17µs 158ns │
│ times │ [list 50 items] │
╰───────┴─────────────────╯
```
##
[gradient_benchmark_no_check.nu](https://github.com/nushell/nu_scripts/blob/main/benchmarks/gradient_benchmark_no_check.nu)
IR disabled:
```
╭───┬──────────────────╮
│ 0 │ 27ms 929µs 958ns │
│ 1 │ 21ms 153µs 459ns │
│ 2 │ 18ms 639µs 666ns │
│ 3 │ 19ms 554µs 583ns │
│ 4 │ 13ms 383µs 375ns │
│ 5 │ 11ms 328µs 208ns │
│ 6 │ 5ms 659µs 542ns │
╰───┴──────────────────╯
```
IR enabled:
```
╭───┬──────────────────╮
│ 0 │ 22ms 662µs │
│ 1 │ 17ms 221µs 792ns │
│ 2 │ 14ms 786µs 708ns │
│ 3 │ 13ms 876µs 834ns │
│ 4 │ 13ms 52µs 875ns │
│ 5 │ 11ms 269µs 666ns │
│ 6 │ 6ms 942µs 500ns │
╰───┴──────────────────╯
```
##
[random-bytes.nu](https://github.com/nushell/nu_scripts/blob/main/benchmarks/random-bytes.nu)
I got pretty random results out of this benchmark so I decided not to
include it. Not clear why.
# User-Facing Changes
- IR compilation errors may appear even if the user isn't evaluating
with IR.
- IR evaluation can be enabled by setting the `NU_USE_IR` environment
variable to any value.
- New command `view ir` pretty-prints the IR for a block, and `view ir
--json` can be piped into an external tool like [`explore
ir`](https://github.com/devyn/nu_plugin_explore_ir).
# Tests + Formatting
All tests are passing with `NU_USE_IR=1`, and I've added some more eval
tests to compare the results for some very core operations. I will
probably want to add some more so we don't have to always check
`NU_USE_IR=1 toolkit test --workspace` on a regular basis.
# After Submitting
- [ ] release notes
- [ ] further documentation of instructions?
- [ ] post-release: publish `nu_plugin_explore_ir`
# Description
Refactors `help operators` so that its output is always up to date with
the parser.
# User-Facing Changes
- The order of output rows for `help operators` was changed.
- `not` is now listed as a boolean operator instead of a comparison
operator.
- Edited some of the descriptions for the operators.
This reverts commit 0cfd5fbece.
The original PR messed up syntax higlighting of aliases and causes
panics of completion in the presence of alias.
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> **Note**
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Part of https://github.com/nushell/nushell/issues/12963, step 2.
This PR refactors Call and related argument structures to remove their
dependency on `Expression::span` which will be removed in the future.
# User-Facing Changes
<!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This
helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->
Should be none. If you see some error messages that look broken, please
report.
# Tests + Formatting
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Make sure you've run and fixed any issues with these commands:
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check that you're using the standard code style
- `cargo test --workspace` to check that all tests pass (on Windows make
sure to [enable developer
mode](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps/get-started/developer-mode-features-and-debugging))
- `cargo run -- -c "use toolkit.nu; toolkit test stdlib"` to run the
tests for the standard library
> **Note**
> from `nushell` you can also use the `toolkit` as follows
> ```bash
> use toolkit.nu # or use an `env_change` hook to activate it
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> toolkit check pr
> ```
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# After Submitting
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# Description
Fixes: https://github.com/nushell/nushell/issues/12099
Currently if user run `use voice.nu`, and file is unchanged, then run
`use voice.nu` again. nushell will use the module directly, even if
submodule inside `voice.nu` is changed.
After discussed with @kubouch, I think it's ok to re-parse the module
file when:
1. It exports sub modules which are defined by a file
2. It uses other modules which are defined by a file
## About the change:
To achieve the behavior, we need to add 2 attributes to `Module`:
1. `imported_modules`: it tracks the other modules is imported by the
givem `module`, e.g: `use foo.nu`
2. `file`: the path of a module, if a module is defined by a file, it
will be `Some(path)`, or else it will be `None`.
After the change:
use voice.nu always read the file and parse it.
use voice will still use the module which is saved in EngineState.
# User-Facing Changes
use `xxx.nu` will read the file and parse it if it exports submodules or
uses submodules
# Tests + Formatting
Done
---------
Co-authored-by: Jakub Žádník <kubouch@gmail.com>
# Description
Some commands in `nu-cmd-lang` are not classified as keywords even
though they should be.
# User-Facing Changes
In the output of `which`, `scope commands`, and `help commands`, some
commands will now have a `type` of `keyword` instead of `built-in`.
# Description
We've had a lot of different issues and PRs related to arg handling with
externals since the rewrite of `run-external` in #12921:
- #12950
- #12955
- #13000
- #13001
- #13021
- #13027
- #13028
- #13073
Many of these are caused by the argument handling of external calls and
`run-external` being very special and involving the parser handing
quoted strings over to `run-external` so that it knows whether to expand
tildes and globs and so on. This is really unusual and also makes it
harder to use `run-external`, and also harder to understand it (and
probably is part of the reason why it was rewritten in the first place).
This PR moves a lot more of that work over to the parser, so that by the
time `run-external` gets it, it's dealing with much more normal Nushell
values. In particular:
- Unquoted strings are handled as globs with no expand
- The unescaped-but-quoted handling of strings was removed, and the
parser constructs normal looking strings instead, removing internal
quotes so that `run-external` doesn't have to do it
- Bare word interpolation is now supported and expansion is done in this
case
- Expressions typed as `Glob` containing `Expr::StringInterpolation` now
produce `Value::Glob` instead, with the quoted status from the expr
passed through so we know if it was a bare word
- Bare word interpolation for values typed as `glob` now possible, but
not implemented
- Because expansion is now triggered by `Value::Glob(_, false)` instead
of looking at the expr, externals now support glob types
# User-Facing Changes
- Bare word interpolation works for external command options, and
otherwise embedded in other strings:
```nushell
^echo --foo=(2 + 2) # prints --foo=4
^echo -foo=$"(2 + 2)" # prints -foo=4
^echo foo="(2 + 2)" # prints (no interpolation!) foo=(2 + 2)
^echo foo,(2 + 2),bar # prints foo,4,bar
```
- Bare word interpolation expands for external command head/args:
```nushell
let name = "exa"
~/.cargo/bin/($name) # this works, and expands the tilde
^$"~/.cargo/bin/($name)" # this doesn't expand the tilde
^echo ~/($name)/* # this glob is expanded
^echo $"~/($name)/*" # this isn't expanded
```
- Ndots are now supported for the head of an external command
(`^.../foo` works)
- Glob values are now supported for head/args of an external command,
and expanded appropriately:
```nushell
^("~/.cargo/bin/exa" | into glob) # the tilde is expanded
^echo ("*.txt" | into glob) # this glob is expanded
```
- `run-external` now works more like any other command, without
expecting a special call convention
for its args:
```nushell
run-external echo "'foo'"
# before PR: 'foo'
# after PR: foo
run-external echo "*.txt"
# before PR: (glob is expanded)
# after PR: *.txt
```
# Tests + Formatting
Lots of tests added and cleaned up. Some tests that weren't active on
Windows changed to use `nu --testbin cococo` so that they can work.
