Bump to 0.35 (#3884 )

Add the nu-serde crate (#3878 )
* Add the nu-serde crate nu-serde is a crate that can be used to turn a value implementing `serde::Serialize` into a `nu-protocol::Value`. This has the potential to significantly simplify plugin authorship. This crate was the previously independent [serde-nu](https://github.com/lily-mara/serde-nu) but the nushell maintainers expressed an interest in having it added to the mainline nushell repository. * fixup! Add the nu-serde crate
2025-07-01 07:00:37 +02:00 · 2021-08-03 20:01:09 +12:00 · 2021-07-31 22:03:13 -05:00 · 2021-07-31 09:02:32 -05:00 · 2021-07-31 09:01:05 -05:00 · 2021-07-31 09:10:28 +12:00
209 changed files with 7652 additions and 2407 deletions
--- a/.azure/azure-pipelines.yml
+++ b/.azure/azure-pipelines.yml
@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ steps:
  - bash: RUSTFLAGS="-D warnings" cargo test --all
    condition: eq(variables['style'], 'unflagged')
    displayName: Run tests
-  - bash: RUSTFLAGS="-D warnings" cargo clippy --all -- -D clippy::unwrap_used
+  - bash: RUSTFLAGS="-D warnings" cargo clippy --all -- -D clippy::unwrap_used -A clippy::needless_collect
    condition: eq(variables['style'], 'unflagged')
    displayName: Check clippy lints
  - bash: cd samples/wasm && npm install wasm-pack && node ./node_modules/wasm-pack/run.js build
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md
@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
---
-name: Bug report
-about: Create a report to help us improve
-title: ''
-labels: ''
-assignees: ''
-
---
-
-**Describe the bug**
-A clear and concise description of what the bug is.
-
-**To Reproduce**
-Steps to reproduce the behavior:
-1.
-2.
-3.
-
-**Expected behavior**
-A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen.
-
-**Screenshots**
-If applicable, add screenshots to help explain your problem.
-
-**Configuration (please complete the following information):**
-
-Run `version | pivot` and paste the output to show OS, features, etc.
-
-```
-> version | pivot
-╭───┬────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
-│ # │ Column0            │ Column1                                                               │
-├───┼────────────────────┼───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
-│ 0 │ version            │ 0.24.1                                                                │
-│ 1 │ build_os           │ macos-x86_64                                                          │
-│ 2 │ rust_version       │ rustc 1.48.0                                                          │
-│ 3 │ cargo_version      │ cargo 1.48.0                                                          │
-│ 4 │ pkg_version        │ 0.24.1                                                                │
-│ 5 │ build_time         │ 2020-12-18 09:54:09                                                   │
-│ 6 │ build_rust_channel │ release                                                               │
-│ 7 │ features           │ ctrlc, default, directories, dirs, git, ichwh, rich-benchmark,        │
-│   │                    │ rustyline, term, uuid, which, zip                                     │
-╰───┴────────────────────┴───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
-```
-
-
-**Add any other context about the problem here.**
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+name: Bug Report
+description: Create a report to help us improve
+body:
+  - type: textarea
+    id: description
+    attributes:
+      label: Describe the Bug
+      description: A clear and concise description of what the bug is.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: repro
+    attributes:
+      label: To Reproduce
+      description: Steps to reproduce the behavior
+      placeholder: |
+        1.
+        2.
+        3.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: expected
+    attributes:
+      label: Expected behavior
+      description: A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen.
+      placeholder: I expected nu to...
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: screenshots
+    attributes:
+      label: Screenshots
+      description: Please add any relevant screenshots here, if any
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: config
+    attributes:
+      label: Configuration
+      description: "Please run `> version | pivot` and paste the output to show OS, features, etc"
+      placeholder: |
+        > version | pivot
+        ╭───┬────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
+        │ # │ Column0            │ Column1                                                               │
+        ├───┼────────────────────┼───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+        │ 0 │ version            │ 0.24.1                                                                │
+        │ 1 │ build_os           │ macos-x86_64                                                          │
+        │ 2 │ rust_version       │ rustc 1.48.0                                                          │
+        │ 3 │ cargo_version      │ cargo 1.48.0                                                          │
+        │ 4 │ pkg_version        │ 0.24.1                                                                │
+        │ 5 │ build_time         │ 2020-12-18 09:54:09                                                   │
+        │ 6 │ build_rust_channel │ release                                                               │
+        │ 7 │ features           │ ctrlc, default, directories, dirs, git, ichwh, rich-benchmark,        │
+        │   │                    │ rustyline, term, uuid, which, zip                                     │
+        ╰───┴────────────────────┴───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: context
+    attributes:
+      label: Additional Context
+      description: Add any other context about the problem here.
+    validations:
+      required: false
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md
@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
---
-name: Feature request
-about: Suggest an idea for this project
-title: ''
-labels: ''
-assignees: ''
-
---
-
-**Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.**
-A clear and concise description of what the problem is. Ex. I'm always frustrated when [...]
-
-**Describe the solution you'd like**
-A clear and concise description of what you want to happen.
-
-**Describe alternatives you've considered**
-A clear and concise description of any alternative solutions or features you've considered.
-
-**Additional context**
-Add any other context or screenshots about the feature request here.
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yml
@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+name: Feature Request
+description: "When you want a new feature for something that doesn't already exist"
+body:
+  - type: textarea
+    id: problem
+    attributes:
+      label: Related Problem
+      description: Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.
+      placeholder: |
+        A clear and concise description of what the problem is.
+        Example: I am trying to do [...] but [...]
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: desired
+    attributes:
+      label: "Describe the solution you'd like"
+      description: A clear and concise description of what you want to happen.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: alternatives
+    attributes:
+      label: "Describe alternatives you've considered"
+      description: "A clear and concise description of any alternative solutions or features you've considered."
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: context
+    attributes:
+      label: Additional Context and Details
+      description: Add any other context or screenshots about the feature request here.
+    validations:
+      required: false
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@ -162,8 +162,6 @@ jobs:
      - linux
      - macos
      - windows
-    outputs:
-      version: ${{ steps.info.outputs.version }}
    steps:
      - name: Check out code
        uses: actions/checkout@v2
@ -285,19 +283,4 @@ jobs:
          upload_url: ${{ steps.create_release.outputs.upload_url }}
          asset_path: ./nushell-windows.msi
          asset_name: ${{ steps.info.outputs.windowsdir }}.msi
-          asset_content_type: applictaion/x-msi
-
-  winget:
-    name: Publish winget package
-    runs-on: windows-latest
-    needs: release
-    steps:
-      - name: Submit package to Windows Package Manager Community Repository
-        run: |
-          iwr https://aka.ms/wingetcreate/latest -OutFile wingetcreate.exe
-          $nushellVersion="${{ needs.release.outputs.version }}"
-          $nushellInstallerName="nu_$($nushellVersion -replace '\.','_')_windows.msi"
-          $installerUrl = "https://github.com/nushell/nushell/releases/download/$nushellVersion/$nushellInstallerName"
-          .\wingetcreate.exe update Nushell.Nushell -v $nushellVersion -u $installerUrl -t ${{ secrets.NUSHELL_PAT }}
-    
-    
+          asset_content_type: application/x-msi
--- a/.github/workflows/stale.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/stale.yml
@ -19,11 +19,11 @@ jobs:
          operations-per-run: 520
          enable-statistics: true
          repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          stale-issue-message: 'This issue is being marked stale because it has been open for 30 days without activity. If you feel that this is in error, please comment below and we will keep it marked as active.'
+          stale-issue-message: 'This issue is being marked stale because it has been open for 90 days without activity. If you feel that this is in error, please comment below and we will keep it marked as active.'
          stale-pr-message: 'This PR is being marked stale because it has been open for 45 days without activity. If this PR is still active, please comment below and we will keep it marked as active.'
          close-issue-message: 'This issue has been marked stale for more than 10 days without activity. Closing this issue, but if you find that the issue is still valid, please reopen.'
          close-pr-message: 'This PR has been marked stale for more than 10 days without activity. Closing this PR, but if you are still working on it, please reopen.'
-          days-before-issue-stale: 30
+          days-before-issue-stale: 90
          days-before-pr-stale: 45
          days-before-issue-close: 10
          days-before-pr-close: 10
--- a/.github/workflows/winget-submission.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/winget-submission.yml
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+name: Submit Nushell package to Windows Package Manager Community Repository 
+
+on:
+  release:
+    types: [published]
+
+jobs:
+
+  winget:
+    name: Publish winget package
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Submit package to Windows Package Manager Community Repository
+        run: |
+          iwr https://aka.ms/wingetcreate/latest -OutFile wingetcreate.exe
+          $github = Get-Content '${{ github.event_path }}' | ConvertFrom-Json
+          $installerUrl = $github.release.assets | Where-Object -Property name -match 'windows.msi' | Select -ExpandProperty browser_download_url -First 1
+          .\wingetcreate.exe update Nushell.Nushell -s -v $github.release.tag_name -u $installerUrl -t ${{ secrets.NUSHELL_PAT }}
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@ -746,6 +746,15 @@ dependencies = [
 "winapi 0.3.9",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "chrono-humanize"
+version = "0.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2eddc119501d583fd930cb92144e605f44e0252c38dd89d9247fffa1993375cb"
+dependencies = [
+ "chrono",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "chrono-tz"
 version = "0.5.3"
@ -1315,6 +1324,15 @@ dependencies = [
 "winapi 0.3.9",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "dirs"
+version = "3.0.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "30baa043103c9d0c2a57cf537cc2f35623889dc0d405e6c3cccfadbc81c71309"
+dependencies = [
+ "dirs-sys",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "dirs-next"
 version = "2.0.0"
@ -2491,6 +2509,21 @@ dependencies = [
 "adler32",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "insta"
+version = "1.7.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c4a1b21a2971cea49ca4613c0e9fe8225ecaf5de64090fddc6002284726e9244"
+dependencies = [
+ "console",
+ "lazy_static 1.4.0",
+ "serde 1.0.126",
+ "serde_json",
+ "serde_yaml",
+ "similar",
+ "uuid",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "instant"
 version = "0.1.9"
@ -2812,6 +2845,17 @@ version = "0.1.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7ffc5c5338469d4d3ea17d269fa8ea3512ad247247c30bd2df69e68309ed0a08"

+[[package]]
+name = "md-5"
+version = "0.9.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7b5a279bb9607f9f53c22d496eade00d138d1bdcccd07d74650387cf94942a15"
+dependencies = [
+ "block-buffer 0.9.0",
+ "digest 0.9.0",
+ "opaque-debug",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "md5"
 version = "0.6.1"
@ -3109,7 +3153,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "ctrlc",
 "dunce",
@ -3154,7 +3198,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-ansi-term"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "doc-comment",
 "itertools",
@ -3167,10 +3211,11 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-cli"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "ctrlc",
 "indexmap",
+ "lazy_static 1.4.0",
 "log",
 "nu-ansi-term",
 "nu-command",
@ -3192,7 +3237,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-command"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "Inflector",
 "arboard",
@ -3208,6 +3253,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "csv",
 "ctrlc",
 "derive-new",
+ "digest 0.9.0",
 "directories-next",
 "dirs-next",
 "dtparse",
@ -3226,7 +3272,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "itertools",
 "lazy_static 1.4.0",
 "log",
- "md5 0.7.0",
+ "md-5",
 "meval",
 "minus",
 "nu-ansi-term",
@ -3290,7 +3336,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-completion"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "dirs-next",
 "indexmap",
@ -3308,7 +3354,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-data"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "bigdecimal",
 "byte-unit",
@ -3330,7 +3376,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "num-bigint 0.3.2",
 "num-format",
 "num-traits 0.2.14",
- "polars",
 "query_interface",
 "serde 1.0.126",
 "sha2 0.9.5",
@ -3341,7 +3386,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-engine"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "ansi_term 0.12.1",
 "async-recursion",
@ -3396,7 +3441,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-errors"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "bigdecimal",
 "codespan-reporting",
@ -3415,7 +3460,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-json"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "dunce",
 "lazy_static 1.4.0",
@ -3429,7 +3474,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-parser"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "bigdecimal",
 "codespan-reporting",
@ -3452,7 +3497,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-path"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "dirs-next",
 "dunce",
@ -3460,7 +3505,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-plugin"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "bigdecimal",
 "indexmap",
@ -3476,7 +3521,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-pretty-hex"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "heapless",
 "nu-ansi-term",
@ -3485,11 +3530,12 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-protocol"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "bigdecimal",
 "byte-unit",
 "chrono",
+ "chrono-humanize",
 "derive-new",
 "getset",
 "indexmap",
@ -3507,9 +3553,21 @@ dependencies = [
 "toml",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "nu-serde"
+version = "0.35.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "bigdecimal",
+ "insta",
+ "nu-protocol",
+ "nu-source",
+ "serde 1.0.126",
+ "thiserror",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "nu-source"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "derive-new",
 "getset",
@ -3520,7 +3578,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-stream"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "futures 0.3.15",
 "nu-errors",
@ -3530,7 +3588,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-table"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "nu-ansi-term",
 "regex",
@ -3539,7 +3597,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-test-support"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "bigdecimal",
 "chrono",
@ -3558,7 +3616,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-value-ext"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "indexmap",
 "itertools",
@ -3570,7 +3628,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_binaryview"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "crossterm",
 "image 0.22.5",
@ -3586,7 +3644,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_chart"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "crossterm",
 "nu-data",
@ -3600,7 +3658,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_fetch"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "base64",
 "futures 0.3.15",
@ -3615,7 +3673,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_from_bson"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "bigdecimal",
 "bson",
@ -3641,7 +3699,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_from_sqlite"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "bigdecimal",
 "nu-errors",
@ -3656,7 +3714,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_inc"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "nu-errors",
 "nu-plugin",
@ -3669,7 +3727,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_match"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "nu-errors",
 "nu-plugin",
@ -3680,7 +3738,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_post"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "base64",
 "futures 0.3.15",
@ -3697,7 +3755,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_ps"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "futures 0.3.15",
 "futures-timer",
@ -3711,7 +3769,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_query_json"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "gjson",
 "nu-errors",
@ -3723,7 +3781,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_s3"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "futures 0.3.15",
 "nu-errors",
@ -3735,7 +3793,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_selector"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "nipper",
 "nu-errors",
@ -3747,7 +3805,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_start"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "glob",
 "nu-errors",
@ -3761,7 +3819,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_sys"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "futures 0.3.15",
 "futures-util",
@ -3775,7 +3833,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_textview"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "bat",
 "nu-ansi-term",
@ -3790,7 +3848,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_to_bson"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "bson",
 "nu-errors",
@ -3803,7 +3861,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_to_sqlite"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "hex 0.4.3",
 "nu-errors",
@ -3818,7 +3876,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_tree"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "derive-new",
 "nu-errors",
@ -3830,7 +3888,7 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "nu_plugin_xpath"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 dependencies = [
 "bigdecimal",
 "indexmap",
@ -4419,9 +4477,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "polars"
-version = "0.14.5"
+version = "0.14.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2f254b79757346a86a8371ea4a087ce6a56e604c82d61093a1b85bfd0df99aeb"
+checksum = "9ed1645f3daba885ecedef8a76839536bfc7263f1e4fc0b67b27282f19325756"
 dependencies = [
 "polars-core",
 "polars-io",
@ -4430,9 +4488,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "polars-arrow"
-version = "0.14.5"
+version = "0.14.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ec1ef88e60b660c51644a5b098570519948d95f389b67ef690a0f1187395d7bf"
+checksum = "5943252213fbd21e26b62240f5bb73f5d874e1072ed93234c6860781a4c366f2"
 dependencies = [
 "arrow",
 "num 0.4.0",
@ -4441,9 +4499,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "polars-core"
-version = "0.14.5"
+version = "0.14.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9e5e6ee23eb50845501c8c31368051af75801185cf4bedf9e7b3ec945a49af9c"
+checksum = "df43d51c6314623deafdd1266ca9a8431f087d9d345fffc8eeb16508aec69fee"
 dependencies = [
 "ahash",
 "anyhow",
@ -4462,21 +4520,23 @@ dependencies = [
 "rayon",
 "regex",
 "serde 1.0.126",
+ "serde_json",
 "thiserror",
 "unsafe_unwrap",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "polars-io"
-version = "0.14.5"
+version = "0.14.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "94e8719cdb70555e0492dd24e8f09f637cc112bac438be754bad8dca75f466ab"
+checksum = "cd998aab494826fb08d9c83763fc2925c9aa4eab2e4b349416bb174b9b300a3a"
 dependencies = [
 "ahash",
 "anyhow",
 "arrow",
 "csv",
 "csv-core",
+ "dirs 3.0.2",
 "fast-float",
 "lazy_static 1.4.0",
 "lexical",
@ -4488,13 +4548,14 @@ dependencies = [
 "polars-core",
 "rayon",
 "regex",
+ "simdutf8",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "polars-lazy"
-version = "0.14.5"
+version = "0.14.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7ca6b2fb59bbe6725a84c48df12f509b4655d173cd113e5fb51f971cff1f93bc"
+checksum = "6596b6d1cf1e378976ad9f5d2abe88ba08f112684ca1b67fbe89b97832c9f11d"
 dependencies = [
 "ahash",
 "itertools",
@ -5576,6 +5637,18 @@ dependencies = [
 "libc",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "simdutf8"
+version = "0.1.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c970da16e7c682fa90a261cf0724dee241c9f7831635ecc4e988ae8f3b505559"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "similar"
+version = "1.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1ad1d488a557b235fc46dae55512ffbfc429d2482b08b4d9435ab07384ca8aec"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "siphasher"
 version = "0.3.5"
@ -5976,7 +6049,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "edd106a334b7657c10b7c540a0106114feadeb4dc314513e97df481d5d966f42"
 dependencies = [
 "byteorder",
- "dirs",
+ "dirs 1.0.5",
 "winapi 0.3.9",
 ]

--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ license = "MIT"
 name = "nu"
 readme = "README.md"
 repository = "https://github.com/nushell/nushell"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"

 [workspace]
 members = ["crates/*/"]
@ -18,38 +18,38 @@ members = ["crates/*/"]
 # See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html

