starship/docs/zh-CN/faq/README.md
Matan Kushner 4ab10c8d10
docs(i18n): new Crowdin updates (#5898)
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# 常见问题
## 主页示例图中的效果用的是什么配置?
- **终端模拟器**[iTerm2](https://iterm2.com/)
- **主题**Minimal
- **颜色方案**[Snazzy](https://github.com/sindresorhus/iterm2-snazzy)
- **字体**[Fira Code Nerd Font](https://www.nerdfonts.com/font-downloads)
- **Shell**[Fish Shell](https://fishshell.com/)
- **fish 配置**[matchai's Dotfiles](https://github.com/matchai/dotfiles/blob/b6c6a701d0af8d145a8370288c00bb9f0648b5c2/.config/fish/config.fish)
- **提示符工具**[Starship](https://starship.rs/)
## 如何实现示例图中自动补全的功能?
命令自动补全功能是由您选择的 Shell 提供。 演示中的自动补全由 [Fish Shell](https://fishshell.com/) 完成,它默认开启自动补全。 若您使用 Z Shell (zsh),推荐您查看 [zsh-autosuggestions](https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions)。
## 顶层配置 `format` 与 `<module>.disabled` 的功能是相同的吗?
是的,他们都可以用来禁用提示符中的组件。 如果你只是想禁用组件,推荐使用 `<module>.disabled`,原因如下:
- 在顶层配置 `format` 里忽略组件与禁用组件相比较,后者更加明确
- 当 Starship 升级后,新组件将能够自动被加入提示符中
## 文档中写 Starship 适用于任何 Shell。 为什么我常用的 Shell 不支持?
Starship 的构建方式决定了它应当能够增加对几乎所有 shell 的支持。 Starship 的二进制文件是无状态、不知道当前 shell 的,所以只要你的 shell 支持自定义提示符和 shell 扩展,就能使用 Starship。
这是一个在 bash 上使用 Starship 的简单例子:
```sh
# 获取最后执行命令的返回值
STATUS=$?
# 获取运行后台程序的数量
NUM_JOBS=$(jobs -p | wc -l)
# 设置提示符为 `starship prompt` 的输出
PS1="$(starship prompt --status=$STATUS --jobs=$NUM_JOBS)"
```
内置于 Starship 的 [Bash 适配](https://github.com/starship/starship/blob/master/src/init/starship.bash) 稍微复杂一些,实现了像 [命令用时统计组件](https://starship.rs/config/#command-duration) 这样的功能,还确保 Starship 能与之前设置的 Bash 配置相兼容。
使用以下命令了解 `starship prompt` 所能接受的所有参数:
```sh
starship prompt --help
```
Starship 会处理所提供的全部上下文参数并在提示符中显示,但没有参数是“必需”的。
## 我如何在 Linux 发行版上使用旧版本 glibc 运行 Starship
若您在使用预构建的程序时遇到类似“_version 'GLIBC_2.18' not found (required by starship)_”的错误例如在 CentOS 6 或 7 里运行)您可以使用 `musl` 的编译版本,而非 `glibc` 版本。
```sh
curl -sS https://starship.rs/install.sh | sh -s -- --platform unknown-linux-musl
```
## 为什么我会遇到 `Executing command "..." timed out.` 警告?
Starship 会执行数个不同的命令来获取应该显示的信息,例如某个程序的版本号、现在 Git 的工作树状态。 为保证 Starship 不会在执行某条命令时卡住Starship 会终止执行时间过长的命令并且输出以上警告。这是正常现象。 若希望增加时长限制,它可以在 [`command_timeout` 设置](../config/#prompt) 处自定义。 您也可以按照下文的调试步骤查看并优化运行慢的命令。 最后,您也可以设置环境变量 `STARSHIP_LOG``error` 来隐藏这些警告。
## 我不理解某些符号,它们是什么意思?
若您不清楚某些符号,可以使用 `starship explain` 查看正在显示的组件。
## Starship 运行不正常,我该如何调试?
您可以使用环境变量 `STARSHIP_LOG` 来开启调试日志。 这些日志可能过于详细,所以更常使用 `module` 来调试特定的组件。例如要调试 `rust` 组件,您可以使用下列命令来获取它的日志和输出。
```sh
env STARSHIP_LOG=trace starship module rust
```
If starship is being slow you can try using the `timings` command to see if there is a particular module or command that is to blame.
```sh
env STARSHIP_LOG=trace starship timings
```
它会输出日志,并且记录有输出的组件、运行时长超过 1 毫秒的组件。
最后,如果发现了 bug请使用 `bug-report` 命令创建 GitHub 议题。
```sh
starship bug-report
```
## 为什么我在提示符中看不到某个字符?
最常见的原因是系统配置有问题。 有个别Linux发行版不自带对字体的支持。 请确保:
- 您的字符集应设置为 UTF-8例如 `de_DE.UTF-8``ja_JP.UTF-8`。 若 `LC_ALL` 不是 UTF-8 [你需要手动设置它](https://www.tecmint.com/set-system-locales-in-linux/)。
- 安装了 emoji 字体。 大部分系统都会自带 emoji 字体,但有些系统(例如 Arch Linux则没有。 字体一般可以用系统的包管理器安装,常见的字体有 [Noto emoji](https://www.google.com/get/noto/help/emoji/) 等。
- 您正在使用 [Nerd Font](https://www.nerdfonts.com/)。
在终端内运行以下命令来测试:
```sh
echo -e "\xf0\x9f\x90\x8d"
echo -e "\xee\x82\xa0"
```
第一行应该显示出一个[蛇的 emoji](https://emojipedia.org/snake/),第二行应该显示出 [powerline 的分支符号e0a0](https://github.com/ryanoasis/powerline-extra-symbols#glyphs).
若任一符号显示错误,则您的系统配置不正确。 有些时候正确配置字体并不简单。 Discord 里的用户或许能提供帮助。 若两个字符显示正确,但您仍然不能在 Starship 中看到那个字符,请 [提交错误报告](https://github.com/starship/starship/issues/new/choose)
## 如何卸载 Starship
Starship 的卸载过程与安装过程一样简单。
1. 将 shell 的配置文件(比如 `~/.bashrc`)中初始化 Starship 的部分全部删除。
1. 删除 Starship 的二进制文件。
如果 Starship 是用包管理器安装的,请到包管理器的文档中查找卸载的步骤。
如果 Starship 是用安装脚本安装的,可以用以下命令删除二进制文件:
```sh
# 找到并且删除 Starship 二进制文件
sh -c 'rm "$(command -v 'starship')"'
```
## 我如何在没有 `sudo` 的情况下安装 Starship
Shell 安装脚本(`https://starship.rs/install`) 只尝试使用 `sudo`当安装目录不可被当前用户写入 The default installation directory is the value of the `$BIN_DIR` environment variable or `/usr/local/bin` if `$BIN_DIR` is not set. 如果你使用一个用户可写的安装目录替代, 你应该可以不使用 `sudo` 安装 Starship 例如, `curl -sS https://starship.rs/install.sh | sh -s -- -b ~/.local/bin` 使用 `-b` 选项设置安装目录到 `~/.local/bin`
对于非交互 Starship 安装, 请添加 `-y` 以跳过确认 查看安装脚本源码以获取所有支持的选项
当使用包管理器时, 查询包管理器关于有无`sudo`安装的文档