Added a test for Linux only to make sure tilde expansion of commands
works, because changing `HOME` there causes `~` to reliably change.
- 🟢 `toolkit fmt`
- 🟢 `toolkit clippy`
- 🟢 `toolkit test`
- 🟢 `toolkit test stdlib`
# After Submitting
- [ ] release notes: make sure to mention the new syntaxes that are
supported
# Description
First part of SpanID refactoring series. This PR adds a `SpanId` type
and a corresponding `span_id` field to `Expression`. Parser creating
expressions will now add them to an array in `StateWorkingSet`,
generates a corresponding ID and saves the ID to the Expression. The IDs
are not used anywhere yet.
For the rough overall plan, see
https://github.com/nushell/nushell/issues/12963.
# User-Facing Changes
Hopefully none. This is only a refactor of Nushell's internals that
shouldn't have visible side effects.
# Tests + Formatting
# After Submitting
# Description
Fixes#13016 and adds tests for many variations of external call
parsing.
I just realized @kubouch took a crack at this too (#13022) so really
whichever is better, but I think the
tests are a good addition.
# Description
Fix a regression introduced by #12921, where tilde expansion was no
longer done on the external command name, breaking things like
```nushell
> ~/.cargo/bin/exa
```
This properly handles quoted strings, so they don't expand:
```nushell
> ^"~/.cargo/bin/exa"
Error: nu:🐚:external_command
× External command failed
╭─[entry #1:1:2]
1 │ ^"~/.cargo/bin/exa"
· ─────────┬────────
· ╰── Command `~/.cargo/bin/exa` not found
╰────
help: `~/.cargo/bin/exa` is neither a Nushell built-in or a known external command
```
This required a change to the parser, so the command name is also parsed
in the same way the arguments are - i.e. the quotes on the outside
remain in the expression. Hopefully that doesn't break anything else. 🤞Fixes#13000. Should include in patch release 0.94.1
cc @YizhePKU
# User-Facing Changes
- Tilde expansion now works again for external commands
- The `command` of `run-external` will now have its quotes removed like
the other arguments if it is a literal string
- The parser is changed to include quotes in the command expression of
`ExternalCall` if they were present
# Tests + Formatting
I would like to add a regression test for this, but it's complicated
because we need a well-known binary within the home directory, which
just isn't a thing. We could drop one there, but that's kind of a bad
behavior for a test to do. I also considered changing the home directory
for the test, but that's so platform-specific - potentially could get it
working on specific platforms though. Changing `HOME` env on Linux
definitely works as far as tilde expansion works.
- 🟢 `toolkit fmt`
- 🟢 `toolkit clippy`
- 🟢 `toolkit test`
- 🟢 `toolkit test stdlib`
# Description
Kind of a vague title, but this PR does two main things:
1. Rather than overriding functions like `Command::is_parser_keyword`,
this PR instead changes commands to override `Command::command_type`.
The `CommandType` returned by `Command::command_type` is then used to
automatically determine whether `Command::is_parser_keyword` and the
other `is_{type}` functions should return true. These changes allow us
to remove the `CommandType::Other` case and should also guarantee than
only one of the `is_{type}` functions on `Command` will return true.
2. Uses the new, reworked `Command::command_type` function in the `scope
commands` and `which` commands.
# User-Facing Changes
- Breaking change for `scope commands`: multiple columns (`is_builtin`,
`is_keyword`, `is_plugin`, etc.) have been merged into the `type`
column.
- Breaking change: the `which` command can now report `plugin` or
`keyword` instead of `built-in` in the `type` column. It may also now
report `external` instead of `custom` in the `type` column for known
`extern`s.
# Description
Fixes: #12690
The issue is happened after
https://github.com/nushell/nushell/pull/12056 is merged. It will raise
error if user doesn't supply required parameter when run closure with
do.
And parser adds a `$it` parameter when parsing closure or block
expression.
I believe the previous behavior is because we allow such syntax on
previous version(0.44):
```nushell
let x = { print $it }
```
But it's no longer allowed after 0.60. So I think they can be removed.
# User-Facing Changes
```nushell
let tmp = {
let it = 42
print $it
}
do -c $tmp
```
should be possible again.
# Tests + Formatting
Added 1 test
# Description
This PR adds a few functions to `Span` for merging spans together:
- `Span::append`: merges two spans that are known to be in order.
- `Span::concat`: returns a span that encompasses all the spans in a
slice. The spans must be in order.
- `Span::merge`: merges two spans (no order necessary).
- `Span::merge_many`: merges an iterator of spans into a single span (no
order necessary).
These are meant to replace the free-standing `nu_protocol::span`
function.
The spans in a `LiteCommand` (the `parts`) should always be in order
based on the lite parser and lexer. So, the parser code sees the most
usage of `Span::append` and `Span::concat` where the order is known. In
other code areas, `Span::merge` and `Span::merge_many` are used since
the order between spans is often not known.
# Description
Fixes: #12691
In `parse_short_flag`, it only checks special cases for
`SyntaxShape::Int`, `SyntaxShape::Number` to allow a flag to be a
number. This pr adds `SyntaxShape::Float` to allow a flag to be float
number.
# User-Facing Changes
This is possible after this pr:
```nushell
def spam [val: float] { $val };
spam -1.4
```
# Tests + Formatting
Added 1 test
# Description
This PR adds raw string support by using `r#` at the beginning of single
quoted strings and `#` at the end.
Notice that escapes do not process, even within single quotes,
parentheses don't mean anything, $variables don't mean anything. It's
just a string.
```nushell
❯ echo r#'one\ntwo (blah) ($var)'#
one\ntwo (blah) ($var)
```
Notice how they work without `echo` or `print` and how they work without
carriage returns.
```nushell
❯ r#'adsfa'#
adsfa
❯ r##"asdfa'@qpejq'##
asdfa'@qpejq
❯ r#'asdfasdfasf
∙ foqwejfqo@'23rfjqf'#
```
They also have a special configurable color in the repl. (use single
quotes though)
They should work like rust raw literals and allow `r##`, `r###`,
`r####`, etc, to help with having one or many `#`'s in the middle of
your raw-string.
They should work with `let` as well.
```nushell
r#'some\nraw\nstring'# | str upcase
```
closes https://github.com/nushell/nushell/issues/5091
# User-Facing Changes
<!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This
helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->
# Tests + Formatting
<!--
Don't forget to add tests that cover your changes.