 [dependencies]
-nu-cli = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu-cli", default-features=false }
-nu-command = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu-command" }
-nu-completion = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu-completion" }
-nu-data = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu-data" }
-nu-engine = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu-engine" }
-nu-errors = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu-errors" }
-nu-parser = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu-parser" }
-nu-path = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu-path" }
-nu-plugin = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu-plugin" }
-nu-protocol = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu-protocol" }
-nu-source = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu-source" }
-nu-value-ext = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu-value-ext" }
+nu-cli = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu-cli", default-features=false }
+nu-command = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu-command" }
+nu-completion = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu-completion" }
+nu-data = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu-data" }
+nu-engine = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu-engine" }
+nu-errors = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu-errors" }
+nu-parser = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu-parser" }
+nu-path = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu-path" }
+nu-plugin = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu-plugin" }
+nu-protocol = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu-protocol" }
+nu-source = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu-source" }
+nu-value-ext = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu-value-ext" }

-nu_plugin_binaryview = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_binaryview", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_chart = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_chart", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_fetch = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_fetch", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_from_bson = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_from_bson", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_from_sqlite = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_from_sqlite", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_inc = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_inc", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_match = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_match", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_post = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_post", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_ps = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_ps", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_query_json = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_query_json", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_s3 = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_s3", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_selector = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_selector", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_start = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_start", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_sys = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_sys", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_textview = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_textview", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_to_bson = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_to_bson", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_to_sqlite = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_to_sqlite", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_tree = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_tree", optional=true }
-nu_plugin_xpath = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_xpath", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_binaryview = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_binaryview", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_chart = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_chart", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_fetch = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_fetch", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_from_bson = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_from_bson", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_from_sqlite = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_from_sqlite", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_inc = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_inc", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_match = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_match", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_post = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_post", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_ps = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_ps", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_query_json = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_query_json", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_s3 = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_s3", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_selector = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_selector", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_start = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_start", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_sys = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_sys", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_textview = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_textview", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_to_bson = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_to_bson", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_to_sqlite = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_to_sqlite", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_tree = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_tree", optional=true }
+nu_plugin_xpath = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu_plugin_xpath", optional=true }

 # Required to bootstrap the main binary
 ctrlc = { version="3.1.7", optional=true }
@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ futures = { version="0.3.12", features=["compat", "io-compat"] }
 itertools = "0.10.0"

 [dev-dependencies]
-nu-test-support = { version = "0.34.0", path="./crates/nu-test-support" }
+nu-test-support = { version = "0.35.0", path="./crates/nu-test-support" }
 dunce = "1.0.1"
 serial_test = "0.5.1"
 hamcrest2 = "0.3.0"
--- a/crates/nu-ansi-term/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/nu-ansi-term/Cargo.toml
@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ description = "Library for ANSI terminal colors and styles (bold, underline)"
 edition = "2018"
 license = "MIT"
 name = "nu-ansi-term"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"

 [lib]
 doctest = false
--- a/crates/nu-cli/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/nu-cli/Cargo.toml
@ -4,23 +4,23 @@ description = "CLI for nushell"
 edition = "2018"
 license = "MIT"
 name = "nu-cli"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"
 build = "build.rs"

 [lib]
 doctest = false

 [dependencies]
-nu-completion = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-completion" }
-nu-command = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-command" }
-nu-data = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-data" }
-nu-engine = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-engine" }
-nu-errors = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-errors" }
-nu-parser = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-parser" }
-nu-protocol = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-protocol" }
-nu-source = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-source" }
-nu-stream = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-stream" }
-nu-ansi-term = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-ansi-term" }
+nu-completion = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-completion" }
+nu-command = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-command" }
+nu-data = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-data" }
+nu-engine = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-engine" }
+nu-errors = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-errors" }
+nu-parser = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-parser" }
+nu-protocol = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-protocol" }
+nu-source = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-source" }
+nu-stream = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-stream" }
+nu-ansi-term = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-ansi-term" }

 indexmap ="1.6.1"
 log = "0.4.14"
@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ ctrlc = { version="3.1.7", optional=true }
 shadow-rs = { version="0.6", default-features=false, optional=true }
 serde = { version="1.0.123", features=["derive"] }
 serde_yaml = "0.8.16"
+lazy_static = "1.4.0"

 [build-dependencies]
 shadow-rs = "0.6"
--- a/crates/nu-cli/src/app.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-cli/src/app.rs
@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 mod logger;
 mod options;
 mod options_parser;
+pub mod stopwatch;

-pub use options::{CliOptions, NuScript, Options};
-use options_parser::{NuParser, OptionsParser};
-
+use self::stopwatch::Stopwatch;
+use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 use nu_command::{commands::NuSignature as Nu, utils::test_bins as binaries};
 use nu_engine::{get_full_help, EvaluationContext};
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
@ -12,6 +12,18 @@ use nu_protocol::hir::{Call, Expression, SpannedExpression, Synthetic};
 use nu_protocol::{Primitive, UntaggedValue};
 use nu_source::{Span, Tag};
 use nu_stream::InputStream;
+pub use options::{CliOptions, NuScript, Options};
+use options_parser::{NuParser, OptionsParser};
+use std::sync::Mutex;
+
+lazy_static! {
+    pub static ref STOPWATCH: Mutex<Stopwatch> = {
+        let mut sw = Stopwatch::default();
+        sw.start();
+        sw.stop();
+        Mutex::new(sw)
+    };
+}

 pub struct App {
    parser: Box<dyn OptionsParser>,
@ -32,6 +44,14 @@ impl App {
    }

    pub fn main(&self, argv: &[String]) -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        if self.perf() {
+            // start the stopwatch running
+            STOPWATCH
+                .lock()
+                .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                .start();
+        }
+
        let argv = quote_positionals(argv).join(" ");

        if let Err(cause) = self.parse(&argv) {
@ -52,6 +72,21 @@ impl App {

            consume(context, stream)?;

+            if self.perf() {
+                // stop the stopwatch since we're exiting
+                STOPWATCH
+                    .lock()
+                    .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                    .stop();
+                eprintln!(
+                    "help {:?}",
+                    STOPWATCH
+                        .lock()
+                        .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                        .elapsed()
+                );
+            }
+
            std::process::exit(0);
        }

@ -93,6 +128,22 @@ impl App {
            };

            consume(context, stream)?;
+
+            if self.perf() {
+                // stop the stopwatch since we're exiting
+                STOPWATCH
+                    .lock()
+                    .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                    .stop();
+                eprintln!(
+                    "version {:?}",
+                    STOPWATCH
+                        .lock()
+                        .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                        .elapsed()
+                );
+            }
+
            std::process::exit(0);
        }

@ -113,21 +164,29 @@ impl App {
        }

        let mut opts = CliOptions::new();
-
        opts.config = self.config().map(std::ffi::OsString::from);
        opts.stdin = self.takes_stdin();
        opts.save_history = self.save_history();
+        opts.perf = self.perf();

        use logger::{configure, debug_filters, logger, trace_filters};

        logger(|builder| {
-            configure(&self, builder)?;
-            trace_filters(&self, builder)?;
-            debug_filters(&self, builder)?;
+            configure(self, builder)?;
+            trace_filters(self, builder)?;
+            debug_filters(self, builder)?;

            Ok(())
        })?;

+        if self.perf() {
+            // start a new split
+            STOPWATCH
+                .lock()
+                .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                .start()
+        }
+
        if let Some(commands) = self.commands() {
            let commands = commands?;
            let script = NuScript::code(&commands)?;
@ -136,6 +195,21 @@ impl App {
            return crate::run_script_file(context, opts);
        }

+        if self.perf() {
+            // start a new spit
+            eprintln!(
+                "commands using -c at launch: {:?}",
+                STOPWATCH
+                    .lock()
+                    .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                    .elapsed_split()
+            );
+            STOPWATCH
+                .lock()
+                .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                .start();
+        }
+
        if let Some(scripts) = self.scripts() {
            let mut source_files = vec![];
            for script in scripts {
@ -162,12 +236,38 @@ impl App {
            return Ok(());
        }

+        if self.perf() {
+            // start a new split
+            eprintln!(
+                "script file(s) passed in: {:?}",
+                STOPWATCH
+                    .lock()
+                    .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                    .elapsed_split()
+            );
+            STOPWATCH
+                .lock()
+                .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                .start();
+        }
+
        let context = crate::create_default_context(true)?;

        if !self.skip_plugins() {
            let _ = crate::register_plugins(&context);
        }

+        if self.perf() {
+            // start a new split
+            eprintln!(
+                "plugins registered: {:?}",
+                STOPWATCH
+                    .lock()
+                    .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                    .elapsed_split()
+            );
+        }
+
        #[cfg(feature = "rustyline-support")]
        {
            crate::cli(context, opts)?;
@ -189,6 +289,13 @@ impl App {
        })
    }

+    pub fn perf(&self) -> bool {
+        self.options
+            .get("perf")
+            .map(|v| matches!(v.as_bool(), Ok(true)))
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+    }
+
    pub fn help(&self) -> bool {
        self.options
            .get("help")
@ -298,7 +405,7 @@ impl App {
    }

    pub fn parse(&self, args: &str) -> Result<(), ShellError> {
-        self.parser.parse(&args).map(|options| {
+        self.parser.parse(args).map(|options| {
            self.options.swap(&options);
        })
    }
--- a/crates/nu-cli/src/app/options.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-cli/src/app/options.rs
@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ pub struct CliOptions {
    pub stdin: bool,
    pub scripts: Vec<NuScript>,
    pub save_history: bool,
+    pub perf: bool,
 }

 impl Default for CliOptions {
@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ impl CliOptions {
            stdin: false,
            scripts: vec![],
            save_history: true,
+            perf: false,
        }
    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-cli/src/app/options_parser.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-cli/src/app/options_parser.rs
@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ impl OptionsParser for NuParser {
                                .flatten();

                        if let Some(value) = value {
-                            options.put(&k, value);
+                            options.put(k, value);
                        }
                    });
                }
--- a/crates/nu-cli/src/app/stopwatch.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-cli/src/app/stopwatch.rs
@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#![allow(dead_code)]
+use std::default::Default;
+use std::fmt;
+use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct Stopwatch {
+    /// The time the stopwatch was started last, if ever.
+    start_time: Option<Instant>,
+    /// The time the stopwatch was split last, if ever.
+    split_time: Option<Instant>,
+    /// The time elapsed while the stopwatch was running (between start() and stop()).
+    elapsed: Duration,
+}
+
+impl Default for Stopwatch {
+    fn default() -> Stopwatch {
+        Stopwatch {
+            start_time: None,
+            split_time: None,
+            elapsed: Duration::from_secs(0),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for Stopwatch {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        return write!(f, "{}ms", self.elapsed_ms());
+    }
+}
+
+impl Stopwatch {
+    /// Returns a new stopwatch.
+    pub fn new() -> Stopwatch {
+        let sw: Stopwatch = Default::default();
+        sw
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a new stopwatch which will immediately be started.
+    pub fn start_new() -> Stopwatch {
+        let mut sw = Stopwatch::new();
+        sw.start();
+        sw
+    }
+
+    /// Starts the stopwatch.
+    pub fn start(&mut self) {
+        self.start_time = Some(Instant::now());
+    }
+
+    /// Stops the stopwatch.
+    pub fn stop(&mut self) {
+        self.elapsed = self.elapsed();
+        self.start_time = None;
+        self.split_time = None;
+    }
+
+    /// Resets all counters and stops the stopwatch.
+    pub fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.elapsed = Duration::from_secs(0);
+        self.start_time = None;
+        self.split_time = None;
+    }
+
+    /// Resets and starts the stopwatch again.
+    pub fn restart(&mut self) {
+        self.reset();
+        self.start();
+    }
+
+    /// Returns whether the stopwatch is running.
+    pub fn is_running(&self) -> bool {
+        self.start_time.is_some()
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the elapsed time since the start of the stopwatch.
+    pub fn elapsed(&self) -> Duration {
+        match self.start_time {
+            // stopwatch is running
+            Some(t1) => t1.elapsed() + self.elapsed,
+            // stopwatch is not running
+            None => self.elapsed,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the elapsed time since the start of the stopwatch in milliseconds.
+    pub fn elapsed_ms(&self) -> i64 {
+        let dur = self.elapsed();
+        (dur.as_secs() * 1000 + dur.subsec_millis() as u64) as i64
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the elapsed time since last split or start/restart.
+    ///
+    /// If the stopwatch is in stopped state this will always return a zero Duration.
+    pub fn elapsed_split(&mut self) -> Duration {
+        match self.start_time {
+            // stopwatch is running
+            Some(start) => {
+                let res = match self.split_time {
+                    Some(split) => split.elapsed(),
+                    None => start.elapsed(),
+                };
+                self.split_time = Some(Instant::now());
+                res
+            }
+            // stopwatch is not running
+            None => Duration::from_secs(0),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the elapsed time since last split or start/restart in milliseconds.
+    ///
+    /// If the stopwatch is in stopped state this will always return zero.
+    pub fn elapsed_split_ms(&mut self) -> i64 {
+        let dur = self.elapsed_split();
+        (dur.as_secs() * 1000 + dur.subsec_millis() as u64) as i64
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-cli/src/cli.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-cli/src/cli.rs
@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use crate::app::STOPWATCH;
 use crate::line_editor::configure_ctrl_c;
 use nu_ansi_term::Color;
 use nu_engine::{maybe_print_errors, run_block, script::run_script_standalone, EvaluationContext};
@ -97,15 +98,26 @@ pub fn cli(
    } else {
        load_global_cfg(&context);
    }
+
    // Store cmd duration in an env var
    context.scope.add_env_var(
        "CMD_DURATION_MS",
        format!("{}", startup_commands_start_time.elapsed().as_millis()),
    );
-    trace!(
-        "startup commands took {:?}",
-        startup_commands_start_time.elapsed()
-    );
+
+    if options.perf {
+        eprintln!(
+            "config loaded: {:?}",
+            STOPWATCH
+                .lock()
+                .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                .elapsed_split()
+        );
+        STOPWATCH
+            .lock()
+            .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+            .start();
+    }

    //Configure rustyline
    let mut rl = default_rustyline_editor_configuration();
@ -118,11 +130,39 @@ pub fn cli(
        nu_data::config::path::default_history_path()
    };

+    if options.perf {
+        eprintln!(
+            "rustyline configuration: {:?}",
+            STOPWATCH
+                .lock()
+                .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                .elapsed_split()
+        );
+        STOPWATCH
+            .lock()
+            .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+            .start();
+    }
+
    // Don't load history if it's not necessary
    if options.save_history {
        let _ = rl.load_history(&history_path);
    }

+    if options.perf {
+        eprintln!(
+            "history load: {:?}",
+            STOPWATCH
+                .lock()
+                .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                .elapsed_split()
+        );
+        STOPWATCH
+            .lock()
+            .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+            .start();
+    }
+
    //set vars from cfg if present
    let (skip_welcome_message, prompt) = if let Some(cfg) = &context.configs().lock().global_config
    {
@ -136,6 +176,20 @@ pub fn cli(
        (false, None)
    };

+    if options.perf {
+        eprintln!(
+            "load custom prompt: {:?}",
+            STOPWATCH
+                .lock()
+                .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                .elapsed_split()
+        );
+        STOPWATCH
+            .lock()
+            .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+            .start();
+    }
+
    //Check whether dir we start in contains local cfg file and if so load it.
    load_local_cfg_if_present(&context);

@ -159,6 +213,20 @@ pub fn cli(

    let mut ctrlcbreak = false;

+    if options.perf {
+        eprintln!(
+            "timing stopped. starting run loop: {:?}",
+            STOPWATCH
+                .lock()
+                .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+                .elapsed_split()
+        );
+        STOPWATCH
+            .lock()
+            .expect("unable to lock the stopwatch")
+            .stop();
+    }
+
    loop {
        if context.ctrl_c().load(Ordering::SeqCst) {
            context.ctrl_c().store(false, Ordering::SeqCst);
--- a/crates/nu-cli/src/line_editor.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-cli/src/line_editor.rs
@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ pub fn rustyline_hinter(
 ) -> Option<rustyline::hint::HistoryHinter> {
    if let Some(line_editor_vars) = config.var("line_editor") {
        for (idx, value) in line_editor_vars.row_entries() {
-            if idx == "show_hints" && value.expect_string() == "false" {
+            if idx == "show_hints" && value.as_bool() == Ok(false) {
                return None;
            }
        }
--- a/crates/nu-cli/src/shell.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-cli/src/shell.rs
@ -90,7 +90,10 @@ impl rustyline::completion::Completer for Helper {
 impl rustyline::hint::Hinter for Helper {
    type Hint = String;
    fn hint(&self, line: &str, pos: usize, ctx: &rustyline::Context<'_>) -> Option<String> {
-        self.hinter.as_ref().and_then(|h| h.hint(line, pos, ctx))
+        match &self.hinter {
+            Some(the_hinter) => the_hinter.hint(line, pos, ctx),
+            None => Some("".to_string()),
+        }
    }
 }

--- a/crates/nu-command/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/nu-command/Cargo.toml
@ -5,27 +5,27 @@ description = "CLI for nushell"
 edition = "2018"
 license = "MIT"
 name = "nu-command"
-version = "0.34.0"
+version = "0.35.0"

 [lib]
 doctest = false

 [dependencies]
-nu-data = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-data" }
-nu-engine = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-engine" }
-nu-errors = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-errors" }
-nu-json = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-json" }
-nu-path = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-path" }
-nu-parser = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-parser" }
-nu-plugin = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-plugin" }
-nu-protocol = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-protocol" }
-nu-source = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-source" }
-nu-stream = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-stream" }
-nu-table = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-table" }
-nu-test-support = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-test-support" }
-nu-value-ext = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-value-ext" }
-nu-ansi-term = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-ansi-term" }
-nu-pretty-hex = { version = "0.34.0", path="../nu-pretty-hex" }
+nu-data = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-data" }
+nu-engine = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-engine" }
+nu-errors = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-errors" }
+nu-json = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-json" }
+nu-path = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-path" }
+nu-parser = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-parser" }
+nu-plugin = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-plugin" }
+nu-protocol = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-protocol" }
+nu-source = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-source" }
+nu-stream = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-stream" }
+nu-table = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-table" }
+nu-test-support = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-test-support" }
+nu-value-ext = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-value-ext" }
+nu-ansi-term = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-ansi-term" }
+nu-pretty-hex = { version = "0.35.0", path="../nu-pretty-hex" }