Make sure you've run and fixed any issues with these commands:
- `cargo fmt --all -- --check` to check standard code formatting (`cargo
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- `cargo clippy --workspace -- -D warnings -D clippy::unwrap_used -A
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you're using the standard code style
- `cargo test --workspace` to check that all tests pass
- `cargo run -- -c "use std testing; testing run-tests --path
crates/nu-std"` to run the tests for the standard library
> **Note**
> from `nushell` you can also use the `toolkit` as follows
> ```bash
> use toolkit.nu # or use an `env_change` hook to activate it
automatically
> toolkit check pr
> ```
-->
# After Submitting
<!-- If your PR had any user-facing changes, update [the
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---------
Co-authored-by: WindSoilder <WindSoilder@outlook.com>
Co-authored-by: Ian Manske <ian.manske@pm.me>
# Description
Continuing from #12568, this PR further reduces the size of `Expr` from
64 to 40 bytes. It also reduces `Expression` from 128 to 96 bytes and
`Type` from 32 to 24 bytes.
This was accomplished by:
- for `Expr` with multiple fields (e.g., `Expr::Thing(A, B, C)`),
merging the fields into new AST struct types and then boxing this struct
(e.g. `Expr::Thing(Box<ABC>)`).
- replacing `Vec<T>` with `Box<[T]>` in multiple places. `Expr`s and
`Expression`s should rarely be mutated, if at all, so this optimization
makes sense.
By reducing the size of these types, I didn't notice a large performance
improvement (at least compared to #12568). But this PR does reduce the
memory usage of nushell. My config is somewhat light so I only noticed a
difference of 1.4MiB (38.9MiB vs 37.5MiB).
---------
Co-authored-by: Stefan Holderbach <sholderbach@users.noreply.github.com>
# Description
Adds a new keyword, `plugin use`. Unlike `register`, this merely loads
the signatures from the plugin cache file. The file is configurable with
the `--plugin-config` option either to `nu` or to `plugin use` itself,
just like the other `plugin` family of commands. At the REPL, one might
do this to replace `register`:
```nushell
> plugin add ~/.cargo/bin/nu_plugin_foo
> plugin use foo
```
This will not work in a script, because `plugin use` is a keyword and
`plugin add` does not evaluate at parse time (intentionally). This means
we no longer run random binaries during parse.
The `--plugins` option has been added to allow running `nu` with certain
plugins in one step. This is used especially for the `nu_with_plugins!`
test macro, but I'd imagine is generally useful. The only weird quirk is
that it has to be a list, and we don't really do this for any of our
other CLI args at the moment.
`register` now prints a deprecation parse warning.
This should fix#11923, as we now have a complete alternative to
`register`.
# User-Facing Changes
- Add `plugin use` command
- Deprecate `register`
- Add `--plugins` option to `nu` to replace a common use of `register`
# Tests + Formatting
I think I've tested it thoroughly enough and every existing test passes.
Testing nu CLI options and alternate config files is a little hairy and
I wish there were some more generic helpers for this, so this will go on
my TODO list for refactoring.
- 🟢 `toolkit fmt`
- 🟢 `toolkit clippy`
- 🟢 `toolkit test`
- 🟢 `toolkit test stdlib`
# After Submitting
- [ ] Update plugins sections of book
- [ ] Release notes
# Description
Fixes: #11351
And comment here is also fixed:
https://github.com/nushell/nushell/issues/11351#issuecomment-1996191537
The panic can happened if we pipe a variable to a custom command which
recursively called itself inside another block.
TBH, I think I figure out how it works to panic, but I'm not sure if
there is a potention issue if nushell don't mutate a block in such case.
# User-Facing Changes
Nan
# Tests + Formatting
Done
# After Submitting
Done
---------
Co-authored-by: Stefan Holderbach <sholderbach@users.noreply.github.com>
# Description
Adds a `Box` around the `ImportPattern` in `Expr` which decreases the
size of `Expr` from 152 to 64 bytes (and `Expression` from 216 to 128
bytes). This seems to speed up parsing a little bit according to the
benchmarks (main is top, PR is bottom):
```
benchmarks fastest │ slowest │ median │ mean │ samples │ iters
benchmarks fastest │ slowest │ median │ mean │ samples │ iters
├─ parser_benchmarks │ │ │ │ │
├─ parser_benchmarks │ │ │ │ │
│ ├─ parse_default_config_file 2.287 ms │ 4.532 ms │ 2.311 ms │ 2.437 ms │ 100 │ 100
│ ├─ parse_default_config_file 2.255 ms │ 2.781 ms │ 2.281 ms │ 2.312 ms │ 100 │ 100
│ ╰─ parse_default_env_file 421.8 µs │ 824.6 µs │ 494.3 µs │ 527.5 µs │ 100 │ 100
│ ╰─ parse_default_env_file 402 µs │ 486.6 µs │ 414.8 µs │ 416.2 µs │ 100 │ 100
```
# Description
This PR adds a `ListItem` enum to our set of AST types. It encodes the
two possible expressions inside of list expression: a singular item or a
spread. This is similar to the existing `RecordItem` enum. Adding
`ListItem` allows us to remove the existing `Expr::Spread` case which
was previously used for list spreads. As a consequence, this guarantees
(via the type system) that spreads can only ever occur inside lists,
records, or as command args.
This PR also does a little bit of cleanup in relevant parser code.
# Description
A little refactor that use `working_set.error` rather than
`working_set.parse_errors.push`, which is reported here:
https://github.com/nushell/nushell/pull/12238
> Inconsistent error reporting. Usage of both working_set.error() and
working_set.parse_errors.push(). Using ParseError::Expected for an
invalid variable name when there's ParseError::VariableNotValid (from
parser.rs:5237). Checking variable names manually when there's
is_variable() (from parser.rs:2905).
# User-Facing Changes
NaN
# Tests + Formatting
Done
# Description
Work for #7149
- **Error `with-env` given uneven count in list form**
- **Fix `with-env` `CantConvert` to record**
- **Error `with-env` when given protected env vars**
- **Deprecate list/table input of vars to `with-env`**
- **Remove examples for deprecated input**
# User-Facing Changes
## Deprecation of the following forms
```
> with-env [MYENV "my env value"] { $env.MYENV }
my env value
> with-env [X Y W Z] { $env.X }
Y
> with-env [[X W]; [Y Z]] { $env.W }
Z
```
## recommended standardized form
```
# Set by key-value record
> with-env {X: "Y", W: "Z"} { [$env.X $env.W] }
╭───┬───╮
│ 0 │ Y │
│ 1 │ Z │
╰───┴───╯
```
## (Side effect) Repeated definitions in an env shorthand are now
disallowed
```
> FOO=bar FOO=baz $env
Error: nu:🐚:column_defined_twice
× Record field or table column used twice: FOO
╭─[entry #1:1:1]
1 │ FOO=bar FOO=baz $env
· ─┬─ ─┬─
· │ ╰── field redefined here
· ╰── field first defined here
╰────
```
# Description
When implementing a `Command`, one must also import all the types
present in the function signatures for `Command`. This makes it so that
we often import the same set of types in each command implementation
file. E.g., something like this:
```rust
use nu_protocol::ast::Call;
use nu_protocol::engine::{Command, EngineState, Stack};
use nu_protocol::{
record, Category, Example, IntoInterruptiblePipelineData, IntoPipelineData, PipelineData,
ShellError, Signature, Span, Type, Value,
};
```
This PR adds the `nu_engine::command_prelude` module which contains the
necessary and commonly used types to implement a `Command`:
```rust
// command_prelude.rs
pub use crate::CallExt;
pub use nu_protocol::{
ast::{Call, CellPath},
engine::{Command, EngineState, Stack},
record, Category, Example, IntoInterruptiblePipelineData, IntoPipelineData, IntoSpanned,
PipelineData, Record, ShellError, Signature, Span, Spanned, SyntaxShape, Type, Value,
};
```
This should reduce the boilerplate needed to implement a command and
also gives us a place to track the breadth of the `Command` API. I tried
to be conservative with what went into the prelude modules, since it
might be hard/annoying to remove items from the prelude in the future.