 Inflector = "0.11"
 arboard = { version="1.1.0", optional=true }
@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ indexmap = { version="1.7", features=["serde-1"] }
 itertools = "0.10.0"
 lazy_static = "1.*"
 log = "0.4.14"
-md5 = "0.7.0"
+md-5 = "0.9.1"
 meval = "0.2.0"
 minus = { version="3.4.0", optional=true, features=["async_std_lib", "search"] }
 num-bigint = { version="0.3.1", features=["serde"] }
@ -96,9 +96,10 @@ url = "2.2.0"
 uuid_crate = { package="uuid", version="0.8.2", features=["v4"], optional=true }
 which = { version="4.1.0", optional=true }
 zip = { version="0.5.9", optional=true }
+digest = "0.9.0"

 [dependencies.polars]
-version = "0.14.5"
+version = "0.14.8"
 optional = true
 features = ["parquet", "json", "random", "pivot", "strings", "is_in"]

--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/conversions/into/filepath.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/conversions/into/filepath.rs
@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use crate::prelude::*;
+use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
+use nu_errors::ShellError;
+use nu_protocol::{ColumnPath, Primitive, Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value};
+
+pub struct SubCommand;
+
+impl WholeStreamCommand for SubCommand {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        "into path"
+    }
+
+    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
+        Signature::build("into path").rest(
+            SyntaxShape::ColumnPath,
+            "column paths to convert to filepath (for table input)",
+        )
+    }
+
+    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
+        "Convert value to filepath"
+    }
+
+    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+        into_filepath(args)
+    }
+
+    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
+        vec![
+            Example {
+                description: "Convert string to filepath in table",
+                example: "echo [[name]; ['/dev/null'] ['C:\\Program Files'] ['../../Cargo.toml']] | into path name",
+                result: Some(vec![
+                    UntaggedValue::row(indexmap! {
+                        "name".to_string() => UntaggedValue::filepath("/dev/null").into(),
+                    })
+                    .into(),
+                    UntaggedValue::row(indexmap! {
+                        "name".to_string() => UntaggedValue::filepath("C:\\Program Files").into(),
+                    })
+                    .into(),
+                    UntaggedValue::row(indexmap! {
+                        "name".to_string() => UntaggedValue::filepath("../../Cargo.toml").into(),
+                    })
+                    .into(),
+                ]),
+            },
+            Example {
+                description: "Convert string to filepath",
+                example: "echo 'Cargo.toml' | into path",
+                result: Some(vec![UntaggedValue::filepath("Cargo.toml").into()]),
+            },
+        ]
+    }
+}
+
+fn into_filepath(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+    let column_paths: Vec<ColumnPath> = args.rest(0)?;
+
+    Ok(args
+        .input
+        .map(move |v| {
+            if column_paths.is_empty() {
+                action(&v, v.tag())
+            } else {
+                let mut ret = v;
+                for path in &column_paths {
+                    ret = ret.swap_data_by_column_path(
+                        path,
+                        Box::new(move |old| action(old, old.tag())),
+                    )?;
+                }
+
+                Ok(ret)
+            }
+        })
+        .into_input_stream())
+}
+
+pub fn action(input: &Value, tag: impl Into<Tag>) -> Result<Value, ShellError> {
+    let tag = tag.into();
+    match &input.value {
+        UntaggedValue::Primitive(prim) => Ok(UntaggedValue::filepath(match prim {
+            Primitive::String(a_string) => match filepath_from_string(a_string, &tag) {
+                Ok(n) => n,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    return Err(e);
+                }
+            },
+            Primitive::FilePath(a_filepath) => a_filepath.clone(),
+            _ => {
+                return Err(ShellError::unimplemented(
+                    "'into path' for non-string primitives",
+                ))
+            }
+        })
+        .into_value(&tag)),
+        UntaggedValue::Row(_) => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
+            "specify column name to use, with 'into path COLUMN'",
+            "found table",
+            tag,
+        )),
+        _ => Err(ShellError::unimplemented(
+            "'into path' for unsupported type",
+        )),
+    }
+}
+
+fn filepath_from_string(a_string: &str, _tag: &Tag) -> Result<PathBuf, ShellError> {
+    Ok(PathBuf::from(a_string))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::ShellError;
+    use super::SubCommand;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(SubCommand {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/conversions/into/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/conversions/into/mod.rs
@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 mod binary;
 mod command;
+mod filepath;
 mod int;
 pub mod string;

 pub use binary::SubCommand as IntoBinary;
 pub use command::Command as Into;
+pub use filepath::SubCommand as IntoFilepath;
 pub use int::SubCommand as IntoInt;
 pub use string::SubCommand as IntoString;
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/core_commands/describe.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/core_commands/describe.rs
@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ pub fn describe(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<ActionStream, ShellError> {
    Ok(args
        .input
        .map(|row| {
-            let name = value::format_type(&row, 100);
+            let name = value::plain_type(&row, 100);
            ReturnSuccess::value(
                UntaggedValue::string(name).into_value(Tag::unknown_anchor(row.tag.span)),
            )
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/core_commands/let_.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/core_commands/let_.rs
@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ pub fn letcmd(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<ActionStream, ShellError> {
        .expect("Internal error: type checker should require args");

    let var_name = positional[0].var_name()?;
-    let rhs_raw = evaluate_baseline_expr(&positional[2], &ctx)?;
+    let rhs_raw = evaluate_baseline_expr(&positional[2], ctx)?;
    let tag: Tag = positional[2].span.into();

    let rhs: CapturedBlock = FromValue::from_value(&rhs_raw)?;
@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ pub fn letcmd(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<ActionStream, ShellError> {
    };

    ctx.scope.enter_scope();
-    let value = evaluate_baseline_expr(expr, &ctx);
+    let value = evaluate_baseline_expr(expr, ctx);
    ctx.scope.exit_scope();

    let value = value?;
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/core_commands/nu_signature.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/core_commands/nu_signature.rs
@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for Command {
            .switch("stdin", "redirect stdin", None)
            .switch("skip-plugins", "do not load plugins", None)
            .switch("no-history", "don't save history", None)
+            .switch("perf", "show startup performance metrics", None)
            .named(
                "commands",
                SyntaxShape::String,
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/core_commands/source.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/core_commands/source.rs
@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ pub fn source(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<ActionStream, ShellError> {
    let contents = std::fs::read_to_string(&expand_path(Cow::Borrowed(Path::new(&filename.item))));
    match contents {
        Ok(contents) => {
-            let result = script::run_script_standalone(contents, true, &ctx, false);
+            let result = script::run_script_standalone(contents, true, ctx, false);

            if let Err(err) = result {
                ctx.error(err);
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/aggregate.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/aggregate.rs
@ -2,14 +2,11 @@ use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::{NuDataFrame, PolarsData},
-    Signature, SyntaxShape, TaggedDictBuilder, UntaggedValue, Value,
+    dataframe::{Column, FrameStruct, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue,
 };
 use nu_source::Tagged;
-use polars::{
-    frame::groupby::GroupBy,
-    prelude::{DataType, PolarsError, Series},
-};
+use polars::{frame::groupby::GroupBy, prelude::PolarsError};

 enum Operation {
    Mean,
@ -111,17 +108,40 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
                description: "Aggregate sum by grouping by column a and summing on col b",
                example:
                    "[[a b]; [one 1] [one 2]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe group-by a | dataframe aggregate sum",
-                result: None,
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![
+                        Column::new("a".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::string("one").into()]),
+                        Column::new("b".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(3).into()]),
+                    ],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
            Example {
                description: "Aggregate sum in dataframe columns",
                example: "[[a b]; [4 1] [5 2]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe aggregate sum",
-                result: None,
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![
+                        Column::new("a".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(9).into()]),
+                        Column::new("b".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(3).into()]),
+                    ],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
            Example {
                description: "Aggregate sum in series",
-                example: "[4 1 5 6] | dataframe to-series | dataframe aggregate sum",
-                result: None,
+                example: "[4 1 5 6] | dataframe to-df | dataframe aggregate sum",
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![
+                        Column::new("0".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(16).into()]),
+                    ],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
        ]
    }
@ -139,7 +159,7 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    })?;

    match value.value {
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::GroupBy(nu_groupby)) => {
+        UntaggedValue::FrameStruct(FrameStruct::GroupBy(nu_groupby)) => {
            let groupby = nu_groupby.to_groupby()?;

            let res = perform_groupby_aggregation(
@ -152,18 +172,13 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
        }
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::EagerDataFrame(df)) => {
+        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(df) => {
            let df = df.as_ref();

-            let res = perform_dataframe_aggregation(&df, op, &operation.tag)?;
+            let res = perform_dataframe_aggregation(df, op, &operation.tag)?;

            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
        }
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::Series(series)) => {
-            let value = perform_series_aggregation(series.as_ref(), op, &operation.tag)?;
-
-            Ok(OutputStream::one(value))
-        }
        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "No groupby, dataframe or series in stream",
            "no groupby, dataframe or series found in input stream",
@ -264,162 +279,15 @@ fn perform_dataframe_aggregation(
    }
 }

-fn perform_series_aggregation(
-    series: &Series,
-    operation: Operation,
-    operation_tag: &Tag,
-) -> Result<Value, ShellError> {
-    match operation {
-        Operation::Mean => {
-            let res = match series.mean() {
-                Some(val) => UntaggedValue::Primitive(val.into()),
-                None => UntaggedValue::Primitive(0.into()),
-            };
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;

-            let value = Value {
-                value: res,
-                tag: operation_tag.clone(),
-            };
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;

-            let mut data = TaggedDictBuilder::new(operation_tag.clone());
-            data.insert_value(series.name(), value);
-
-            Ok(data.into_value())
-        }
-        Operation::Median => {
-            let res = match series.median() {
-                Some(val) => UntaggedValue::Primitive(val.into()),
-                None => UntaggedValue::Primitive(0.into()),
-            };
-
-            let value = Value {
-                value: res,
-                tag: operation_tag.clone(),
-            };
-
-            let mut data = TaggedDictBuilder::new(operation_tag.clone());
-            data.insert_value(series.name(), value);
-
-            Ok(data.into_value())
-        }
-        Operation::Sum => {
-            let untagged = match series.dtype() {
-                DataType::Int8
-                | DataType::Int16
-                | DataType::Int32
-                | DataType::Int64
-                | DataType::UInt8
-                | DataType::UInt16
-                | DataType::UInt32
-                | DataType::UInt64 => {
-                    let res: i64 = series.sum().unwrap_or(0);
-                    Ok(UntaggedValue::Primitive(res.into()))
-                }
-                DataType::Float32 | DataType::Float64 => {
-                    let res: f64 = series.sum().unwrap_or(0.0);
-                    Ok(UntaggedValue::Primitive(res.into()))
-                }
-                _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
-                    "Not valid type",
-                    format!(
-                        "this operation can not be performed with series of type {}",
-                        series.dtype()
-                    ),
-                    &operation_tag.span,
-                )),
-            }?;
-
-            let value = Value {
-                value: untagged,
-                tag: operation_tag.clone(),
-            };
-
-            let mut data = TaggedDictBuilder::new(operation_tag.clone());
-            data.insert_value(series.name(), value);
-
-            Ok(data.into_value())
-        }
-        Operation::Max => {
-            let untagged = match series.dtype() {
-                DataType::Int8
-                | DataType::Int16
-                | DataType::Int32
-                | DataType::Int64
-                | DataType::UInt8
-                | DataType::UInt16
-                | DataType::UInt32
-                | DataType::UInt64 => {
-                    let res: i64 = series.max().unwrap_or(0);
-                    Ok(UntaggedValue::Primitive(res.into()))
-                }
-                DataType::Float32 | DataType::Float64 => {
-                    let res: f64 = series.max().unwrap_or(0.0);
-                    Ok(UntaggedValue::Primitive(res.into()))
-                }
-                _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
-                    "Not valid type",
-                    format!(
-                        "this operation can not be performed with series of type {}",
-                        series.dtype()
-                    ),
-                    &operation_tag.span,
-                )),
-            }?;
-
-            let value = Value {
-                value: untagged,
-                tag: operation_tag.clone(),
-            };
-
-            let mut data = TaggedDictBuilder::new(operation_tag.clone());
-            data.insert_value(series.name(), value);
-
-            Ok(data.into_value())
-        }
-        Operation::Min => {
-            let untagged = match series.dtype() {
-                DataType::Int8
-                | DataType::Int16
-                | DataType::Int32
-                | DataType::Int64
-                | DataType::UInt8
-                | DataType::UInt16
-                | DataType::UInt32
-                | DataType::UInt64 => {
-                    let res: i64 = series.min().unwrap_or(0);
-                    Ok(UntaggedValue::Primitive(res.into()))
-                }
-                DataType::Float32 | DataType::Float64 => {
-                    let res: f64 = series.min().unwrap_or(0.0);
-                    Ok(UntaggedValue::Primitive(res.into()))
-                }
-                _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
-                    "Not valid type",
-                    format!(
-                        "this operation can not be performed with series of type {}",
-                        series.dtype()
-                    ),
-                    &operation_tag.span,
-                )),
-            }?;
-
-            let value = Value {
-                value: untagged,
-                tag: operation_tag.clone(),
-            };
-
-            let mut data = TaggedDictBuilder::new(operation_tag.clone());
-            data.insert_value(series.name(), value);
-
-            Ok(data.into_value())
-        }
-
-        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error_with_secondary(
-            "Not valid operation",
-            "operation not valid for series",
-            &operation_tag.span,
-            "Perhaps you want: mean, median, sum, max, min",
-            &operation_tag.span,
-        )),
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/append.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/append.rs
@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+use crate::prelude::*;
+use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
+use nu_errors::ShellError;
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Axis, Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
+};
+use nu_source::Tagged;
+
+pub struct DataFrame;
+
+impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        "dataframe append"
+    }
+
+    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
+        "[DataFrame] Appends a new dataframe"
+    }
+
+    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
+        Signature::build("dataframe append")
+            .required_named(
+                "other",
+                SyntaxShape::Any,
+                "dataframe to be appended",
+                Some('o'),
+            )
+            .required_named(
+                "axis",
+                SyntaxShape::String,
+                "row or col axis orientation",
+                Some('a'),
+            )
+    }
+
+    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+        command(args)
+    }
+
+    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
+        vec![
+            Example {
+                description: "Appends a dataframe as new columns",
+                example: r#"let a = ([[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df);
+    $a | dataframe append -o $a -a row"#,
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![
+                        Column::new(
+                            "a".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into(), UntaggedValue::int(3).into()],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "b".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into(), UntaggedValue::int(4).into()],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "a_x".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into(), UntaggedValue::int(3).into()],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "b_x".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into(), UntaggedValue::int(4).into()],
+                        ),
+                    ],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+            },
+            Example {
+                description: "Appends a dataframe merging at the end of columns",
+                example: r#"let a = ([[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df);
+    $a | dataframe append -o $a -a col"#,
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![
+                        Column::new(
+                            "a".to_string(),
+                            vec![
+                                UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(3).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(3).into(),
+                            ],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "b".to_string(),
+                            vec![
+                                UntaggedValue::int(2).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(4).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(2).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(4).into(),
+                            ],
+                        ),
+                    ],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+            },
+        ]
+    }
+}
+
+fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
+    let other: Value = args.req_named("other")?;
+    let axis: Tagged<String> = args.req_named("axis")?;
+
+    let axis = Axis::try_from_str(axis.item.as_str(), &axis.tag.span)?;
+
+    let df_other = match other.value {
+        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(df) => Ok(df),
+        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
+            "Incorrect type",
+            "can only append a dataframe to a dataframe",
+            other.tag.span,
+        )),
+    }?;
+
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+
+    let df_new = df.append_df(&df_other, axis, &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df_new.into_value(tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/column.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/column.rs
@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::{NuDataFrame, NuSeries},
-    Signature, SyntaxShape,
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue,
 };

 use nu_source::Tagged;
@ -32,7 +32,15 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Returns the selected column as series",
            example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe column a",
-            result: None,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "a".to_string(),
+                    vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into(), UntaggedValue::int(3).into()],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -41,15 +49,26 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
    let column: Tagged<String> = args.req(0)?;

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

    let res = df
        .as_ref()
        .column(column.item.as_ref())
        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &column.tag.span, None))?;

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-        res.clone(),
-        tag,
-    )))
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.clone()], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/drop.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/drop.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuDataFrame, Signature, SyntaxShape, Value};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
+};

 use super::utils::{convert_columns, parse_polars_error};

@ -28,7 +31,15 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
        vec![Example {
            description: "drop column a",
            example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe drop a",
-            result: None,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "b".to_string(),
+                    vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into(), UntaggedValue::int(4).into()],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -39,7 +50,7 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let columns: Vec<Value> = args.rest(0)?;
    let (col_string, col_span) = convert_columns(&columns, &tag)?;

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

    let new_df = match col_string.get(0) {
        Some(col) => df
@ -63,3 +74,16 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/drop_duplicates.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/drop_duplicates.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuDataFrame, Signature, SyntaxShape, Value};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
+};

 use super::utils::{convert_columns, parse_polars_error};

@ -34,7 +37,21 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
        vec![Example {
            description: "drop duplicates",
            example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4] [1 2]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe drop-duplicates",
-            result: None,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![
+                    Column::new(
+                        "a".to_string(),
+                        vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into(), UntaggedValue::int(3).into()],
+                    ),
+                    Column::new(
+                        "b".to_string(),
+                        vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into(), UntaggedValue::int(4).into()],
+                    ),
+                ],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -52,7 +69,7 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        None => (None, Span::unknown()),
    };

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

    let subset_slice = subset.as_ref().map(|cols| &cols[..]);

@ -63,3 +80,16 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/drop_nulls.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/drop_nulls.rs
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::{NuDataFrame, NuSeries, PolarsData},
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
 };

@ -38,15 +38,45 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
                example: r#"let df = ([[a b]; [1 2] [3 0] [1 2]] | dataframe to-df);
    let res = ($df.b / $df.b);
    let df = ($df | dataframe with-column $res --name res);
-    $df | dataframe drop-nulls
-"#,
-                result: None,
+    $df | dataframe drop-nulls"#,
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![
+                        Column::new(
+                            "a".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into(), UntaggedValue::int(1).into()],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "b".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into(), UntaggedValue::int(2).into()],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "res".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into(), UntaggedValue::int(1).into()],
+                        ),
+                    ],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
            Example {
                description: "drop null values in dataframe",
-                example: r#"let s = ([1 2 0 0 3 4] | dataframe to-series);
+                example: r#"let s = ([1 2 0 0 3 4] | dataframe to-df);
    ($s / $s) | dataframe drop-nulls"#,
-                result: None,
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![Column::new(
+                        "div_0_0".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                        ],
+                    )],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
        ]
    }
@ -60,7 +90,7 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    })?;

    match value.value {
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::EagerDataFrame(df)) => {
+        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(df) => {
            // Extracting the selection columns of the columns to perform the aggregation
            let columns: Option<Vec<Value>> = args.opt(0)?;
            let (subset, col_span) = match columns {
@ -80,10 +110,6 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
        }
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::Series(series)) => {
-            let res = series.as_ref().drop_nulls();
-            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(res, tag)))
-        }
        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "Incorrect type",
            "drop nulls cannot be done with this value",
@ -91,3 +117,16 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        )),
    }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/dtypes.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/dtypes.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuDataFrame, Signature, TaggedDictBuilder};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue, Value,
+};

 pub struct DataFrame;

@ -26,7 +29,27 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
        vec![Example {
            description: "drop column a",
            example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe dtypes",
-            result: None,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![
+                    Column::new(
+                        "column".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::string("a").into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::string("b").into(),
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                    Column::new(
+                        "dtype".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::string("i64").into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::string("i64").into(),
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                ],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -35,26 +58,49 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
-    let col_names = df
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+
+    let mut dtypes: Vec<Value> = Vec::new();
+    let names: Vec<Value> = df
        .as_ref()
        .get_column_names()
        .iter()
-        .map(|v| v.to_string())
-        .collect::<Vec<String>>();
+        .map(|v| {
+            let dtype = df
+                .as_ref()
+                .column(v)
+                .expect("using name from list of names from dataframe")
+                .dtype();

-    let values = df
-        .as_ref()
-        .dtypes()
-        .into_iter()
-        .zip(col_names.into_iter())
-        .map(move |(dtype, name)| {
-            let mut data = TaggedDictBuilder::new(tag.clone());
-            data.insert_value("column", name.as_ref());
-            data.insert_value("dtype", format!("{}", dtype));
+            let dtype_str = format!("{}", dtype);
+            dtypes.push(Value {
+                value: dtype_str.into(),
+                tag: Tag::default(),
+            });

-            data.into_value()
-        });
+            Value {
+                value: v.to_string().into(),
+                tag: Tag::default(),
+            }
+        })
+        .collect();

-    Ok(OutputStream::from_stream(values))
+    let names_col = Column::new("column".to_string(), names);
+    let dtypes_col = Column::new("dtype".to_string(), dtypes);
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(vec![names_col, dtypes_col], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/dummies.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/dummies.rs
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::{NuDataFrame, PolarsData},
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
    Signature, UntaggedValue,
 };

@ -32,12 +32,70 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
            Example {
                description: "Create new dataframe with dummy variables from a dataframe",
                example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe to-dummies",
-                result: None,
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![
+                        Column::new(
+                            "a_1".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into(), UntaggedValue::int(0).into()],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "a_3".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(0).into(), UntaggedValue::int(1).into()],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "b_2".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into(), UntaggedValue::int(0).into()],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "b_4".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(0).into(), UntaggedValue::int(1).into()],
+                        ),
+                    ],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
            Example {
                description: "Create new dataframe with dummy variables from a series",
-                example: "[1 2 2 3 3] | dataframe to-series | dataframe to-dummies",
-                result: None,
+                example: "[1 2 2 3 3] | dataframe to-df | dataframe to-dummies",
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![
+                        Column::new(
+                            "0_1".to_string(),
+                            vec![
+                                UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(0).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(0).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(0).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(0).into(),
+                            ],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "0_2".to_string(),
+                            vec![
+                                UntaggedValue::int(0).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(0).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(0).into(),
+                            ],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "0_3".to_string(),
+                            vec![
+                                UntaggedValue::int(0).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(0).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(0).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                            ],
+                        ),
+                    ],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
        ]
    }
@ -51,7 +109,7 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    })?;

    match value.value {
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::EagerDataFrame(df)) => {
+        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(df) => {
            let res = df.as_ref().to_dummies().map_err(|e| {
                parse_polars_error(
                    &e,
@ -62,17 +120,6 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
        }
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::Series(series)) => {
-            let res = series.as_ref().to_dummies().map_err(|e| {
-                parse_polars_error(
-                    &e,
-                    &tag.span,
-                    Some("The only allowed column types for dummies are String or Int"),
-                )
-            })?;
-
-            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
-        }
        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "Incorrect type",
            "dummies cannot be done with this value",
@ -80,3 +127,16 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        )),
    }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/filter.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/filter.rs
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::{NuDataFrame, PolarsData},
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
 };

@ -34,13 +34,21 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
        vec![
            Example {
                description: "Filter dataframe using a bool mask",
-                example: r#"let mask = ([$true $false] | dataframe to-series);
+                example: r#"let mask = ([$true $false] | dataframe to-df);
    [[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe filter-with $mask"#,
-                result: None,
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![
+                        Column::new("a".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into()]),
+                        Column::new("b".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into()]),
+                    ],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
            Example {
                description: "Filter dataframe by creating a mask from operation",
-                example: r#"let mask = (([5 6] | dataframe to-series) > 5);
+                example: r#"let mask = (([5 6] | dataframe to-df) > 5);
    [[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe filter-with $mask"#,
                result: None,
            },
@ -53,29 +61,42 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let value: Value = args.req(0)?;

    let series_span = value.tag.span;
-    let series = match value.value {
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::Series(series)) => Ok(series),
+    let df = match value.value {
+        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(df) => Ok(df),
        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "Incorrect type",
            "can only add a series to a dataframe",
            value.tag.span,
        )),
    }?;
-
-    let casted = series.as_ref().bool().map_err(|e| {
+    let series = df.as_series(&series_span)?;
+    let casted = series.bool().map_err(|e| {
        parse_polars_error(
            &e,
-            &&series_span,
+            &series_span,
            Some("Perhaps you want to use a series with booleans as mask"),
        )
    })?;

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

    let res = df
        .as_ref()
-        .filter(&casted)
-        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?;
+        .filter(casted)
+        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &df_tag.span, None))?;

    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/first.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/first.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuDataFrame, Signature, SyntaxShape};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue,
+};

 use nu_source::Tagged;

@ -31,8 +34,16 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Create new dataframe with head rows",
-            example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe first",
-            result: None,
+            example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe first 1",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![
+                    Column::new("a".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into()]),
+                    Column::new("b".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into()]),
+                ],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -46,8 +57,21 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        None => 5,
    };

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
    let res = df.as_ref().head(Some(rows));

    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/get.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/get.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuDataFrame, Signature, SyntaxShape, Value};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
+};

 use super::utils::{convert_columns, parse_polars_error};
 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -27,7 +30,15 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Creates dataframe with selected columns",
            example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe get a",
-            result: None,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "a".to_string(),
+                    vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into(), UntaggedValue::int(3).into()],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -38,7 +49,7 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

    let (col_string, col_span) = convert_columns(&columns, &tag)?;

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

    let res = df
        .as_ref()
@ -47,3 +58,16 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/groupby.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/groupby.rs
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::{NuDataFrame, NuGroupBy, PolarsData},
+    dataframe::{FrameStruct, NuDataFrame, NuGroupBy},
    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
 };

@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let by_columns: Vec<Value> = args.rest(0)?;
    let (columns_string, col_span) = convert_columns(&by_columns, &tag)?;

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

    // This is the expensive part of the groupby; to create the
    // groups that will be used for grouping the data in the
@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let groups = groupby.get_groups().to_vec();
    let groupby = Value {
        tag,
-        value: UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::GroupBy(NuGroupBy::new(
+        value: UntaggedValue::FrameStruct(FrameStruct::GroupBy(NuGroupBy::new(
            NuDataFrame::new(df.as_ref().clone()),
            columns_string,
            groups,
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/join.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/join.rs
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::{NuDataFrame, PolarsData},
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
 };

@ -51,20 +51,50 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    }

    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
-        vec![
-            Example {
-                description: "inner join dataframe",
-                example: r#"let right = ([[a b c]; [1 2 5] [3 4 5] [5 6 6]] | dataframe to-df);
+        vec![Example {
+            description: "inner join dataframe",
+            example: r#"let right = ([[a b c]; [1 2 5] [3 4 5] [5 6 6]] | dataframe to-df);
    $right | dataframe join $right -l [a b] -r [a b]"#,
-                result: None,
-            },
-            Example {
-                description: "right join dataframe",
-                example: r#"let right = ([[a b c]; [1 2 3] [3 4 5] [5 6 7]] | dataframe to-df);
-    $right | dataframe join $right -l [a c] -r [a c] -t inner"#,
-                result: None,
-            },
-        ]
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![
+                    Column::new(
+                        "a".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(3).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(5).into(),
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                    Column::new(
+                        "b".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::int(2).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(4).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(6).into(),
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                    Column::new(
+                        "c".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::int(5).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(5).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(6).into(),
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                    Column::new(
+                        "c_right".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::int(5).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(5).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(6).into(),
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                ],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+        }]
    }
 }

@ -97,13 +127,14 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let (l_col_string, l_col_span) = convert_columns(&l_col, &tag)?;
    let (r_col_string, r_col_span) = convert_columns(&r_col, &tag)?;

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

    let res = match r_df.value {
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::EagerDataFrame(r_df)) => {
+        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(r_df) => {
            // Checking the column types before performing the join
            check_column_datatypes(
                df.as_ref(),
+                r_df.as_ref(),
                &l_col_string,
                &l_col_span,
                &r_col_string,
@ -125,7 +156,8 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
 }

 fn check_column_datatypes<T: AsRef<str>>(
-    df: &polars::prelude::DataFrame,
+    df_l: &polars::prelude::DataFrame,
+    df_r: &polars::prelude::DataFrame,
    l_cols: &[T],
    l_col_span: &Span,
    r_cols: &[T],
@ -146,13 +178,13 @@ fn check_column_datatypes<T: AsRef<str>>(
    }

    for (l, r) in l_cols.iter().zip(r_cols.iter()) {
-        let l_series = df
+        let l_series = df_l
            .column(l.as_ref())
-            .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &l_col_span, None))?;
+            .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, l_col_span, None))?;

-        let r_series = df
+        let r_series = df_r
            .column(r.as_ref())
-            .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &r_col_span, None))?;
+            .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, r_col_span, None))?;

        if l_series.dtype() != r_series.dtype() {
            return Err(ShellError::labeled_error_with_secondary(
@ -171,3 +203,16 @@ fn check_column_datatypes<T: AsRef<str>>(

    Ok(())
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/last.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/last.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuDataFrame, Signature, SyntaxShape};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue,
+};

 use nu_source::Tagged;
 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -30,8 +33,16 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Create new dataframe with last rows",
-            example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe last",
-            result: None,
+            example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe last 1",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![
+                    Column::new("a".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(3).into()]),
+                    Column::new("b".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(4).into()]),
+                ],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -45,9 +56,22 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        None => 5,
    };

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

    let res = df.as_ref().tail(Some(rows));

    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/list.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/list.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::PolarsData, Signature, TaggedDictBuilder, UntaggedValue};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue, Value,
+};

 pub struct DataFrame;

@ -19,46 +22,94 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    }

    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
-        let values = args
+        let data = args
            .context
            .scope
            .get_vars()
            .into_iter()
            .filter_map(|(name, value)| {
-                if let UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::EagerDataFrame(df)) = &value.value {
-                    let mut data = TaggedDictBuilder::new(value.tag.clone());
+                if let UntaggedValue::DataFrame(df) = &value.value {
+                    let rows = Value {
+                        value: (df.as_ref().height() as i64).into(),
+                        tag: Tag::default(),
+                    };

-                    let rows = df.as_ref().height();
-                    let cols = df.as_ref().width();
+                    let cols = Value {
+                        value: (df.as_ref().width() as i64).into(),
+                        tag: Tag::default(),
+                    };

-                    data.insert_value("name", name.as_ref());
-                    data.insert_value("rows", format!("{}", rows));
-                    data.insert_value("columns", format!("{}", cols));
+                    let location = match value.tag.anchor {
+                        Some(AnchorLocation::File(name)) => name,
+                        Some(AnchorLocation::Url(name)) => name,
+                        Some(AnchorLocation::Source(text)) => text.slice(0..text.end).text,
+                        None => "stream".to_string(),
+                    };

-                    match value.tag.anchor {
-                        Some(AnchorLocation::File(name)) => data.insert_value("location", name),
-                        Some(AnchorLocation::Url(name)) => data.insert_value("location", name),
-                        Some(AnchorLocation::Source(text)) => {
-                            let loc_name = text.slice(0..text.end);
-                            data.insert_value("location", loc_name.text)
-                        }
-                        None => data.insert_value("location", "stream"),
-                    }
+                    let location = Value {
+                        value: location.into(),
+                        tag: Tag::default(),
+                    };

-                    Some(data.into_value())
+                    let name = Value {
+                        value: name.into(),
+                        tag: Tag::default(),
+                    };
+
+                    Some((name, rows, cols, location))
                } else {
                    None
                }
            });

-        Ok(OutputStream::from_stream(values))
+        let mut name = Column::new_empty("name".to_string());
+        let mut rows = Column::new_empty("rows".to_string());
+        let mut cols = Column::new_empty("columns".to_string());
+        let mut location = Column::new_empty("location".to_string());
+
+        for tuple in data {
+            name.push(tuple.0);
+            rows.push(tuple.1);
+            cols.push(tuple.2);
+            location.push(tuple.3);
+        }
+
+        let tag = args.call_info.name_tag;
+        let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(vec![name, rows, cols, location], &tag.span)?;
+        Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(tag)))
    }

    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Lists loaded dataframes in current scope",
-            example: "dataframe list",
-            result: None,
+            example: "let a = ([[a b];[1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df); dataframe list",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![
+                    Column::new("name".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::string("$a").into()]),
+                    Column::new("rows".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into()]),
+                    Column::new("columns".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into()]),
+                    Column::new(
+                        "location".to_string(),
+                        vec![UntaggedValue::string("stream").into()],
+                    ),
+                ],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/melt.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/melt.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuDataFrame, Signature, SyntaxShape, Value};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
+};

 use super::utils::convert_columns;

@ -18,8 +21,18 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {

    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
        Signature::build("dataframe melt")
-            .required("id_columns", SyntaxShape::Table, "Id columns for melting")
-            .rest(SyntaxShape::Any, "columns used as value columns")
+            .required_named(
+                "columns",
+                SyntaxShape::Table,
+                "column names for melting",
+                Some('c'),
+            )
+            .required_named(
+                "values",
+                SyntaxShape::Table,
+                "column names used as value columns",
+                Some('v'),
+            )
    }

    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
@ -29,8 +42,59 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "melt dataframe",
-            example: "[[a b]; [a 2] [b 4] [a 6]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe melt a b",
-            result: None,
+            example:
+                "[[a b c d]; [x 1 4 a] [y 2 5 b] [z 3 6 c]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe melt -c [b c] -v [a d]",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![
+                    Column::new(
+                        "b".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(2).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(3).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(2).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(3).into(),
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                    Column::new(
+                        "c".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::int(4).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(5).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(6).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(4).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(5).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(6).into(),
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                    Column::new(
+                        "variable".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::string("a").into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::string("a").into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::string("a").into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::string("d").into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::string("d").into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::string("d").into(),
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                    Column::new(
+                        "value".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::string("x").into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::string("y").into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::string("z").into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::string("a").into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::string("b").into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::string("c").into(),
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                ],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -38,13 +102,13 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let id_col: Vec<Value> = args.req(0)?;
-    let val_col: Vec<Value> = args.rest(1)?;
+    let id_col: Vec<Value> = args.req_named("columns")?;
+    let val_col: Vec<Value> = args.req_named("values")?;

    let (id_col_string, id_col_span) = convert_columns(&id_col, &tag)?;
    let (val_col_string, val_col_span) = convert_columns(&val_col, &tag)?;

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

    check_column_datatypes(df.as_ref(), &id_col_string, &id_col_span)?;
    check_column_datatypes(df.as_ref(), &val_col_string, &val_col_span)?;
@ -75,11 +139,11 @@ fn check_column_datatypes<T: AsRef<str>>(
        for w in cols.windows(2) {
            let l_series = df
                .column(w[0].as_ref())
-                .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &col_span, None))?;
+                .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, col_span, None))?;

            let r_series = df
                .column(w[1].as_ref())
-                .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &col_span, None))?;
+                .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, col_span, None))?;

            if l_series.dtype() != r_series.dtype() {
                return Err(ShellError::labeled_error_with_secondary(
@ -99,3 +163,16 @@ fn check_column_datatypes<T: AsRef<str>>(

    Ok(())
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/mod.rs
@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 pub mod aggregate;
+pub mod append;
 pub mod column;
 pub mod command;
 pub mod drop;
@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ pub mod open;
 pub mod pivot;
 pub mod sample;
 pub mod select;
+pub mod shape;
 pub mod show;
 pub mod slice;
 pub mod sort;
@ -25,12 +27,12 @@ pub mod take;
 pub mod to_csv;
 pub mod to_df;
 pub mod to_parquet;
-pub mod to_series;
 pub(crate) mod utils;
 pub mod where_;
 pub mod with_column;

 pub use aggregate::DataFrame as DataFrameAggregate;
+pub use append::DataFrame as DataFrameAppend;
 pub use column::DataFrame as DataFrameColumn;
 pub use command::Command as DataFrame;
 pub use drop::DataFrame as DataFrameDrop;
@ -50,6 +52,7 @@ pub use open::DataFrame as DataFrameOpen;
 pub use pivot::DataFrame as DataFramePivot;
 pub use sample::DataFrame as DataFrameSample;
 pub use select::DataFrame as DataFrameSelect;
+pub use shape::DataFrame as DataFrameShape;
 pub use show::DataFrame as DataFrameShow;
 pub use slice::DataFrame as DataFrameSlice;
 pub use sort::DataFrame as DataFrameSort;
@ -57,7 +60,6 @@ pub use take::DataFrame as DataFrameTake;
 pub use to_csv::DataFrame as DataFrameToCsv;
 pub use to_df::DataFrame as DataFrameToDF;
 pub use to_parquet::DataFrame as DataFrameToParquet;
-pub use to_series::DataFrame as DataFrameToSeries;
 pub use where_::DataFrame as DataFrameWhere;
 pub use with_column::DataFrame as DataFrameWithColumn;