Let me know if something should be included or excluded.
Manual checks are added to `parse_let`, `parse_mut`, and `parse_const`.
`parse_var_with_opt_type` is also fixed to update `spans_idx` correctly.
Fixes#12125.
It's technically a fix, but I'd rather not merge this directly. I'm
making this PR to bring into attention the code quality of the parser
code. For example:
* Inconsistent usage of `spans_idx`. What is its purpose, and which
parsing functions need it? I suspect it's possible to remove the usage
of `spans_idx` entirely.
* Lacking documentation for top-level functions. What does `mutable`
mean for `parse_var_with_opt_type()`?
* Inconsistent error reporting. Usage of both `working_set.error()` and
`working_set.parse_errors.push()`. Using `ParseError::Expected` for an
invalid variable name when there's `ParseError::VariableNotValid` (from
`parser.rs:5237`). Checking variable names manually when there's
`is_variable()` (from `parser.rs:2905`).
* `span()` is a terrible name for a function that flattens a bunch of
spans into one (from `nu-protocal/src/span.rs:92`). The top-level
comment (`Used when you have a slice of spans of at least size 1`)
doesn't help either.
I've only looked at a small portion of the parser code; I expect there
are a lot more. These issues made it much harder to fix a simple bug
like #12125. I believe we should invest some effort to cleanup the
parser code, which will ease maintainance in the future. I'll willing to
help if there is interest.
# Description
This makes many of the larger objects in `EngineState` into `Arc`, and
uses `Arc::make_mut` to do clone-on-write if the reference is not
unique. This is generally very cheap, giving us the best of both worlds
- allowing us to mutate without cloning if we have an exclusive
reference, and cloning if we don't.
This started as more of a curiosity for me after remembering that
`Arc::make_mut` exists and can make using `Arc` for mostly immutable
data that sometimes needs to be changed very convenient, and also after
hearing someone complain about memory usage on Discord - this is a
somewhat significant win for that.
The exact objects that were wrapped in `Arc`:
- `files`, `file_contents` - the strings and byte buffers
- `decls` - the whole `Vec`, but mostly to avoid lots of individual
`malloc()` calls on Clone rather than for memory usage
- `blocks` - the blocks themselves, rather than the outer Vec
- `modules` - the modules themselves, rather than the outer Vec
- `env_vars`, `previous_env_vars` - the entire maps
- `config`
The changes required were relatively minimal, but this is a breaking API
change. In particular, blocks are added as Arcs, to allow the parser
cache functionality to work.
With my normal nu config, running on Linux, this saves me about 15 MiB
of process memory usage when running interactively (65 MiB → 50 MiB).
This also makes quick command executions cheaper, particularly since
every REPL loop now involves a clone of the engine state so that we can
recover from a panic. It also reduces memory usage where engine state
needs to be cloned and sent to another thread or kept within an
iterator.
# User-Facing Changes
Shouldn't be any, since it's all internal stuff, but it does change some
public interfaces so it's a breaking change
# Description
The PR overhauls how IO redirection is handled, allowing more explicit
and fine-grain control over `stdout` and `stderr` output as well as more
efficient IO and piping.
To summarize the changes in this PR:
- Added a new `IoStream` type to indicate the intended destination for a
pipeline element's `stdout` and `stderr`.
- The `stdout` and `stderr` `IoStream`s are stored in the `Stack` and to
avoid adding 6 additional arguments to every eval function and
`Command::run`. The `stdout` and `stderr` streams can be temporarily
overwritten through functions on `Stack` and these functions will return
a guard that restores the original `stdout` and `stderr` when dropped.
- In the AST, redirections are now directly part of a `PipelineElement`
as a `Option<Redirection>` field instead of having multiple different
`PipelineElement` enum variants for each kind of redirection. This
required changes to the parser, mainly in `lite_parser.rs`.
- `Command`s can also set a `IoStream` override/redirection which will
apply to the previous command in the pipeline. This is used, for
example, in `ignore` to allow the previous external command to have its
stdout redirected to `Stdio::null()` at spawn time. In contrast, the
current implementation has to create an os pipe and manually consume the
output on nushell's side. File and pipe redirections (`o>`, `e>`, `e>|`,
etc.) have precedence over overrides from commands.
This PR improves piping and IO speed, partially addressing #10763. Using
the `throughput` command from that issue, this PR gives the following
speedup on my setup for the commands below:
| Command | Before (MB/s) | After (MB/s) | Bash (MB/s) |
| --------------------------- | -------------:| ------------:|
-----------:|
| `throughput o> /dev/null` | 1169 | 52938 | 54305 |
| `throughput \| ignore` | 840 | 55438 | N/A |
| `throughput \| null` | Error | 53617 | N/A |
| `throughput \| rg 'x'` | 1165 | 3049 | 3736 |
| `(throughput) \| rg 'x'` | 810 | 3085 | 3815 |
(Numbers above are the median samples for throughput)
This PR also paves the way to refactor our `ExternalStream` handling in
the various commands. For example, this PR already fixes the following
code:
```nushell
^sh -c 'echo -n "hello "; sleep 0; echo "world"' | find "hello world"
```
This returns an empty list on 0.90.1 and returns a highlighted "hello
world" on this PR.
Since the `stdout` and `stderr` `IoStream`s are available to commands
when they are run, then this unlocks the potential for more convenient
behavior. E.g., the `find` command can disable its ansi highlighting if
it detects that the output `IoStream` is not the terminal. Knowing the
output streams will also allow background job output to be redirected
more easily and efficiently.
# User-Facing Changes
- External commands returned from closures will be collected (in most
cases):
```nushell
1..2 | each {|_| nu -c "print a" }
```
This gives `["a", "a"]` on this PR, whereas this used to print "a\na\n"
and then return an empty list.
```nushell
1..2 | each {|_| nu -c "print -e a" }
```
This gives `["", ""]` and prints "a\na\n" to stderr, whereas this used
to return an empty list and print "a\na\n" to stderr.
- Trailing new lines are always trimmed for external commands when
piping into internal commands or collecting it as a value. (Failure to
decode the output as utf-8 will keep the trailing newline for the last
binary value.) In the current nushell version, the following three code
snippets differ only in parenthesis placement, but they all also have
different outputs:
1. `1..2 | each { ^echo a }`
```
a
a
╭────────────╮
│ empty list │
╰────────────╯
```
2. `1..2 | each { (^echo a) }`
```
╭───┬───╮
│ 0 │ a │
│ 1 │ a │
╰───┴───╯
```
3. `1..2 | (each { ^echo a })`
```
╭───┬───╮
│ 0 │ a │
│ │ │
│ 1 │ a │
│ │ │
╰───┴───╯
```
But in this PR, the above snippets will all have the same output:
```
╭───┬───╮
│ 0 │ a │
│ 1 │ a │
╰───┴───╯
```
- All existing flags on `run-external` are now deprecated.
- File redirections now apply to all commands inside a code block:
```nushell
(nu -c "print -e a"; nu -c "print -e b") e> test.out
```
This gives "a\nb\n" in `test.out` and prints nothing. The same result
would happen when printing to stdout and using a `o>` file redirection.
- External command output will (almost) never be ignored, and ignoring
output must be explicit now:
```nushell
(^echo a; ^echo b)
```
This prints "a\nb\n", whereas this used to print only "b\n". This only
applies to external commands; values and internal commands not in return
position will not print anything (e.g., `(echo a; echo b)` still only
prints "b").
- `complete` now always captures stderr (`do` is not necessary).
# After Submitting
The language guide and other documentation will need to be updated.
# Description
Fixes some ignored clippy lints.
# User-Facing Changes
Changes some signatures and return types to `&dyn Command` instead of
`&Box<dyn Command`, but I believe this is only an internal change.
# Description
As title, currently on latest main, nushell confused user if it allows
implicit casting between glob and string:
```nushell
let x = "*.txt"
def glob-test [g: glob] { open $g }
glob-test $x
```
It always expand the glob although `$x` is defined as a string.
This pr implements a solution from @kubouch :
> We could make it really strict and disallow all autocasting between
globs and strings because that's what's causing the "magic" confusion.
Then, modify all builtins that accept globs to accept oneof(glob,
string) and the rules would be that globs always expand and strings
never expand
# User-Facing Changes
After this pr, user needs to use `into glob` to invoke `glob-test`, if
user pass a string variable:
```nushell
let x = "*.txt"
def glob-test [g: glob] { open $g }
glob-test ($x | into glob)
```
Or else nushell will return an error.
```
3 │ glob-test $x
· ─┬
· ╰── can't convert string to glob
```
# Tests + Formatting
Done
# After Submitting
Nan
# Description
This PR renames the conversion functions on `Value` to be more consistent.
It follows the Rust [API guidelines](https://rust-lang.github.io/api-guidelines/naming.html#ad-hoc-conversions-follow-as_-to_-into_-conventions-c-conv) for ad-hoc conversions.
The conversion functions on `Value` now come in a few forms:
- `coerce_{type}` takes a `&Value` and attempts to convert the value to
`type` (e.g., `i64` are converted to `f64`). This is the old behavior of
some of the `as_{type}` functions -- these functions have simply been
renamed to better reflect what they do.
- The new `as_{type}` functions take a `&Value` and returns an `Ok`
result only if the value is of `type` (no conversion is attempted). The
returned value will be borrowed if `type` is non-`Copy`, otherwise an
owned value is returned.
- `into_{type}` exists for non-`Copy` types, but otherwise does not
attempt conversion just like `as_type`. It takes an owned `Value` and
always returns an owned result.
- `coerce_into_{type}` has the same relationship with `coerce_{type}` as
`into_{type}` does with `as_{type}`.
- `to_{kind}_string`: conversion to different string formats (debug,
abbreviated, etc.). Only two of the old string conversion functions were
removed, the rest have been renamed only.
- `to_{type}`: other conversion functions. Currently, only `to_path`
exists. (And `to_string` through `Display`.)
This table summaries the above:
| Form | Cost | Input Ownership | Output Ownership | Converts `Value`
case/`type` |
| ---------------------------- | ----- | --------------- |
---------------- | -------- |
| `as_{type}` | Cheap | Borrowed | Borrowed/Owned | No |
| `into_{type}` | Cheap | Owned | Owned | No |
| `coerce_{type}` | Cheap | Borrowed | Borrowed/Owned | Yes |
| `coerce_into_{type}` | Cheap | Owned | Owned | Yes |
| `to_{kind}_string` | Expensive | Borrowed | Owned | Yes |
| `to_{type}` | Expensive | Borrowed | Owned | Yes |
# User-Facing Changes
Breaking API change for `Value` in `nu-protocol` which is exposed as
part of the plugin API.
# Description
Close: #9673Close: #8277Close: #10944
This pr introduces the following syntax:
1. `e>|`, pipe stderr to next command. Example: `$env.FOO=bar nu
--testbin echo_env_stderr FOO e>| str length`
2. `o+e>|` and `e+o>|`, pipe both stdout and stderr to next command,
example: `$env.FOO=bar nu --testbin echo_env_mixed out-err FOO FOO e+o>|
str length`
Note: it only works for external commands. ~There is no different for
internal commands, that is, the following three commands do the same
things:~ Edit: it raises errors if we want to pipes for internal
commands
```
❯ ls e>| str length
Error: × `e>|` only works with external streams
╭─[entry #1:1:1]
1 │ ls e>| str length
· ─┬─
· ╰── `e>|` only works on external streams
╰────
❯ ls e+o>| str length
Error: × `o+e>|` only works with external streams
╭─[entry #2:1:1]
1 │ ls e+o>| str length
· ──┬──
· ╰── `o+e>|` only works on external streams
╰────
```
This can help us to avoid some strange issues like the following:
`$env.FOO=bar (nu --testbin echo_env_stderr FOO) e>| str length`
Which is hard to understand and hard to explain to users.
# User-Facing Changes
Nan
# Tests + Formatting
To be done
# After Submitting
Maybe update documentation about these syntax.
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# Description
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Description of your pull request goes here. **Provide examples and/or
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Fix#9878
# User-Facing Changes
<!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This
helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->
Writing comments in match blocks will be allowed.
# Tests + Formatting
<!--
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Make sure you've run and fixed any issues with these commands:
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crates/nu-std"` to run the tests for the standard library
> **Note**
> from `nushell` you can also use the `toolkit` as follows
> ```bash
> use toolkit.nu # or use an `env_change` hook to activate it
automatically
> toolkit check pr
> ```
-->
# After Submitting
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This fixes an issue brought up by nihilander in
[Discord](https://discord.com/channels/601130461678272522/614593951969574961/1201594105986285649).