@ -69,6 +71,8 @@ pub use series::DataFrameArgMin;
 pub use series::DataFrameArgSort;
 pub use series::DataFrameArgTrue;
 pub use series::DataFrameArgUnique;
+pub use series::DataFrameConcatenate;
+pub use series::DataFrameContains;
 pub use series::DataFrameIsDuplicated;
 pub use series::DataFrameIsIn;
 pub use series::DataFrameIsNotNull;
@ -77,9 +81,15 @@ pub use series::DataFrameIsUnique;
 pub use series::DataFrameNNull;
 pub use series::DataFrameNUnique;
 pub use series::DataFrameNot;
+pub use series::DataFrameReplace;
+pub use series::DataFrameReplaceAll;
 pub use series::DataFrameSeriesRename;
 pub use series::DataFrameSet;
 pub use series::DataFrameSetWithIdx;
 pub use series::DataFrameShift;
+pub use series::DataFrameStringLengths;
+pub use series::DataFrameStringSlice;
+pub use series::DataFrameToLowercase;
+pub use series::DataFrameToUppercase;
 pub use series::DataFrameUnique;
 pub use series::DataFrameValueCounts;
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/open.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/open.rs
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use nu_protocol::{
 };

 use nu_source::Tagged;
-use polars::prelude::{CsvReader, JsonReader, ParquetReader, SerReader};
+use polars::prelude::{CsvEncoding, CsvReader, JsonReader, ParquetReader, PolarsError, SerReader};
 use std::fs::File;

 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -151,7 +151,8 @@ fn from_csv(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<polars::prelude::DataFrame, ShellError>
    let columns: Option<Vec<Value>> = args.get_flag("columns")?;

    let csv_reader = CsvReader::from_path(&file.item)
-        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &file.tag.span, None))?;
+        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &file.tag.span, None))?
+        .with_encoding(CsvEncoding::LossyUtf8);

    let csv_reader = match delimiter {
        None => csv_reader,
@ -205,6 +206,15 @@ fn from_csv(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<polars::prelude::DataFrame, ShellError>

    match csv_reader.finish() {
        Ok(df) => Ok(df),
-        Err(e) => Err(parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &file.tag.span, None)),
+        Err(e) => match e {
+            PolarsError::Other(_) => Err(ShellError::labeled_error_with_secondary(
+                "Schema error",
+                "Error with the inferred schema",
+                &file.tag.span,
+                "You can use the argument 'infer_schema' with a number of rows large enough to better infer the schema",
+                &file.tag.span,
+            )),
+            _ => Err(parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &file.tag.span, None)),
+        },
    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/pivot.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/pivot.rs
@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
            description: "Pivot a dataframe on b and aggregation on col c",
            example:
                "[[a b c]; [one x 1] [two y 2]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe group-by a | dataframe pivot b c sum",
-            result: None,
+            result: None, // No sample because there are nulls in the result dataframe
        }]
    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/sample.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/sample.rs
@ -42,13 +42,13 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
            Example {
                description: "Sample rows from dataframe",
                example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe sample -r 1",
-                result: None,
+                result: None, // No expected value because sampling is random
            },
            Example {
                description: "Shows sample row using fraction and replace",
                example:
                    "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4] [5 6]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe sample -f 0.5 -e",
-                result: None,
+                result: None, // No expected value because sampling is random
            },
        ]
    }
@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let fraction: Option<Tagged<f64>> = args.get_flag("fraction")?;
    let replace: bool = args.has_flag("replace");

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

    let res = match (rows, fraction) {
        (Some(rows), None) => df
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/select.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/select.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuDataFrame, Signature, SyntaxShape, Value};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
+};

 use super::utils::{convert_columns, parse_polars_error};

@ -28,7 +31,15 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Create new dataframe with column a",
            example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe select a",
-            result: None,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "a".to_string(),
+                    vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into(), UntaggedValue::int(3).into()],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -40,7 +51,7 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

    let (col_string, col_span) = convert_columns(&columns, &tag)?;

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

    let res = df
        .as_ref()
@ -49,3 +60,16 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/all_false.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/all_false.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature, TaggedDictBuilder, UntaggedValue, Value};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue, Value,
+};

 pub struct DataFrame;

@ -26,15 +29,31 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
        vec![
            Example {
                description: "Returns true if all values are false",
-                example: "[$false $false $false] | dataframe to-series | dataframe all-false",
-                result: None,
+                example: "[$false $false $false] | dataframe to-df | dataframe all-false",
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![Column::new(
+                        "all_false".to_string(),
+                        vec![UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into()],
+                    )],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
            Example {
                description: "Checks the result from a comparison",
-                example: r#"let s = ([5 6 2 8] | dataframe to-series);
+                example: r#"let s = ([5 6 2 10] | dataframe to-df);
    let res = ($s > 9);
    $res | dataframe all-false"#,
-                result: None,
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![Column::new(
+                        "all_false".to_string(),
+                        vec![UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into()],
+                    )],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
        ]
    }
@ -43,9 +62,10 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let bool = series.as_ref().bool().map_err(|e| {
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;
+    let bool = series.bool().map_err(|e| {
        parse_polars_error::<&str>(
            &e,
            &tag.span,
@ -60,8 +80,23 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        tag: tag.clone(),
    };

-    let mut data = TaggedDictBuilder::new(tag);
-    data.insert_value("all_false", value);
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+        vec![Column::new("all_false".to_string(), vec![value])],
+        &tag.span,
+    )?;

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(data.into_value()))
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/all_true.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/all_true.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature, TaggedDictBuilder, UntaggedValue, Value};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue, Value,
+};

 pub struct DataFrame;

@ -26,15 +29,31 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
        vec![
            Example {
                description: "Returns true if all values are true",
-                example: "[$true $true $true] | dataframe to-series | dataframe all-true",
-                result: None,
+                example: "[$true $true $true] | dataframe to-df | dataframe all-true",
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![Column::new(
+                        "all_true".to_string(),
+                        vec![UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into()],
+                    )],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
            Example {
                description: "Checks the result from a comparison",
-                example: r#"let s = ([5 6 2 8] | dataframe to-series);
+                example: r#"let s = ([5 6 2 8] | dataframe to-df);
    let res = ($s > 9);
    $res | dataframe all-true"#,
-                result: None,
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![Column::new(
+                        "all_true".to_string(),
+                        vec![UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into()],
+                    )],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
        ]
    }
@ -43,9 +62,10 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let bool = series.as_ref().bool().map_err(|e| {
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;
+    let bool = series.bool().map_err(|e| {
        parse_polars_error::<&str>(
            &e,
            &tag.span,
@ -60,8 +80,23 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        tag: tag.clone(),
    };

-    let mut data = TaggedDictBuilder::new(tag);
-    data.insert_value("all_true", value);
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+        vec![Column::new("all_true".to_string(), vec![value])],
+        &tag.span,
+    )?;

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(data.into_value()))
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/arg_max.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/arg_max.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};

 use polars::prelude::{IntoSeries, NewChunkedArray, UInt32Chunked};

@ -27,8 +30,16 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Returns index for max value",
-            example: "[1 3 2] | dataframe to-series | dataframe arg-max",
-            result: None,
+            example: "[1 3 2] | dataframe to-df | dataframe arg-max",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "arg_max".to_string(),
+                    vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into()],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -36,9 +47,10 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;

-    let res = series.as_ref().arg_max();
+    let res = series.arg_max();

    let chunked = match res {
        Some(index) => UInt32Chunked::new_from_slice("arg_max", &[index as u32]),
@ -46,6 +58,20 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    };

    let res = chunked.into_series();
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res], &tag.span)?;

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(res, tag)))
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/arg_min.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/arg_min.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};

 use polars::prelude::{IntoSeries, NewChunkedArray, UInt32Chunked};

@ -27,8 +30,16 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Returns index for min value",
-            example: "[1 3 2] | dataframe to-series | dataframe arg-min",
-            result: None,
+            example: "[1 3 2] | dataframe to-df | dataframe arg-min",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "arg_min".to_string(),
+                    vec![UntaggedValue::int(0).into()],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -36,9 +47,9 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let res = series.as_ref().arg_min();
+    let res = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?.arg_min();

    let chunked = match res {
        Some(index) => UInt32Chunked::new_from_slice("arg_min", &[index as u32]),
@ -46,6 +57,20 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    };

    let res = chunked.into_series();
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res], &tag.span)?;

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(res, tag)))
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/arg_sort.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/arg_sort.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};
 use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;

 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -26,8 +29,22 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Returns indexes for a sorted series",
-            example: "[1 2 2 3 3] | dataframe to-series | dataframe arg-sort",
-            result: None,
+            example: "[1 2 2 3 3] | dataframe to-df | dataframe arg-sort",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "arg_sort".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::int(0).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(2).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(3).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(4).into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -36,12 +53,24 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
    let reverse = args.has_flag("reverse");

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let res = series.as_ref().argsort(reverse);
+    let mut res = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?.argsort(reverse).into_series();
+    res.rename("arg_sort");

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-        res.into_series(),
-        tag,
-    )))
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/arg_true.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/arg_true.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};
 use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;

 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -26,8 +29,16 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Returns indexes where values are true",
-            example: "[$false $true $false] | dataframe to-series | dataframe arg-true",
-            result: None,
+            example: "[$false $true $false] | dataframe to-df | dataframe arg-true",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "arg_true".to_string(),
+                    vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into()],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -35,9 +46,10 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let bool = series.as_ref().bool().map_err(|e| {
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;
+    let bool = series.bool().map_err(|e| {
        parse_polars_error::<&str>(
            &e,
            &tag.span,
@ -46,7 +58,21 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    })?;

    let mut res = bool.arg_true().into_series();
-    res.rename("int");
+    res.rename("arg_true");

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(res, tag)))
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/arg_unique.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/arg_unique.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};
 use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;

 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -26,8 +29,20 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Returns indexes for unique values",
-            example: "[1 2 2 3 3] | dataframe to-series | dataframe arg-unique",
-            result: None,
+            example: "[1 2 2 3 3] | dataframe to-df | dataframe arg-unique",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "arg_unique".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::int(0).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(3).into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -35,15 +50,29 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let res = series
-        .as_ref()
+    let mut res = df
+        .as_series(&df_tag.span)?
        .arg_unique()
-        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?;
+        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?
+        .into_series();

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-        res.into_series(),
-        tag,
-    )))
+    res.rename("arg_unique");
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/concatenate.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/concatenate.rs
@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
+use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
+use nu_errors::ShellError;
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
+};
+use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;
+
+pub struct DataFrame;
+
+impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        "dataframe concatenate"
+    }
+
+    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
+        "[Series] Concatenates strings with other array"
+    }
+
+    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
+        Signature::build("dataframe concatenate").required(
+            "other",
+            SyntaxShape::Any,
+            "Other array with string to be concatenated",
+        )
+    }
+
+    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+        command(args)
+    }
+
+    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
+        vec![Example {
+            description: "Concatenate string",
+            example: r#"let other = ([za xs cd] | dataframe to-df);
+    [abc abc abc] | dataframe to-df | dataframe concatenate $other"#,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "0".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::string("abcza").into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::string("abcxs").into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::string("abccd").into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+        }]
+    }
+}
+
+fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
+    let other: Value = args.req(0)?;
+
+    let other_df = match &other.value {
+        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(df) => Ok(df),
+        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
+            "Incorrect type",
+            "can only concatenate another series",
+            other.tag.span,
+        )),
+    }?;
+
+    let other_series = other_df.as_series(&other.tag.span)?;
+    let other_chunked = other_series.utf8().map_err(|e| {
+        parse_polars_error::<&str>(
+            &e,
+            &other.tag.span,
+            Some("The concatenate command can only be used with string columns"),
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;
+    let chunked = series.utf8().map_err(|e| {
+        parse_polars_error::<&str>(
+            &e,
+            &df_tag.span,
+            Some("The concatenate command can only be used with string columns"),
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    let mut res = chunked.concat(other_chunked);
+
+    res.rename(series.name());
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/contains.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/contains.rs
@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
+use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
+use nu_errors::ShellError;
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue,
+};
+use nu_source::Tagged;
+use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;
+
+pub struct DataFrame;
+
+impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        "dataframe contains"
+    }
+
+    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
+        "[Series] Checks if a patter is contained in a string"
+    }
+
+    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
+        Signature::build("dataframe contains").required(
+            "pattern",
+            SyntaxShape::String,
+            "Regex pattern to be searched",
+        )
+    }
+
+    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+        command(args)
+    }
+
+    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
+        vec![Example {
+            description: "Returns boolean indicating if patter was found",
+            example: "[abc acb acb] | dataframe to-df | dataframe contains ab",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "0".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+        }]
+    }
+}
+
+fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
+    let pattern: Tagged<String> = args.req(0)?;
+
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;
+    let chunked = series.utf8().map_err(|e| {
+        parse_polars_error::<&str>(
+            &e,
+            &df_tag.span,
+            Some("The contains command can only be used with string columns"),
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    let res = chunked
+        .contains(pattern.as_str())
+        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?;
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/is_duplicated.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/is_duplicated.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};
 use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;

 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -26,8 +29,24 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Create mask indicating duplicated values",
-            example: "[5 6 6 6 8 8 8] | dataframe to-series | dataframe is-duplicated",
-            result: None,
+            example: "[5 6 6 6 8 8 8] | dataframe to-df | dataframe is-duplicated",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "is_duplicated".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -35,15 +54,29 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let res = series
-        .as_ref()
+    let mut res = df
+        .as_series(&df_tag.span)?
        .is_duplicated()
-        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?;
+        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?
+        .into_series();

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-        res.into_series(),
-        tag,
-    )))
+    res.rename("is_duplicated");
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/is_in.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/is_in.rs
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::{NuSeries, PolarsData},
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
 };
 use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;
@ -29,9 +29,25 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Checks if elements from a series are contained in right series",
-            example: r#"let other = ([1 3 6] | dataframe to-series);
-    [5 6 6 6 8 8 8] | dataframe to-series | dataframe is-in $other"#,
-            result: None,
+            example: r#"let other = ([1 3 6] | dataframe to-df);
+    [5 6 6 6 8 8 8] | dataframe to-df | dataframe is-in $other"#,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "is_in".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -40,8 +56,8 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
    let value: Value = args.req(0)?;

-    let other = match value.value {
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::Series(series)) => Ok(series),
+    let other_df = match value.value {
+        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(df) => Ok(df),
        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "Incorrect type",
            "can only search in a series",
@ -49,15 +65,31 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        )),
    }?;

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let other = other_df.as_series(&value.tag.span)?;

-    let res = series
-        .as_ref()
-        .is_in(other.as_ref())
-        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-        res.into_series(),
-        tag,
-    )))
+    let mut res = df
+        .as_series(&df_tag.span)?
+        .is_in(&other)
+        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?
+        .into_series();
+
+    res.rename("is_in");
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/is_not_null.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/is_not_null.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};
 use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;

 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -26,10 +29,23 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Create mask where values are not null",
-            example: r#"let s = ([5 6 0 8] | dataframe to-series);
+            example: r#"let s = ([5 6 0 8] | dataframe to-df);
    let res = ($s / $s);
    $res | dataframe is-not-null"#,
-            result: None,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "is_not_null".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -37,12 +53,23 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let res = series.as_ref().is_not_null();
+    let res = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?.is_not_null();

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-        res.into_series(),
-        tag,
-    )))
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/is_null.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/is_null.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};
 use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;

 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -26,10 +29,23 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Create mask where values are null",
-            example: r#"let s = ([5 6 0 8] | dataframe to-series);
+            example: r#"let s = ([5 6 0 8] | dataframe to-df);
    let res = ($s / $s);
    $res | dataframe is-null"#,
-            result: None,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "is_null".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -37,12 +53,23 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let res = series.as_ref().is_null();
+    let res = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?.is_null();

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-        res.into_series(),
-        tag,
-    )))
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/is_unique.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/is_unique.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};
 use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;

 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -26,8 +29,24 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Create mask indicating unique values",
-            example: "[5 6 6 6 8 8 8] | dataframe to-series | dataframe is-unique",
-            result: None,
+            example: "[5 6 6 6 8 8 8] | dataframe to-df | dataframe is-unique",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "is_unique".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -35,15 +54,29 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let res = series
-        .as_ref()
+    let mut res = df
+        .as_series(&df_tag.span)?
        .is_unique()
-        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?;
+        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?
+        .into_series();

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-        res.into_series(),
-        tag,
-    )))
+    res.rename("is_unique");
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/mod.rs
@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ pub mod arg_min;
 pub mod arg_sort;
 pub mod arg_true;
 pub mod arg_unique;
+pub mod concatenate;
+pub mod contains;
 pub mod is_duplicated;
 pub mod is_in;
 pub mod is_not_null;
@ -14,9 +16,15 @@ pub mod n_null;
 pub mod n_unique;
 pub mod not;
 pub mod rename;
+pub mod replace;
+pub mod replace_all;
 pub mod set;
 pub mod set_with_idx;
 pub mod shift;
+pub mod str_lengths;
+pub mod str_slice;
+pub mod to_lowercase;
+pub mod to_uppercase;
 pub mod unique;
 pub mod value_counts;