# Description
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guide](../CONTRIBUTING.md) and talk to the core team before making major
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Nushell panics when the spread operator is used like this (the
`...$rest` shouldn't actually be parsed as a spread operator at all):
```nu
$ def foo [...rest: string] {...$rest}
$ foo bar baz
thread 'main' panicked at /root/.cargo/registry/src/index.crates.io-6f17d22bba15001f/nu-protocol-0.89.0/src/signature.rs:650:9:
Internal error: can't run a predeclaration without a body
stack backtrace:
0: rust_begin_unwind
1: core::panicking::panic_fmt
2: <nu_protocol::signature::Predeclaration as nu_protocol::engine::command::Command>::run
3: nu_engine::eval::eval_call
4: nu_engine::eval::eval_expression_with_input
5: nu_engine::eval::eval_element_with_input
6: nu_engine::eval::eval_block
7: nu_cli::util::eval_source
8: nu_cli::repl::evaluate_repl
9: nu::run::run_repl
10: nu::main
note: Some details are omitted, run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=full` for a verbose backtrace.
```
The problem was that whenever the parser saw something like `{...$`,
`{...(`, or `{...[`, it would treat that as a record with a spread
expression, ignoring the syntax shape of the block it was parsing. This
should now be fixed, and the snippet above instead gives the following
error:
```nu
Error: nu:🐚:external_command
× External command failed
╭─[entry #1:1:1]
1 │ def foo [...rest] {...$rest}
· ────┬───
· ╰── executable was not found
╰────
help: No such file or directory (os error 2)
```
# User-Facing Changes
<!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This
helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->
Stuff like `do { ...$rest }` will now try to run a command `...$rest`
rather than complaining that variable `$rest` doesn't exist.
# Tests + Formatting
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Don't forget to add tests that cover your changes.
Make sure you've run and fixed any issues with these commands:
- `cargo fmt --all -- --check` to check standard code formatting (`cargo
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sure to [enable developer
mode](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps/get-started/developer-mode-features-and-debugging))
- `cargo run -- -c "use std testing; testing run-tests --path
crates/nu-std"` to run the tests for the standard library
> **Note**
> from `nushell` you can also use the `toolkit` as follows
> ```bash
> use toolkit.nu # or use an `env_change` hook to activate it
automatically
> toolkit check pr
> ```
-->
# After Submitting
<!-- If your PR had any user-facing changes, update [the
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Sorry about the issue, I am not touching the parser again for a long
time :)
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# Description
A bit hackish but this fixes the precedence of the `not` operator.
Before: `not false and false` => true
Now: `not false and false` => false
Fixes#11633
# User-Facing Changes
<!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This
helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->
# Tests + Formatting
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check that you're using the standard code style
- `cargo test --workspace` to check that all tests pass (on Windows make
sure to [enable developer
mode](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps/get-started/developer-mode-features-and-debugging))
- `cargo run -- -c "use std testing; testing run-tests --path
crates/nu-std"` to run the tests for the standard library
> **Note**
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> ```bash
> use toolkit.nu # or use an `env_change` hook to activate it
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> toolkit check pr
> ```
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# After Submitting
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---------
Co-authored-by: Jakub Žádník <kubouch@gmail.com>
# Description
This pr is a follow up to
[#11569](https://github.com/nushell/nushell/pull/11569#issuecomment-1902279587)
> Revert the logic in https://github.com/nushell/nushell/pull/10694 and
apply the logic in this pr to mv, cp, rv will require a larger change, I
need to think how to achieve the bahavior
And sorry @bobhy for reverting some of your changes.
This pr is going to unify glob behavior on the given commands:
* open
* rm
* cp-old
* mv
* umv
* cp
* du
So they have the same behavior to `ls`, which is:
If given parameter is quoted by single quote(`'`) or double quote(`"`),
don't auto-expand the glob pattern. If not quoted, auto-expand the glob
pattern.
Fixes: #9558Fixes: #10211Fixes: #9310Fixes: #10364
# TODO
But there is one thing remains: if we give a variable to the command, it
will always auto-expand the glob pattern, e.g:
```nushell
let path = "a[123]b"
rm $path
```
I don't think it's expected. But I also think user might want to
auto-expand the glob pattern in variables.
So I'll introduce a new command called `glob escape`, then if user
doesn't want to auto-expand the glob pattern, he can just do this: `rm
($path | glob escape)`
# User-Facing Changes
<!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This
helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->
# Tests + Formatting
Done
# After Submitting
<!-- If your PR had any user-facing changes, update [the
documentation](https://github.com/nushell/nushell.github.io) after the
PR is merged, if necessary. This will help us keep the docs up to date.
-->
## NOTE
This pr changes the semantic of `GlobPattern`, before this pr, it will
`expand path` after evaluated, this makes `nu_engine::glob_from` have no
chance to glob things right if a path contains glob pattern.
e.g: [#9310
](https://github.com/nushell/nushell/issues/9310#issuecomment-1886824030)
#10211
I think changing the semantic is fine, because it makes glob works if
path contains something like '*'.
It maybe a breaking change if a custom command's argument are annotated
by `: glob`.
# Description
This is a follow up to: #11365
After this pr, `--flag: bool` is no longer allowed.
I think `ParseWarning::Deprecated` is useful when we want to deprecated
something at syntax level, so I just leave it there for now.
# User-Facing Changes
## Before
```
❯ def foo [--b: bool] {}
Error: × Deprecated: --flag: bool
╭─[entry #15:1:1]
1 │ def foo [--b: bool] {}
· ──┬─
· ╰── `--flag: bool` is deprecated and will be removed in 0.90. Please use `--flag` instead, more info: https://www.nushell.sh/book/custom_commands.html
╰────
```
## After
```
❯ def foo [--b: bool] {}
Error: × Type annotations are not allowed for boolean switches.
╭─[entry #2:1:1]
1 │ def foo [--b: bool] {}
· ──┬─
· ╰── Remove the `: bool` type annotation.
╰────
```
# Tests + Formatting
Done
# Description
Fixes: #11455
### For arguments which is annotated with `:path/:directory/:glob`
To fix the issue, we need to have a way to know if a path is originally
quoted during runtime. So the information needed to be added at several
levels:
* parse time (from user input to expression)
We need to add quoted information into `Expr::Filepath`,
`Expr::Directory`, `Expr::GlobPattern`
* eval time
When convert from `Expr::Filepath`, `Expr::Directory`,
`Expr::GlobPattern` to `Value::String` during runtime, we won't auto
expanded the path if it's quoted
### For `ls`
It's really special, because it accepts a `String` as a pattern, and it
generates `glob` expression inside the command itself.
So the idea behind the change is introducing a special SyntaxShape to
ls: `SyntaxShape::LsGlobPattern`. So we can track if the pattern is
originally quoted easier, and we don't auto expand the path either.