@ -27,6 +35,8 @@ pub use arg_min::DataFrame as DataFrameArgMin;
 pub use arg_sort::DataFrame as DataFrameArgSort;
 pub use arg_true::DataFrame as DataFrameArgTrue;
 pub use arg_unique::DataFrame as DataFrameArgUnique;
+pub use concatenate::DataFrame as DataFrameConcatenate;
+pub use contains::DataFrame as DataFrameContains;
 pub use is_duplicated::DataFrame as DataFrameIsDuplicated;
 pub use is_in::DataFrame as DataFrameIsIn;
 pub use is_not_null::DataFrame as DataFrameIsNotNull;
@ -36,8 +46,14 @@ pub use n_null::DataFrame as DataFrameNNull;
 pub use n_unique::DataFrame as DataFrameNUnique;
 pub use not::DataFrame as DataFrameNot;
 pub use rename::DataFrame as DataFrameSeriesRename;
+pub use replace::DataFrame as DataFrameReplace;
+pub use replace_all::DataFrame as DataFrameReplaceAll;
 pub use set::DataFrame as DataFrameSet;
 pub use set_with_idx::DataFrame as DataFrameSetWithIdx;
 pub use shift::DataFrame as DataFrameShift;
+pub use str_lengths::DataFrame as DataFrameStringLengths;
+pub use str_slice::DataFrame as DataFrameStringSlice;
+pub use to_lowercase::DataFrame as DataFrameToLowercase;
+pub use to_uppercase::DataFrame as DataFrameToUppercase;
 pub use unique::DataFrame as DataFrameUnique;
 pub use value_counts::DataFrame as DataFrameValueCounts;
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/n_null.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/n_null.rs
@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::NuSeries, Primitive, Signature, TaggedDictBuilder, UntaggedValue, Value,
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Primitive, Signature, UntaggedValue, Value,
 };

 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -27,9 +28,17 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Counts null values",
-            example: r#"let s = ([1 1 0 0 3 3 4] | dataframe to-series);
-    ($s / ss) | dataframe count-null"#,
-            result: None,
+            example: r#"let s = ([1 1 0 0 3 3 4] | dataframe to-df);
+    ($s / $s) | dataframe count-null"#,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "count_null".to_string(),
+                    vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into()],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -37,17 +46,32 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let res = series.as_ref().null_count();
+    let res = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?.null_count();

    let value = Value {
        value: UntaggedValue::Primitive(Primitive::Int(res as i64)),
        tag: tag.clone(),
    };

-    let mut data = TaggedDictBuilder::new(tag);
-    data.insert_value("count-null", value);
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+        vec![Column::new("count_null".to_string(), vec![value])],
+        &tag.span,
+    )?;

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(data.into_value()))
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/n_unique.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/n_unique.rs
@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::NuSeries, Primitive, Signature, TaggedDictBuilder, UntaggedValue, Value,
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Primitive, Signature, UntaggedValue, Value,
 };

 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -27,8 +28,16 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Counts unique values",
-            example: "[1 1 2 2 3 3 4] | dataframe to-series | dataframe count-unique",
-            result: None,
+            example: "[1 1 2 2 3 3 4] | dataframe to-df | dataframe count-unique",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "count_unique".to_string(),
+                    vec![UntaggedValue::int(4).into()],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -36,10 +45,10 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let res = series
-        .as_ref()
+    let res = df
+        .as_series(&df_tag.span)?
        .n_unique()
        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?;

@ -48,8 +57,23 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        tag: tag.clone(),
    };

-    let mut data = TaggedDictBuilder::new(tag);
-    data.insert_value("count-unique", value);
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+        vec![Column::new("count_unique".to_string(), vec![value])],
+        &tag.span,
+    )?;

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(data.into_value()))
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/not.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/not.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};
 use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;
 use std::ops::Not;

@ -27,8 +30,20 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Inverts boolean mask",
-            example: "[$true $false $true] | dataframe to-series | dataframe not",
-            result: None,
+            example: "[$true $false $true] | dataframe to-df | dataframe not",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "0".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -36,9 +51,10 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;

-    let bool = series.as_ref().bool().map_err(|e| {
+    let bool = series.bool().map_err(|e| {
        parse_polars_error::<&str>(
            &e,
            &tag.span,
@ -48,8 +64,19 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

    let res = bool.not();

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-        res.into_series(),
-        tag,
-    )))
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/rename.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/rename.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature, SyntaxShape};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue,
+};
 use nu_source::Tagged;

 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -30,8 +33,21 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Renames a series",
-            example: "[5 6 7 8] | dataframe to-series | dataframe rename-series new_name",
-            result: None,
+            example: "[5 6 7 8] | dataframe to-df | dataframe rename new_name",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "new_name".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::int(5).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(6).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(7).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(8).into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -40,9 +56,25 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
    let name: Tagged<String> = args.req(0)?;

-    let mut series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    series.as_mut().rename(name.item.as_ref());
+    let mut series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(series.into_value(tag)))
+    series.rename(name.item.as_ref());
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![series], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/replace.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/replace.rs
@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
+use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
+use nu_errors::ShellError;
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue,
+};
+use nu_source::{Span, Tagged};
+use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;
+
+pub struct DataFrame;
+
+impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        "dataframe replace"
+    }
+
+    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
+        "[Series] Replace the leftmost (sub)string by a regex pattern"
+    }
+
+    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
+        Signature::build("dataframe replace")
+            .required_named(
+                "pattern",
+                SyntaxShape::String,
+                "Regex pattern to be matched",
+                Some('p'),
+            )
+            .required_named(
+                "replace",
+                SyntaxShape::String,
+                "replacing string",
+                Some('r'),
+            )
+    }
+
+    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+        command(args)
+    }
+
+    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
+        vec![Example {
+            description: "Replaces string",
+            example: "[abc abc abc] | dataframe to-df | dataframe replace -p ab -r AB",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "0".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::string("ABc").into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::string("ABc").into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::string("ABc").into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+        }]
+    }
+}
+
+fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
+    let pattern: Tagged<String> = args.req_named("pattern")?;
+    let replace: Tagged<String> = args.req_named("replace")?;
+
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;
+    let chunked = series.utf8().map_err(|e| {
+        parse_polars_error::<&str>(
+            &e,
+            &df_tag.span,
+            Some("The replace-all command can only be used with string columns"),
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    let mut res = chunked
+        .replace(pattern.as_str(), replace.as_str())
+        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?;
+
+    res.rename(series.name());
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/replace_all.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/replace_all.rs
@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
+use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
+use nu_errors::ShellError;
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue,
+};
+use nu_source::Tagged;
+use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;
+
+pub struct DataFrame;
+
+impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        "dataframe replace-all"
+    }
+
+    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
+        "[Series] Replace all (sub)strings by a regex pattern"
+    }
+
+    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
+        Signature::build("dataframe replace")
+            .required_named(
+                "pattern",
+                SyntaxShape::String,
+                "Regex pattern to be matched",
+                Some('p'),
+            )
+            .required_named(
+                "replace",
+                SyntaxShape::String,
+                "replacing string",
+                Some('r'),
+            )
+    }
+
+    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+        command(args)
+    }
+
+    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
+        vec![Example {
+            description: "Replaces string",
+            example: "[abac abac abac] | dataframe to-df | dataframe replace-all -p a -r A",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "0".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::string("AbAc").into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::string("AbAc").into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::string("AbAc").into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+        }]
+    }
+}
+
+fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
+    let pattern: Tagged<String> = args.req_named("pattern")?;
+    let replace: Tagged<String> = args.req_named("replace")?;
+
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;
+    let chunked = series.utf8().map_err(|e| {
+        parse_polars_error::<&str>(
+            &e,
+            &df_tag.span,
+            Some("The replace command can only be used with string columns"),
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    let mut res = chunked
+        .replace_all(pattern.as_str(), replace.as_str())
+        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?;
+
+    res.rename(series.name());
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/set.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/set.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Primitive, Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Primitive, Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
+};
 use polars::prelude::{ChunkSet, DataType, IntoSeries};

 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -33,10 +36,24 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Shifts the values by a given period",
-            example: r#"let s = ([1 2 2 3 3] | dataframe to-series | dataframe shift 2);
+            example: r#"let s = ([1 2 2 3 3] | dataframe to-df | dataframe shift 2);
    let mask = ($s | dataframe is-null);
    $s | dataframe set 0 --mask $mask"#,
-            result: None,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "0".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::int(0).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(0).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(2).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(2).into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -46,20 +63,21 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let value: Value = args.req(0)?;
    let mask: Value = args.req_named("mask")?;

-    let bool_mask = match &mask.value {
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(nu_protocol::dataframe::PolarsData::Series(series)) => {
-            match series.as_ref().dtype() {
-                DataType::Boolean => series
-                    .as_ref()
-                    .bool()
-                    .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &mask.tag.span, None)),
-                _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
-                    "Incorrect type",
-                    "can only use bool series as mask",
-                    value.tag.span,
-                )),
-            }
-        }
+    let mask_df = match &mask.value {
+        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(df) => Ok(df),
+        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
+            "Incorrect type",
+            "can only use a series as mask",
+            value.tag.span,
+        )),
+    }?;
+
+    let mask_series = mask_df.as_series(&mask.tag.span)?;
+
+    let bool_mask = match mask_series.dtype() {
+        DataType::Boolean => mask_series
+            .bool()
+            .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &mask.tag.span, None)),
        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "Incorrect type",
            "can only use bool series as mask",
@ -67,11 +85,12 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        )),
    }?;

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;

    match &value.value {
        UntaggedValue::Primitive(Primitive::Int(val)) => {
-            let chunked = series.as_ref().i64().map_err(|e| {
+            let chunked = series.i64().map_err(|e| {
                parse_polars_error::<&str>(
                    &e,
                    &value.tag.span,
@ -83,10 +102,8 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
                .set(bool_mask, Some(*val))
                .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &value.tag.span, None))?;

-            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-                res.into_series(),
-                tag,
-            )))
+            let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+            Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
        }
        UntaggedValue::Primitive(Primitive::Decimal(val)) => {
            let chunked = series.as_ref().f64().map_err(|e| {
@ -107,10 +124,8 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
                )
                .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &value.tag.span, None))?;

-            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-                res.into_series(),
-                tag,
-            )))
+            let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+            Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
        }
        UntaggedValue::Primitive(Primitive::String(val)) => {
            let chunked = series.as_ref().utf8().map_err(|e| {
@ -128,18 +143,29 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
            let mut res = res.into_series();
            res.rename("string");

-            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-                res.into_series(),
-                tag,
-            )))
+            let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+            Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
        }
        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "Incorrect type",
            format!(
                "this value cannot be set in a series of type '{}'",
-                series.as_ref().dtype()
+                series.dtype()
            ),
            value.tag.span,
        )),
    }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/set_with_idx.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/set_with_idx.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Primitive, Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Primitive, Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
+};
 use polars::prelude::{ChunkSet, DataType, IntoSeries};

 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -33,10 +36,25 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Set value in selected rows from series",
-            example: r#"let series = ([4 1 5 2 4 3] | dataframe to-series);
-    let indices = ([0 2] | dataframe to-series);
+            example: r#"let series = ([4 1 5 2 4 3] | dataframe to-df);
+    let indices = ([0 2] | dataframe to-df);
    $series | dataframe set-with-idx 6 -i $indices"#,
-            result: None,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "0".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::int(6).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(6).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(2).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(4).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(3).into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -47,7 +65,7 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let indices: Value = args.req_named("indices")?;

    let indices = match &indices.value {
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(nu_protocol::dataframe::PolarsData::Series(series)) => Ok(series),
+        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(df) => Ok(df),
        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "Incorrect type",
            "can only use a series for set command",
@ -55,7 +73,9 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        )),
    }?;

-    let casted = match indices.as_ref().dtype() {
+    let indices = indices.as_series(&value.tag.span)?;
+
+    let casted = match indices.dtype() {
        DataType::UInt32 | DataType::UInt64 | DataType::Int32 | DataType::Int64 => indices
            .as_ref()
            .cast_with_dtype(&DataType::UInt32)
@ -75,11 +95,12 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        .into_iter()
        .filter_map(|val| val.map(|v| v as usize));

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;

    match &value.value {
        UntaggedValue::Primitive(Primitive::Int(val)) => {
-            let chunked = series.as_ref().i64().map_err(|e| {
+            let chunked = series.i64().map_err(|e| {
                parse_polars_error::<&str>(
                    &e,
                    &value.tag.span,
@ -91,10 +112,8 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
                .set_at_idx(indices, Some(*val))
                .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &value.tag.span, None))?;

-            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-                res.into_series(),
-                tag,
-            )))
+            let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+            Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
        }
        UntaggedValue::Primitive(Primitive::Decimal(val)) => {
            let chunked = series.as_ref().f64().map_err(|e| {
@ -115,10 +134,8 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
                )
                .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &value.tag.span, None))?;

-            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-                res.into_series(),
-                tag,
-            )))
+            let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+            Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
        }
        UntaggedValue::Primitive(Primitive::String(val)) => {
            let chunked = series.as_ref().utf8().map_err(|e| {
@ -136,10 +153,8 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
            let mut res = res.into_series();
            res.rename("string");

-            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-                res.into_series(),
-                tag,
-            )))
+            let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+            Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
        }
        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "Incorrect type",
@ -151,3 +166,16 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        )),
    }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/shift.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/shift.rs
@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature, SyntaxShape};
+use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuDataFrame, Signature, SyntaxShape};
 use nu_source::Tagged;
-use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;

 pub struct DataFrame;

@ -27,7 +26,7 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Shifts the values by a given period",
-            example: "[1 2 2 3 3] | dataframe to-series | dataframe shift 2",
+            example: "[1 2 2 3 3] | dataframe to-df | dataframe shift 2",
            result: None,
        }]
    }
@ -37,12 +36,10 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
    let period: Tagged<i64> = args.req(0)?;

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let res = series.as_ref().shift(period.item);
+    let res = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?.shift(period.item);

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-        res.into_series(),
-        tag,
-    )))
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/str_lengths.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/str_lengths.rs
@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
+use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
+use nu_errors::ShellError;
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};
+use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;
+
+pub struct DataFrame;
+
+impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        "dataframe str-lengths"
+    }
+
+    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
+        "[Series] Get lengths of all strings"
+    }
+
+    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
+        Signature::build("dataframe str-lengths")
+    }
+
+    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+        command(args)
+    }
+
+    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
+        vec![Example {
+            description: "Returns string lengths",
+            example: "[a ab abc] | dataframe to-df | dataframe str-lengths",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "0".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(2).into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::int(3).into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+        }]
+    }
+}
+
+fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
+
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;
+    let chunked = series.utf8().map_err(|e| {
+        parse_polars_error::<&str>(
+            &e,
+            &df_tag.span,
+            Some("The str-lengths command can only be used with string columns"),
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    let res = chunked.as_ref().str_lengths();
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/str_slice.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/str_slice.rs
@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
+use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
+use nu_errors::ShellError;
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue,
+};
+use nu_source::Tagged;
+use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;
+
+pub struct DataFrame;
+
+impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        "dataframe str-slice"
+    }
+
+    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
+        "[Series] Slices the string from the start position until the selected length"
+    }
+
+    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
+        Signature::build("dataframe replace")
+            .required_named("start", SyntaxShape::Int, "start of slice", Some('s'))
+            .named("length", SyntaxShape::Int, "optional length", Some('l'))
+    }
+
+    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+        command(args)
+    }
+
+    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
+        vec![Example {
+            description: "Creates slices from the strings",
+            example: "[abcded abc321 abc123] | dataframe to-df | dataframe str-slice -s 1 -l 2",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "0".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::string("bc").into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::string("bc").into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::string("bc").into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+        }]
+    }
+}
+
+fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
+    let start: Tagged<i64> = args.req_named("start")?;
+
+    let length: Option<Tagged<i64>> = args.get_flag("length")?;
+    let length = length.map(|v| v.item as u64);
+
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;
+    let chunked = series.utf8().map_err(|e| {
+        parse_polars_error::<&str>(
+            &e,
+            &df_tag.span,
+            Some("The str-slice command can only be used with string columns"),
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    let mut res = chunked
+        .str_slice(start.item, length)
+        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?;
+
+    res.rename(series.name());
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/to_lowercase.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/to_lowercase.rs
@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
+use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
+use nu_errors::ShellError;
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};
+use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;
+
+pub struct DataFrame;
+
+impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        "dataframe to-lowercase"
+    }
+
+    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
+        "[Series] Lowercase the strings in the column"
+    }
+
+    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
+        Signature::build("dataframe to-lowercase")
+    }
+
+    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+        command(args)
+    }
+
+    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
+        vec![Example {
+            description: "Modifies strings to lowercase",
+            example: "[Abc aBc abC] | dataframe to-df | dataframe to-lowercase",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "0".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::string("abc").into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::string("abc").into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::string("abc").into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+        }]
+    }
+}
+
+fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
+
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;
+    let chunked = series.utf8().map_err(|e| {
+        parse_polars_error::<&str>(
+            &e,
+            &df_tag.span,
+            Some("The to-lowercase command can only be used with string columns"),
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    let mut res = chunked.to_lowercase();
+    res.rename(series.name());
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/to_uppercase.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/to_uppercase.rs
@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
+use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
+use nu_errors::ShellError;
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};
+use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;
+
+pub struct DataFrame;
+
+impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        "dataframe to-uppercase"
+    }
+
+    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
+        "[Series] Uppercase the strings in the column"
+    }
+
+    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
+        Signature::build("dataframe to-uppercase")
+    }
+
+    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+        command(args)
+    }
+
+    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
+        vec![Example {
+            description: "Modifies strings to uppercase",
+            example: "[Abc aBc abC] | dataframe to-df | dataframe to-uppercase",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "0".to_string(),
+                    vec![
+                        UntaggedValue::string("ABC").into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::string("ABC").into(),
+                        UntaggedValue::string("ABC").into(),
+                    ],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+        }]
+    }
+}
+
+fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
+
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+
+    let series = df.as_series(&df_tag.span)?;
+    let chunked = series.utf8().map_err(|e| {
+        parse_polars_error::<&str>(
+            &e,
+            &df_tag.span,
+            Some("The to-uppercase command can only be used with string columns"),
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    let mut res = chunked.to_uppercase();
+    res.rename(series.name());
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res.into_series()], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/unique.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/unique.rs
@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 use crate::{commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error, prelude::*};
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature};
-use polars::prelude::IntoSeries;
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};

 pub struct DataFrame;

@ -26,8 +28,16 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Returns unique values from a series",
-            example: "[1 2 2 3 3] | dataframe to-series | dataframe unique",
-            result: None,
+            example: "[2 2 2 2 2] | dataframe to-df | dataframe unique",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![Column::new(
+                    "0".to_string(),
+                    vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into()],
+                )],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -35,15 +45,26 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let res = series
-        .as_ref()
+    let res = df
+        .as_series(&df_tag.span)?
        .unique()
        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?;

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(
-        res.into_series(),
-        tag,
-    )))
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_series(vec![res], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(df_tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/value_counts.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/series/value_counts.rs
@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::{NuDataFrame, NuSeries},
-    Signature,
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
 };

 use crate::commands::dataframe::utils::parse_polars_error;
@ -30,8 +30,22 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Calculates value counts",
-            example: "[5 5 6 6] | dataframe to-series | dataframe value-counts",
-            result: None,
+            example: "[5 5 5 5 6 6] | dataframe to-df | dataframe value-counts",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![
+                    Column::new(
+                        "0".to_string(),
+                        vec![UntaggedValue::int(5).into(), UntaggedValue::int(6).into()],
+                    ),
+                    Column::new(
+                        "counts".to_string(),
+                        vec![UntaggedValue::int(4).into(), UntaggedValue::int(2).into()],
+                    ),
+                ],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -39,12 +53,27 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
 fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();

-    let series = NuSeries::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, df_tag) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

-    let df = series
-        .as_ref()
+    let df_new = df
+        .as_series(&df_tag.span)?
        .value_counts()
        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &tag.span, None))?;

-    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(df, tag)))
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(
+        df_new, tag,
+    )))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/shape.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/shape.rs
@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+use crate::prelude::*;
+use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
+use nu_errors::ShellError;
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue, Value,
+};
+
+pub struct DataFrame;
+
+impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
+    fn name(&self) -> &str {
+        "dataframe shape"
+    }
+
+    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
+        "[DataFrame] Shows column and row size for a dataframe"
+    }
+
+    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
+        Signature::build("dataframe shape")
+    }
+
+    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+        command(args)
+    }
+
+    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
+        vec![Example {
+            description: "Shows row and column shape",
+            example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe shape",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![
+                    Column::new("rows".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into()]),
+                    Column::new("columns".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into()]),
+                ],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+        }]
+    }
+}
+
+fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
+    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
+
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+
+    let rows = Value {
+        value: (df.as_ref().height() as i64).into(),
+        tag: Tag::default(),
+    };
+
+    let cols = Value {
+        value: (df.as_ref().width() as i64).into(),
+        tag: Tag::default(),
+    };
+
+    let rows_col = Column::new("rows".to_string(), vec![rows]);
+    let cols_col = Column::new("columns".to_string(), vec![cols]);
+
+    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(vec![rows_col, cols_col], &tag.span)?;
+    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(tag)))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/show.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/show.rs
@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let rows: Option<Tagged<usize>> = args.get_flag("n_rows")?;
    let tail: bool = args.has_flag("tail");

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
    let rows = rows.map(|v| v.item);
    let values = if tail { df.tail(rows)? } else { df.head(rows)? };

--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/slice.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/slice.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuDataFrame, Signature, SyntaxShape};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue,
+};

 use nu_source::Tagged;
 pub struct DataFrame;
@ -29,7 +32,15 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Create new dataframe from a slice of the rows",
            example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe slice 0 1",
-            result: None,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![
+                    Column::new("a".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into()]),
+                    Column::new("b".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into()]),
+                ],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -40,8 +51,21 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let offset: Tagged<usize> = args.req(0)?;
    let size: Tagged<usize> = args.req(1)?;

-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
    let res = df.as_ref().slice(offset.item as i64, size.item);

    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/sort.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/sort.rs
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::{NuDataFrame, NuSeries, PolarsData},
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
 };

@ -33,12 +33,39 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
            Example {
                description: "Create new sorted dataframe",
                example: "[[a b]; [3 4] [1 2]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe sort a",
-                result: None,
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![
+                        Column::new(
+                            "a".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into(), UntaggedValue::int(3).into()],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "b".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into(), UntaggedValue::int(4).into()],
+                        ),
+                    ],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
            Example {
                description: "Create new sorted series",
-                example: "[3 4 1 2] | dataframe to-series | dataframe sort",
-                result: None,
+                example: "[3 4 1 2] | dataframe to-df | dataframe sort",
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![Column::new(
+                        "0".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(2).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(3).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(4).into(),
+                        ],
+                    )],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
        ]
    }
@ -53,31 +80,38 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

    let reverse = args.has_flag("reverse");

-    match value.value {
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::EagerDataFrame(df)) => {
-            let columns: Vec<Value> = args.rest(0)?;
-
-            if !columns.is_empty() {
-                let (col_string, col_span) = convert_columns(&columns, &tag)?;
+    match &value.value {
+        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(df) => {
+            if df.is_series() {
+                let columns = df.as_ref().get_column_names();

                let res = df
                    .as_ref()
-                    .sort(&col_string, reverse)
-                    .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &col_span, None))?;
+                    .sort(columns, reverse)
+                    .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &value.tag.span, None))?;

                Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
            } else {
-                Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
-                    "Missing columns",
-                    "missing column name to perform sort",
-                    &tag.span,
-                ))
+                let columns: Vec<Value> = args.rest(0)?;
+
+                if !columns.is_empty() {
+                    let (col_string, col_span) = convert_columns(&columns, &tag)?;
+
+                    let res = df
+                        .as_ref()
+                        .sort(&col_string, reverse)
+                        .map_err(|e| parse_polars_error::<&str>(&e, &col_span, None))?;
+
+                    Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
+                } else {
+                    Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
+                        "Missing columns",
+                        "missing column name to perform sort",
+                        &tag.span,
+                    ))
+                }
            }
        }
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::Series(series)) => {
-            let res = series.as_ref().sort(reverse);
-            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(res, tag)))
-        }
        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "Incorrect type",
            "sort cannot be done with this value",
@ -85,3 +119,16 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        )),
    }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/take.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/take.rs
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::{NuDataFrame, NuSeries, PolarsData},
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
 };
 use polars::prelude::DataType;
@ -37,16 +37,38 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
            Example {
                description: "Takes selected rows from dataframe",
                example: r#"let df = ([[a b]; [4 1] [5 2] [4 3]] | dataframe to-df);
-    let indices = ([0 2] | dataframe to-series);
+    let indices = ([0 2] | dataframe to-df);
    $df | dataframe take $indices"#,
-                result: None,
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![
+                        Column::new(
+                            "a".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(4).into(), UntaggedValue::int(4).into()],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "b".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into(), UntaggedValue::int(3).into()],
+                        ),
+                    ],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
            Example {
                description: "Takes selected rows from series",
-                example: r#"let series = ([4 1 5 2 4 3] | dataframe to-series);
-    let indices = ([0 2] | dataframe to-series);
+                example: r#"let series = ([4 1 5 2 4 3] | dataframe to-df);
+    let indices = ([0 2] | dataframe to-df);
    $series | dataframe take $indices"#,
-                result: None,
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![Column::new(
+                        "0".to_string(),
+                        vec![UntaggedValue::int(4).into(), UntaggedValue::int(5).into()],
+                    )],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
            },
        ]
    }
@ -56,8 +78,8 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
    let value: Value = args.req(0)?;

-    let series = match &value.value {
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::Series(series)) => Ok(series),
+    let df = match &value.value {
+        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(df) => Ok(df),
        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "Incorrect type",
            "can only use a series for take command",
@ -65,7 +87,9 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        )),
    }?;

-    let casted = match series.as_ref().dtype() {
+    let series = df.as_series(&value.tag.span)?;
+
+    let casted = match series.dtype() {
        DataType::UInt32 | DataType::UInt64 | DataType::Int32 | DataType::Int64 => series
            .as_ref()
            .cast_with_dtype(&DataType::UInt32)
@ -88,16 +112,11 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    })?;

    match value.value {
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::EagerDataFrame(df)) => {
+        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(df) => {
            let res = df.as_ref().take(indices);

            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuDataFrame::dataframe_to_value(res, tag)))
        }
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::Series(series)) => {
-            let res = series.as_ref().take(indices);
-
-            Ok(OutputStream::one(NuSeries::series_to_value(res, tag)))
-        }
        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "No dataframe or series in stream",
            "no dataframe or series found in input stream",
@ -105,3 +124,16 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        )),
    }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/to_csv.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/to_csv.rs
@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let delimiter: Option<Tagged<String>> = args.get_flag("delimiter")?;
    let no_header: bool = args.has_flag("no_header");

-    let mut df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (mut df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

    let mut file = File::create(&file_name.item).map_err(|e| {
        ShellError::labeled_error(
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/to_df.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/to_df.rs
@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuDataFrame, Signature};
+use nu_protocol::{
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
+    Signature, UntaggedValue,
+};

 pub struct DataFrame;

@ -11,7 +14,7 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    }

    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
-        "Converts a pipelined Table or List into a polars dataframe"
+        "Converts a List, Table or Dictionary into a polars dataframe"
    }

    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
@ -27,10 +30,108 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
    }

    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
-        vec![Example {
-            description: "Takes an input stream and converts it to a polars dataframe",
-            example: "[[a b];[1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df",
-            result: None,
-        }]
+        vec![
+            Example {
+                description: "Takes a dictionary and creates a dataframe",
+                example: "[[a b];[1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df",
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![
+                        Column::new(
+                            "a".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into(), UntaggedValue::int(3).into()],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "b".to_string(),
+                            vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into(), UntaggedValue::int(4).into()],
+                        ),
+                    ],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+            },
+            Example {
+                description: "Takes a list of tables and creates a dataframe",
+                example: "[[1 2 a] [3 4 b] [5 6 c]] | dataframe to-df",
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![
+                        Column::new(
+                            "0".to_string(),
+                            vec![
+                                UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(3).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(5).into(),
+                            ],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "1".to_string(),
+                            vec![
+                                UntaggedValue::int(2).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(4).into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::int(6).into(),
+                            ],
+                        ),
+                        Column::new(
+                            "2".to_string(),
+                            vec![
+                                UntaggedValue::string("a").into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::string("b").into(),
+                                UntaggedValue::string("c").into(),
+                            ],
+                        ),
+                    ],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+            },
+            Example {
+                description: "Takes a list and creates a dataframe",
+                example: "[a b c] | dataframe to-df",
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![Column::new(
+                        "0".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::string("a").into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::string("b").into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::string("c").into(),
+                        ],
+                    )],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+            },
+            Example {
+                description: "Takes a list of booleans and creates a dataframe",
+                example: "[$true $true $false] | dataframe to-df",
+                result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                    vec![Column::new(
+                        "0".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::boolean(true).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::boolean(false).into(),
+                        ],
+                    )],
+                    &Span::default(),
+                )
+                .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+                .into_value(Tag::default())]),
+            },
+        ]
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
    }
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/to_parquet.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/to_parquet.rs
@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
    let file_name: Tagged<PathBuf> = args.req(0)?;

-    let mut df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let (mut df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

    let file = File::create(&file_name.item).map_err(|e| {
        ShellError::labeled_error(
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/to_series.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/to_series.rs
@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-use crate::prelude::*;
-use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
-use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{dataframe::NuSeries, Signature, SyntaxShape};
-use nu_source::Tagged;
-
-pub struct DataFrame;
-
-impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
-    fn name(&self) -> &str {
-        "dataframe to-series"
-    }
-
-    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
-        "Converts a pipelined List into a polars series"
-    }
-
-    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
-        Signature::build("dataframe to-series").optional(
-            "name",
-            SyntaxShape::String,
-            "Optional series name",
-        )
-    }
-
-    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
-        let tag = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
-
-        let name: Option<Tagged<String>> = args.opt(0)?;
-        let name = name.map(|v| v.item);
-
-        let series = NuSeries::try_from_iter(args.input, name)?;
-
-        Ok(InputStream::one(series.into_value(tag)))
-    }
-
-    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
-        vec![Example {
-            description: "Takes an input stream and converts it to a polars series",
-            example: "[1 2 3 4] | dataframe to-series my-col",
-            result: None,
-        }]
-    }
-}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/where_.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/where_.rs
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::{evaluate_baseline_expr, WholeStreamCommand};
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::NuDataFrame,
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
    hir::{CapturedBlock, ClassifiedCommand, Expression, Literal, Operator, SpannedExpression},
    Primitive, Signature, SyntaxShape, UnspannedPathMember, UntaggedValue, Value,
 };
@ -37,7 +37,15 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Filter dataframe based on column a",
            example: "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe where a == 1",
-            result: None,
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![
+                    Column::new("a".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(1).into()]),
+                    Column::new("b".to_string(), vec![UntaggedValue::int(2).into()]),
+                ],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -91,7 +99,7 @@ fn command(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

    let rhs = evaluate_baseline_expr(&expression.right, &args.context)?;

-    filter_dataframe(args, &col_name, &col_name_span, &rhs, &expression.op)
+    filter_dataframe(args, col_name, col_name_span, &rhs, &expression.op)
 }

 macro_rules! comparison_arm {
@ -143,7 +151,7 @@ fn filter_dataframe(
    }?;

    let span = args.call_info.name_tag.span;
-    let df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &span)?;
+    let (df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &span)?;

    let col = df
        .as_ref()
@ -214,3 +222,16 @@ fn filter_dataframe(
        args.call_info.name_tag,
    )))
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/with_column.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/dataframe/with_column.rs
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
 use nu_protocol::{
-    dataframe::{NuDataFrame, PolarsData},
+    dataframe::{Column, NuDataFrame},
    Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue, Value,
 };
 use nu_source::Tagged;
@ -33,8 +33,35 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for DataFrame {
        vec![Example {
            description: "Adds a series to the dataframe",
            example:
-                "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe with-column ([5 6] | dataframe to-series) --name c",
-            result: None,
+                "[[a b]; [1 2] [3 4]] | dataframe to-df | dataframe with-column ([5 6] | dataframe to-df) --name c",
+            result: Some(vec![NuDataFrame::try_from_columns(
+                vec![
+                    Column::new(
+                        "a".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::int(1).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(3).into(),
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                    Column::new(
+                        "b".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::int(2).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(4).into(),
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                    Column::new(
+                        "c".to_string(),
+                        vec![
+                            UntaggedValue::int(5).into(),
+                            UntaggedValue::int(6).into(),
+                        ],
+                    ),
+                ],
+                &Span::default(),
+            )
+            .expect("simple df for test should not fail")
+            .into_value(Tag::default())]),
        }]
    }
 }
@ -44,8 +71,8 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let value: Value = args.req(0)?;
    let name: Tagged<String> = args.req_named("name")?;

-    let mut series = match value.value {
-        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(PolarsData::Series(series)) => Ok(series),
+    let df = match value.value {
+        UntaggedValue::DataFrame(df) => Ok(df),
        _ => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "Incorrect type",
            "can only add a series to a dataframe",
@ -53,9 +80,11 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
        )),
    }?;

-    let series = series.as_mut().rename(name.item.as_ref()).clone();
+    let mut series = df.as_series(&value.tag.span)?;

-    let mut df = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;
+    let series = series.rename(name.item.as_ref()).clone();
+
+    let (mut df, _) = NuDataFrame::try_from_stream(&mut args.input, &tag.span)?;

    df.as_mut()
        .with_column(series)
@ -63,3 +92,16 @@ fn command(mut args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

    Ok(OutputStream::one(df.into_value(tag)))
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::DataFrame;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test_dataframe as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(DataFrame {})
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/env/let_env.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/env/let_env.rs
@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ pub fn set_env(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<ActionStream, ShellError> {
    ctx.scope.enter_scope();
    ctx.scope.add_vars(&captured.entries);

-    let value = evaluate_baseline_expr(&expr, &ctx);
+    let value = evaluate_baseline_expr(&expr, ctx);

    ctx.scope.exit_scope();

--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/env/load_env.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/env/load_env.rs
@ -85,10 +85,10 @@ pub fn load_env(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<ActionStream, ShellError> {
    let ctx = &args.context;

    if let Some(values) = args.opt::<Vec<Value>>(0)? {
-        load_env_from_table(values, &ctx)?;
+        load_env_from_table(values, ctx)?;
    }

-    load_env_from_table(args.input, &ctx)?;
+    load_env_from_table(args.input, ctx)?;

    Ok(ActionStream::empty())
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/env/with_env.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/env/with_env.rs
@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ fn with_env(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<ActionStream, ShellError> {
    context.scope.add_env(env);
    context.scope.add_vars(&block.captured.entries);

-    let result = run_block(&block.block, &context, args.input, external_redirection);
+    let result = run_block(&block.block, context, args.input, external_redirection);
    context.scope.exit_scope();

    result.map(|x| x.into_action_stream())
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filesystem/rm.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filesystem/rm.rs
@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ use crate::prelude::*;
 use nu_engine::shell::RemoveArgs;
 use nu_engine::WholeStreamCommand;
 use nu_errors::ShellError;
-use nu_protocol::{Signature, SyntaxShape};
+use nu_protocol::{Primitive, Signature, SyntaxShape, UntaggedValue};
+use nu_source::Tagged;

 pub struct Remove;

@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ fn rm(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<ActionStream, ShellError> {
    let name = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
    let shell_manager = args.shell_manager();

-    let args = RemoveArgs {
+    let mut rm_args = RemoveArgs {
        rest: args.rest(0)?,
        recursive: args.has_flag("recursive"),
        trash: args.has_flag("trash"),
@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ fn rm(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<ActionStream, ShellError> {
        force: args.has_flag("force"),
    };

-    if args.trash && args.permanent {
+    if rm_args.trash && rm_args.permanent {
        return Ok(ActionStream::one(Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "only one of --permanent and --trash can be used",
            "conflicting flags",
@ -82,7 +83,19 @@ fn rm(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<ActionStream, ShellError> {
        ))));
    }

-    shell_manager.rm(args, name)
+    if rm_args.rest.is_empty() {
+        let mut input_peek = args.input.peekable();
+        while let Some(v) = &input_peek.next() {
+            if let UntaggedValue::Primitive(Primitive::FilePath(path)) = &v.value {
+                rm_args.rest.push(Tagged {
+                    item: path.to_path_buf(),
+                    tag: args.call_info.name_tag.clone(),
+                })
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    shell_manager.rm(rm_args, name)
 }