Then when constructing a glob pattern inside ls, we check if input
pattern is quoted, if so: we escape the input pattern, so we can run `ls
a[123]b`, because it's already escaped.
Finally, to accomplish the checking process, we also need to introduce a
new value type called `Value::QuotedString` to differ from
`Value::String`, it's used to generate an enum called `NuPath`, which is
finally used in `ls` function. `ls` learned from `NuPath` to know if
user input is quoted.
# User-Facing Changes
Actually it contains several changes
### For arguments which is annotated with `:path/:directory/:glob`
#### Before
```nushell
> def foo [p: path] { echo $p }; print (foo "~/a"); print (foo '~/a')
/home/windsoilder/a
/home/windsoilder/a
> def foo [p: directory] { echo $p }; print (foo "~/a"); print (foo '~/a')
/home/windsoilder/a
/home/windsoilder/a
> def foo [p: glob] { echo $p }; print (foo "~/a"); print (foo '~/a')
/home/windsoilder/a
/home/windsoilder/a
```
#### After
```nushell
> def foo [p: path] { echo $p }; print (foo "~/a"); print (foo '~/a')
~/a
~/a
> def foo [p: directory] { echo $p }; print (foo "~/a"); print (foo '~/a')
~/a
~/a
> def foo [p: glob] { echo $p }; print (foo "~/a"); print (foo '~/a')
~/a
~/a
```
### For ls command
`touch '[uwu]'`
#### Before
```
❯ ls -D "[uwu]"
Error: × No matches found for [uwu]
╭─[entry #6:1:1]
1 │ ls -D "[uwu]"
· ───┬───
· ╰── Pattern, file or folder not found
╰────
help: no matches found
```
#### After
```
❯ ls -D "[uwu]"
╭───┬───────┬──────┬──────┬──────────╮
│ # │ name │ type │ size │ modified │
├───┼───────┼──────┼──────┼──────────┤
│ 0 │ [uwu] │ file │ 0 B │ now │
╰───┴───────┴──────┴──────┴──────────╯
```
# Tests + Formatting
Done
# After Submitting
NaN
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Finishes implementing https://github.com/nushell/nushell/issues/10598,
which asks for a spread operator in lists, in records, and when calling
commands.
# Description
<!--
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guide](../CONTRIBUTING.md) and talk to the core team before making major
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Description of your pull request goes here. **Provide examples and/or
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This PR will allow spreading arguments to commands (both internal and
external). It will also deprecate spreading arguments automatically when
passing to external commands.
# User-Facing Changes
<!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This
helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->
- Users will be able to use `...` to spread arguments to custom/builtin
commands that have rest parameters or allow unknown arguments, or to any
external command
- If a custom command doesn't have a rest parameter and it doesn't allow
unknown arguments either, the spread operator will not be allowed
- Passing lists to external commands without `...` will work for now but
will cause a deprecation warning saying that it'll stop working in 0.91
(is 2 versions enough time?)
Here's a function to help with demonstrating some behavior:
```nushell
> def foo [ a, b, c?, d?, ...rest ] { [$a $b $c $d $rest] | to nuon }
```
You can pass a list of arguments to fill in the `rest` parameter using
`...`:
```nushell
> foo 1 2 3 4 ...[5 6]
[1, 2, 3, 4, [5, 6]]
```
If you don't use `...`, the list `[5 6]` will be treated as a single
argument:
```nushell
> foo 1 2 3 4 [5 6] # Note the double [[]]
[1, 2, 3, 4, [[5, 6]]]
```
You can omit optional parameters before the spread arguments:
```nushell
> foo 1 2 3 ...[4 5] # d is omitted here
[1, 2, 3, null, [4, 5]]
```
If you have multiple lists, you can spread them all:
```nushell
> foo 1 2 3 ...[4 5] 6 7 ...[8] ...[]
[1, 2, 3, null, [4, 5, 6, 7, 8]]
```
Here's the kind of error you get when you try to spread arguments to a
command with no rest parameter:
And this is the warning you get when you pass a list to an external now
(without `...`):
# Tests + Formatting
<!--
Don't forget to add tests that cover your changes.
Make sure you've run and fixed any issues with these commands:
- `cargo fmt --all -- --check` to check standard code formatting (`cargo
fmt --all` applies these changes)
- `cargo clippy --workspace -- -D warnings -D clippy::unwrap_used` to
check that you're using the standard code style
- `cargo test --workspace` to check that all tests pass (on Windows make
sure to [enable developer
mode](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps/get-started/developer-mode-features-and-debugging))
- `cargo run -- -c "use std testing; testing run-tests --path
crates/nu-std"` to run the tests for the standard library
> **Note**
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> ```bash
> use toolkit.nu # or use an `env_change` hook to activate it
automatically
> toolkit check pr
> ```
-->
Added tests to cover the following cases:
- Spreading arguments to a command that doesn't have a rest parameter
(unexpected spread argument error)
- Spreading arguments to a command that doesn't have a rest parameter
*but* there's also a missing positional argument (missing positional
error)
- Spreading arguments to a command that doesn't have a rest parameter
but does allow unknown arguments, such as `exec` (allowed)
- Spreading a list literal containing arguments of the wrong type (parse
error)
- Spreading a non-list value, both to internal and external commands
- Having named arguments in the middle of rest arguments
- `explain`ing a command call that spreads its arguments
# After Submitting
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documentation](https://github.com/nushell/nushell.github.io) after the
PR is merged, if necessary. This will help us keep the docs up to date.