 #[cfg(test)]
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filters/all.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filters/all.rs
@ -96,7 +96,11 @@ fn all(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    let result = args.input.fold(init, move |acc, row| {
        let condition = condition.clone();
        let ctx = ctx.clone();
-        ctx.scope.add_var("$it", row);
+        if let Some(positional) = all_args.predicate.block.params.positional.get(0) {
+            ctx.scope.add_var(positional.0.name(), row);
+        } else {
+            ctx.scope.add_var("$it", row);
+        }

        let condition = evaluate_baseline_expr(&condition, &ctx);

--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filters/collect.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filters/collect.rs
@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ fn collect(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

    let result = run_block(
        &block.block,
-        &context,
+        context,
        InputStream::empty(),
        external_redirection,
    );
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filters/first.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filters/first.rs
@ -126,11 +126,13 @@ fn first(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
                tag,
            )),
            #[cfg(all(not(target_arch = "wasm32"), feature = "dataframe"))]
-            UntaggedValue::DataFrame(_) => Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
-                "unsure how to handled UntaggedValue::DataFrame",
-                "found dataframe",
-                tag,
-            )),
+            UntaggedValue::DataFrame(_) | UntaggedValue::FrameStruct(_) => {
+                Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
+                    "unsure how to handled dataframe struct",
+                    "found dataframe",
+                    tag,
+                ))
+            }
        },
        None => Ok(input_peek.take(rows_desired).into_output_stream()),
    }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filters/merge.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filters/merge.rs
@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ fn merge(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<ActionStream, ShellError> {
    context.scope.add_vars(&block.captured.entries);
    let result = run_block(
        &block.block,
-        &context,
+        context,
        InputStream::empty(),
        ExternalRedirection::Stdout,
    );
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filters/reverse.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filters/reverse.rs
@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for Reverse {

 #[allow(clippy::needless_collect)]
 fn reverse(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<ActionStream, ShellError> {
+    // Clippy warning should be ignored
+    // This collect is needed to apply rev
    let input = args.input.collect::<Vec<_>>();
    Ok((input.into_iter().rev().map(ReturnSuccess::value)).into_action_stream())
 }
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filters/select.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filters/select.rs
@ -26,7 +26,11 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for Command {
    }

    fn run(&self, args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
-        select(args)
+        let columns: Vec<ColumnPath> = args.rest(0)?;
+        let input = args.input;
+        let name = args.call_info.name_tag;
+
+        select(name, columns, input)
    }

    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
@ -45,11 +49,11 @@ impl WholeStreamCommand for Command {
    }
 }

-fn select(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
-    let name = args.call_info.name_tag.clone();
-    let columns: Vec<ColumnPath> = args.rest(0)?;
-    let input = args.input;
-
+fn select(
+    name: Tag,
+    columns: Vec<ColumnPath>,
+    input: InputStream,
+) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    if columns.is_empty() {
        return Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
            "Select requires columns to select",
@ -119,7 +123,11 @@ fn select(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
                        return Err(reason);
                    }

-                    bring_back.entry(key.clone()).or_insert(vec![]);
+                    // No value for column 'key' found, insert nothing to make sure all rows contain all keys.
+                    bring_back
+                        .entry(key.clone())
+                        .or_insert(vec![])
+                        .push(UntaggedValue::nothing().into());
                }
            }
        }
@ -154,3 +162,65 @@ fn select(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {
    }))
    .into_output_stream())
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use nu_protocol::ColumnPath;
+    use nu_source::Span;
+    use nu_source::SpannedItem;
+    use nu_source::Tag;
+    use nu_stream::InputStream;
+    use nu_test_support::value::nothing;
+    use nu_test_support::value::row;
+    use nu_test_support::value::string;
+
+    use super::select;
+    use super::Command;
+    use super::ShellError;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn examples_work_as_expected() -> Result<(), ShellError> {
+        use crate::examples::test as test_examples;
+
+        test_examples(Command {})
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn select_using_sparse_table() {
+        // Create a sparse table with 3 rows:
+        //   col_foo | col_bar
+        //   -----------------
+        //   foo     |
+        //           | bar
+        //   foo     |
+        let input = vec![
+            row(indexmap! {"col_foo".into() => string("foo")}),
+            row(indexmap! {"col_bar".into() => string("bar")}),
+            row(indexmap! {"col_foo".into() => string("foo")}),
+        ];
+
+        let expected = vec![
+            row(
+                indexmap! {"col_none".into() => nothing(), "col_foo".into() => string("foo"), "col_bar".into() => nothing()},
+            ),
+            row(
+                indexmap! {"col_none".into() => nothing(), "col_foo".into() => nothing(), "col_bar".into() => string("bar")},
+            ),
+            row(
+                indexmap! {"col_none".into() => nothing(), "col_foo".into() => string("foo"), "col_bar".into() => nothing()},
+            ),
+        ];
+
+        let actual = select(
+            Tag::unknown(),
+            vec![
+                ColumnPath::build(&"col_none".to_string().spanned(Span::unknown())),
+                ColumnPath::build(&"col_foo".to_string().spanned(Span::unknown())),
+                ColumnPath::build(&"col_bar".to_string().spanned(Span::unknown())),
+            ],
+            input.into(),
+        );
+
+        assert_eq!(Ok(expected), actual.map(InputStream::into_vec));
+    }
+}
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filters/uniq.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/filters/uniq.rs
@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ fn uniq(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<ActionStream, ShellError> {
                        ))
                    }
                    #[cfg(feature = "dataframe")]
-                    UntaggedValue::DataFrame(_) => {
+                    UntaggedValue::DataFrame(_) | UntaggedValue::FrameStruct(_) => {
                        return Err(ShellError::labeled_error(
                            "uniq -c cannot operate on data structs",
                            "source",
--- a/crates/nu-command/src/commands/formats/from/json.rs
+++ b/crates/nu-command/src/commands/formats/from/json.rs
@ -69,10 +69,10 @@ fn from_json(args: CommandArgs) -> Result<OutputStream, ShellError> {

    let concat_string = args.input.collect_string(name_tag.clone())?;

-    let string_clone: Vec<_> = concat_string.item.lines().map(|x| x.to_string()).collect();
-
    if objects {
-        Ok(string_clone
+        #[allow(clippy::needless_collect)]
+        let lines: Vec<_> = concat_string.item.lines().map(|x| x.to_string()).collect();
+        Ok(lines
            .into_iter()
            .filter_map(move |json_str| {
                if json_str.is_empty() {
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
JT	bc682066d8	Bump to 0.35 (#3884 )	2021-08-03 20:01:09 +12:00
Lily Mara	0a1cdc5107	Add the nu-serde crate (#3878 ) * Add the nu-serde crate nu-serde is a crate that can be used to turn a value implementing `serde::Serialize` into a `nu-protocol::Value`. This has the potential to significantly simplify plugin authorship. This crate was the previously independent [serde-nu](https://github.com/lily-mara/serde-nu) but the nushell maintainers expressed an interest in having it added to the mainline nushell repository. * fixup! Add the nu-serde crate	2021-07-31 22:03:13 -05:00
Fernando Herrera	6984185e61	Better representation in nested dataframes (#3875 ) * better dataframe representation in nested df * Error message correction	2021-07-31 09:02:32 -05:00
Fernando Herrera	5826126284	simple contains arguments (#3874 )	2021-07-31 09:01:05 -05:00
Lily Mara	762e528ec5	Support equals sign in shorthand environment variable values (#3869 ) Some environment variables, such as `RUST_LOG` include equals signs. Nushell should support this in the shorthand environment variable syntax so that developers using these variables can control them easily. We accomplish this by swapping `std::str::split` for `std::str::splitn`, which ensures that we only consider the first equals sign in the string instead of all of them, which we did previously. Closes #3867	2021-07-31 09:10:28 +12:00
JT	c3de9848b4	Revert "Unify use of the `surf` crate (#3855 )" (#3871 ) This reverts commit `7f7af2bbaa`.	2021-07-31 09:04:01 +12:00
Peter Cunderlik	370ae8c20c	Add support for mult-doc YAML files (#3870 ) Single doc YAML files are returned as before. Multi-doc YAML files are wrapped in an outer Table. Empty YAML files return Nothing.	2021-07-30 15:45:19 -05:00
Joel Afriyie	69083bfca0	Adding parse fix for power operator error on negative integers and de… (#3821 ) * Adding parse fix for power operator error on negative integers and decimal * Adding correct formatting * Changed is negative check to follow conventions * Adding tests * Added fix for the negatives and added tests * Removed comments	2021-07-30 07:08:57 -05:00
Darren Schroeder	1e15f26e98	fix interpolated strings when using unicode (#3866 ) * fix interpolated strings when using unicode * added test case	2021-07-29 19:07:34 -05:00
Darren Schroeder	23ba01d89c	add performance metrics for measuring startup time (#3854 ) * add performance metrics for measureing startup time * removed some comments * update so tests pass * update default.toml for tests, merged main * fix clippy lints * wording changes	2021-07-29 18:52:40 -05:00
Fernando Herrera	653cbe651f	Going deeper (#3864 ) * nuframe in its own type in UntaggedValue * Removed eager dataframe from enum * Dataframe created from list of values * Corrected order in dataframe columns * Returned tag from stream collection * Removed series from dataframe commands * Arithmetic operators * forced push * forced push * Replace all command * String commands * appending operations with dfs * Testing suite for dataframes * Unit test for dataframe commands * improved equality for dataframes * moving all dataframe operations to protocol * objects in dataframes * Removed cloning when converting to row	2021-07-30 09:16:30 +12:00
JT	f3e487e829	Add named positionals to all (#3863 )	2021-07-30 09:12:24 +12:00
Eli Flanagan	9c016ad479	document compiling without openssl (#3862 )	2021-07-30 08:21:20 +12:00
JT	e602647d4d	Fix clippy lint and disable broken lint (#3865 )	2021-07-30 08:11:47 +12:00
Peter Cunderlik	9696e4d315	Improve md5 and sha256 code (#3841 ) * Refactor Hash code to simplify md5 and sha256 implementations Md5 and Sha256 (and other future digests) require less boilerplate code now. Error reporting includues the name of the hash again. * Add missing hash sha256 test	2021-07-29 10:22:16 -05:00
Daniel Egger	7f7af2bbaa	Unify use of the `surf` crate (#3855 ) This brings the features used by the `nu_plugin_fetch` and `nu_plugin_post` in line and drops the default-features, reducing the number of pulled-in dependencies and avoiding a second round of compilations. Retry of #3777 but with different features, post and fetch plugin tested Signed-off-by: Daniel Egger <daniel@eggers-club.de>	2021-07-29 19:26:38 +12:00
Peter Cunderlik	b190051e15	Fix select to insert nulls in sparse tables instead of ignoring absent values (#3857 ) Select used to ignore absent values resulting in "squashing" where columns for multiple rows could be squashed into a single row. This fixes the problem by inserting null/nothing into absent value, thus preserving the structure of rows. This makes sure that all selected columns are present in each row.	2021-07-28 16:39:42 -05:00
Fernando Herrera	83b28cad8d	Remove dependencies (#3853 ) * nuframe in its own type in UntaggedValue * Removed eager dataframe from enum * Dataframe created from list of values * Corrected order in dataframe columns * Returned tag from stream collection * Removed series from dataframe commands * Arithmetic operators * forced push * forced push * Replace all command * String commands * appending operations with dfs * Testing suite for dataframes * Unit test for dataframe commands * improved equality for dataframes * moving all dataframe operations to protocol	2021-07-27 14:20:06 -05:00
ken.chen	ea42a84a4a	Update implementing_a_command.md (#3848 ) + nu-command/src/command.rs has been modified to nu-command/src/mod.rs in nowable version	2021-07-27 09:03:52 -05:00
Darren Schroeder	e4c282f0a6	added the ability to compare time units like 1hr < 2hr (#3845 )	2021-07-26 15:19:32 -05:00
Fernando Herrera	d54d7cc431	append dataframes (#3839 )	2021-07-26 08:36:09 +12:00
Peter Cunderlik	111477aa74	Add sha256 to the hash command (#3836 ) Hashers now uses on Rust Crypto Digest trait which makes it trivial to implement additional hash functions. The original `md5` crate does not implement the Digest trait and was replaced by `md-5` crate which does. Sha256 uses already included `sha2` crate.	2021-07-25 14:08:08 -05:00
JT	226739d13f	Bump to 0.34.1 (#3835 )	2021-07-25 22:58:33 +12:00
Fernando Herrera	f1ee9113ac	All is a DataFrame (#3812 ) * nuframe in its own type in UntaggedValue * Removed eager dataframe from enum * Dataframe created from list of values * Corrected order in dataframe columns * Returned tag from stream collection * Removed series from dataframe commands * Arithmetic operators * forced push * forced push * Replace all command * String commands * appending operations with dfs * Testing suite for dataframes * Unit test for dataframe commands * improved equality for dataframes	2021-07-25 22:01:54 +12:00
Kat Marchán	9120a64cfb	use chrono_humanize for datetime formatting (#3834 ) * use chrono_humanize for datetime formatting * fix tests	2021-07-25 20:38:45 +12:00
Kat Marchán	fcd624a722	add `date humanize` command (#3833 ) * add `date humanize` command * add docs	2021-07-25 17:33:31 +12:00
soumil-07	e6af7f75a1	Read from standard input in `rm` (#3763 ) * Read from standard input in `rm` With this change, rm falls back to reading from the standard input if no arguments are supplied. This leads to more intuitive pipes as seen in https://github.com/nushell/nushell/issues/2824 ls \| get name \| sort-by \| first 20 \| each {rm $it} becomes ls \| get name \| sort-by \| first 20 \| rm * [Fix] Run cargo fmt, make files a rest parameter, and fix cargo build warnings * [Fix] Fix clippy suggestions	2021-07-25 15:01:53 +12:00
Darren Schroeder	27f1e7b60c	change describe so it doesn't output colored strings (#3832 )	2021-07-25 06:34:11 +12:00
Jakub Žádník	2e24de7f47	Support other variables than PATH in pathvar (2nd attempt) (#3828 ) * Fix swapped PATH env var separators * Support pathvar to manipulate other vars than PATH * Add tests for pathvar and its subcommands * Adjust pathvar tests to comply with env quirks * Make pathvar tests work on non-Windows as well * Compact the comments in pathvar tests * Fix last failing test Co-authored-by: Jakub Žádník <jakub.zadnik@tuni.fi>	2021-07-24 11:44:36 -05:00
Nathan Thomas	e514204db0	Fix wrong path separator (#3829 )	2021-07-24 08:42:50 -05:00
Darren Schroeder	0f9e55dac6	Revert "Support other variables than PATH in pathvar (#3791 )" (#3827 ) This reverts commit `f9f39c0a1c`.	2021-07-23 09:03:28 -05:00
Peter Cunderlik	5d7677dd07	Implement into path conversion (#3811 ) This allows converting strings to filepaths without having to use `path expand` roundtrip. Filepaths are taken as-is without any validation/conversion.	2021-07-23 19:14:02 +12:00
Sam Bordo	57073cc6cf	port capitalize to engine-p (#3794 ) Part of #3390.	2021-07-23 19:13:11 +12:00
Jakub Žádník	f9f39c0a1c	Support other variables than PATH in pathvar (#3791 ) * Fix swapped PATH env var separators * Support pathvar to manipulate other vars than PATH * Add tests for pathvar and its subcommands * Fix PATH env name for Windows Seems like Windows uses PATH as well. Co-authored-by: Jakub Žádník <jakub.zadnik@tuni.fi>	2021-07-23 19:11:56 +12:00
Kat Marchán	d88d7f26e4	fix typo in release.yml (#3824 )	2021-07-22 12:42:11 -05:00
Kat Marchán	aeaedd2e5e	Convert templates to github forms (#3818 ) * Create feature_request.yaml * Rename feature_request.yaml to feature_request.yml * Update feature_request.yml * Update feature_request.yml * Create bug_report.yml * Update bug_report.yml * Update bug_report.yml * Update feature_request.yml * Delete bug_report.md * Delete feature_request.md	2021-07-23 05:39:20 +12:00
TechWatching	1f4ef3b606	Add worflow to publish package in winget (#3819 ) Remove the job in release workflow to publish to winget. Trigger winget workflow on published release. Co-authored-by: Alexandre Nedelec <Alexandre.Nedelec@azeo.com>	2021-07-22 11:38:03 -05:00
Fernando Herrera	9b5db297a6	Replace command (#3823 ) * replace command * cargo fmt * Signature correction	2021-07-22 08:45:46 -05:00
Jakub Žádník	b7215b5dde	Fix expected age of mockup files in example tests (#3808 )	2021-07-20 18:05:58 -05:00
Fernando Herrera	411435d68f	Dataframe Shape command (#3805 ) * size command to get dataframe info * change command name to shape * apply lint to file	2021-07-20 07:07:42 -05:00
Darren Schroeder	f656f906ff	Update stale.yml update days-before-issue-stale to 90 days	2021-07-19 15:03:24 -05:00
Darren Schroeder	d0a7363e64	`bat` theme wasn't getting set properly (#3807 )	2021-07-19 14:54:36 -05:00
Sertac Olgunsoylu	7401fa2fa5	Fix docs for the config variable `completion_type` (#3804 )	2021-07-19 07:20:56 -05:00
Darren Schroeder	181ee1dade	Revert "Unify use of the `surf` crate (#3777 )" (#3783 ) This reverts commit `37612345f2`.	2021-07-14 20:21:18 -05:00
Fernando Herrera	3645a0f0e4	Updated polars version for faster CSV reader (#3781 )	2021-07-14 15:33:21 -05:00
Darren Schroeder	2864eaebae	fixed `show_hints` option to allow hints to be turned off (#3780 )	2021-07-14 09:47:33 -05:00
Daniel Egger	37612345f2	Unify use of the `surf` crate (#3777 ) This brings the features used by the `nu_plugin_fetch` and `nu_plugin_post` in line and drops the default-features, reducing the number of pulled-in dependencies and avoiding a second round of compilations. Signed-off-by: Daniel Egger <daniel@eggers-club.de>	2021-07-14 08:47:49 -05:00
Fernando Herrera	bb218b824e	corrected position of dataframes (#3776 )	2021-07-14 08:46:32 -05:00
TechWatching	279329bfaa	Add the -s parameter to submit package to winget in pipeline (#3767 ) Co-authored-by: Alexandre Nedelec <Alexandre.Nedelec@azeo.com>	2021-07-13 18:35:56 -05:00