-->
# Examples
Suppose you have multiple tables:
```nushell
let people = [[id name age]; [0 alice 100] [1 bob 200] [2 eve 300]]
let evil_twins = [[id name age]; [0 ecila 100] [-1 bob 200] [-2 eve 300]]
```
Maybe you often find yourself needing to merge multiple tables and want
a utility to do that. You could write a function like this:
```nushell
def merge_all [ ...tables ] { $tables | reduce { |it, acc| $acc | merge $it } }
```
Then you can use it like this:
```nushell
> merge_all ...([$people $evil_twins] | each { |$it| $it | select name age })
╭───┬───────┬─────╮
│ # │ name │ age │
├───┼───────┼─────┤
│ 0 │ ecila │ 100 │
│ 1 │ bob │ 200 │
│ 2 │ eve │ 300 │
╰───┴───────┴─────╯
```
Except they had duplicate columns, so now you first want to suffix every
column with a number to tell you which table the column came from. You
can make a command for that:
```nushell
def select_and_merge [ --cols: list<string>, ...tables ] {
let renamed_tables = $tables
| enumerate
| each { |it|
$it.item | select $cols | rename ...($cols | each { |col| $col + ($it.index | into string) })
};
merge_all ...$renamed_tables
}
```
And call it like this:
```nushell
> select_and_merge --cols [name age] $people $evil_twins
╭───┬───────┬──────┬───────┬──────╮
│ # │ name0 │ age0 │ name1 │ age1 │
├───┼───────┼──────┼───────┼──────┤
│ 0 │ alice │ 100 │ ecila │ 100 │
│ 1 │ bob │ 200 │ bob │ 200 │
│ 2 │ eve │ 300 │ eve │ 300 │
╰───┴───────┴──────┴───────┴──────╯
```
---
Suppose someone's made a command to search for APT packages:
```nushell
# The main command
def search-pkgs [
--install # Whether to install any packages it finds
log_level: int # Pretend it's a good idea to make this a required positional parameter
exclude?: list<string> # Packages to exclude
repositories?: list<string> # Which repositories to look in (searches in all if not given)
...pkgs # Package names to search for
] {
{ install: $install, log_level: $log_level, exclude: ($exclude | to nuon), repositories: ($repositories | to nuon), pkgs: ($pkgs | to nuon) }
}
```
It has a lot of parameters to configure it, so you might make your own
helper commands to wrap around it for specific cases. Here's one
example:
```nushell
# Only look for packages locally
def search-pkgs-local [
--install # Whether to install any packages it finds
log_level: int
exclude?: list<string> # Packages to exclude
...pkgs # Package names to search for
] {
# All required and optional positional parameters are given
search-pkgs --install=$install $log_level [] ["<local URI or something>"] ...$pkgs
}
```
And you can run it like this:
```nushell
> search-pkgs-local --install=false 5 ...["python2.7" "vim"]
╭──────────────┬──────────────────────────────╮
│ install │ false │
│ log_level │ 5 │
│ exclude │ [] │
│ repositories │ ["<local URI or something>"] │
│ pkgs │ ["python2.7", vim] │
╰──────────────┴──────────────────────────────╯
```
One thing I realized when writing this was that if we decide to not
allow passing optional arguments using the spread operator, then you can
(mis?)use the spread operator to skip optional parameters. Here, I
didn't want to give `exclude` explicitly, so I used a spread operator to
pass the packages to install. Without it, I would've needed to do
`search-pkgs-local --install=false 5 [] "python2.7" "vim"` (explicitly
pass `[]` (or `null`, in the general case) to `exclude`). There are
probably more idiomatic ways to do this, but I just thought it was
something interesting.
If you're a virologist of the [xkcd](https://xkcd.com/350/) kind,
another helper command you might make is this:
```nushell
# Install any packages it finds
def live-dangerously [ ...pkgs ] {
# One optional argument was given (exclude), while another was not (repositories)
search-pkgs 0 [] ...$pkgs --install # Flags can go after spread arguments
}
```
Running it:
```nushell
> live-dangerously "git" "*vi*" # *vi* because I don't feel like typing out vim and neovim
╭──────────────┬─────────────╮
│ install │ true │
│ log_level │ 0 │
│ exclude │ [] │
│ repositories │ null │
│ pkgs │ [git, *vi*] │
╰──────────────┴─────────────╯
```
Here's an example that uses the spread operator more than once within
the same command call:
```nushell
let extras = [ chrome firefox python java git ]
def search-pkgs-curated [ ...pkgs ] {
(search-pkgs
1
[emacs]
["example.com", "foo.com"]
vim # A must for everyone!
...($pkgs | filter { |p| not ($p | str contains "*") }) # Remove packages with globs
python # Good tool to have
...$extras
--install=false
python3) # I forget, did I already put Python in extras?
}
```
Running it:
```nushell
> search-pkgs-curated "git" "*vi*"
╭──────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
│ install │ false │
│ log_level │ 1 │
│ exclude │ [emacs] │
│ repositories │ [example.com, foo.com] │
│ pkgs │ [vim, git, python, chrome, firefox, python, java, git, "python3"] │
╰──────────────┴───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
```
# Description
Currently, when writing a record, if you don't give the value for a
field, the syntax error highlights the entire record instead of
pinpointing the issue. Here's some examples:
```nushell
> { a: 2, 3 } # Missing colon (and value)
Error: nu::parser::parse_mismatch
× Parse mismatch during operation.
╭─[entry #2:1:1]
1 │ { a: 2, 3 }
· ─────┬─────
· ╰── expected record
╰────
> { a: 2, 3: } # Missing value
Error: nu::parser::parse_mismatch
× Parse mismatch during operation.
╭─[entry #3:1:1]
1 │ { a: 2, 3: }
· ──────┬─────
· ╰── expected record
╰────
> { a: 2, 3 4 } # Missing colon
Error: nu::parser::parse_mismatch
× Parse mismatch during operation.
╭─[entry #4:1:1]
1 │ { a: 2, 3 4 }
· ──────┬──────
· ╰── expected record
╰────
```
In all of them, the entire record is highlighted red because an
`Expr::Garbage` is returned covering that whole span:
This PR is for highlighting only the part inside the record that could
not be parsed. If the record literal is big, an error message pointing
to the start of where the parser thinks things went wrong should help
people fix their code.
# User-Facing Changes
Below are screenshots of the new errors:
If there's a stray record key right before the record ends, it
highlights only that key and tells the user it expected a colon after
it:
If the record ends before the value for the last field was given, it
highlights the key and colon of that field and tells the user it
expected a value after the colon:
If there are two consecutive expressions without a colon between them,
it highlights everything from the second expression to the end of the
record and tells the user it expected a colon. I was tempted to add a
help message suggesting adding a colon in between, but that may not
always be the right thing to do.
# Tests + Formatting
# After Submitting
# Description
`Expression::replace_in_variable` is only called in one place, and it is
called with `new_var_id` = `IN_VARIABLE_ID`. So, it ends up doing
nothing. E.g., adding `debug_assert_eq!(new_var_id, IN_VARIABLE_ID)` in
`replace_in_variable` does not trigger any panic.
# User-Facing Changes
Breaking change for `nu_protocol`.
# Description
While #11057 is merged, it's hard to tell the difference between
`--flag: bool` and `--flag`, and it makes user hard to read custom
commands' signature, and hard to use them correctly.
After discussion, I think we can deprecate `--flag: bool` usage, and
encourage using `--flag` instead.
# User-Facing Changes
The following code will raise warning message, but don't stop from
running.
```nushell
❯ def florb [--dry-run: bool, --another-flag] { "aaa" }; florb
Error: × Deprecated: --flag: bool
╭─[entry #7:1:1]
1 │ def florb [--dry-run: bool, --another-flag] { "aaa" }; florb
· ──┬─
· ╰── `--flag: bool` is deprecated. Please use `--flag` instead, more info: https://www.nushell.sh/book/custom_commands.html
╰────
aaa
```
cc @kubouch
# Tests + Formatting
Done
# After Submitting
- [ ] Add more information under
https://www.nushell.sh/book/custom_commands.html to indicate `--dry-run:
bool` is not allowed,
- [ ] remove `: bool` from custom commands between 0.89 and 0.90
---------
Co-authored-by: Antoine Stevan <44101798+amtoine@users.noreply.github.com>
