fixes https://github.com/zrepl/zrepl/issues/742
Before this PR, when chaining replication from
A => B => C, if B had placeholders and the `filesystems`
included these placeholders, we'd incorrectly
fail the planning phase with error
`sender does not have any versions`.
The non-placeholder child filesystems of these placeholders
would then fail to replicate because of the
initial-replication-dependency-tracking that we do, i.e.,
their parent failed to initially replication, hence
they fail to replicate as well
(`parent(s) failed during initial replication`).
We can do better than that because we have the information
whether a sender-side filesystem is a placeholder.
This PR makes the planner act on that information.
The outcome is that placeholders are replicated as
placeholders (albeit the receiver remains in control
of how these placeholders are created, i.e., `recv.placeholders`)
The mechanism to do it is:
1. Don't plan any replication steps for filesystems that
are placeholders on the sender.
2. Ensure that, if a receiving-side filesystem exists, it
is indeed a placeholder.
Check (2) may seem overly restrictive, but, the goal here
is not just to mirror all non-placeholder filesystems, but
also to mirror the hierarchy.
Testing performed:
- [x] confirm with issue reporter that this PR fixes their issue
- [x] add a regression test that fails without the changes in this PR
Before this PR, we would panic in the `check` phase of `endpoint.Send()`'s `TryBatchDestroy` call in the following cases: the current protection strategy does NOT produce a tentative replication cursor AND
* `FromVersion` is a tentative cursor bookmark
* `FromVersion` is a snapshot, and there exists a tentative cursor bookmark for that snapshot
* `FromVersion` is a bookmark != tentative cursor bookmark, but there exists a tentative cursor bookmark for the same snapshot as the `FromVersion` bookmark
In those cases, the `check` concluded that we would delete `FromVersion`.
It came to that conclusion because the tentative cursor isn't part of `obsoleteAbs` if the protection strategy doesn't produce a tentative replication cursor.
The scenarios above can happen if the user changes the protection strategy from "with tentative cursor" to one "without tentative replication cursor", while there is a tentative replication cursor on disk.
The workaround was to rename the tentative cursor.
In all cases above, `TryBatchDestroy` would have destroyed the tentative cursor.
In case 1, that would fail the `Send` step and potentially break replication if the cursor is the last common bookmark. The `check` conclusion was correct.
In cases 2 and 3, deleting the tentative cursor would have been fine because `FromVersion` was a different entity than the tentative cursor. So, destroying the tentative cursor would be the right call.
The solution in this PR is as follows:
* add the `FromVersion` to the `liveAbs` set of live abstractions
* rewrite the `check` closure to use the full dataset path (`fullpath`) to identify the concrete ZFS object instead of the `zfs.FilesystemVersionEqualIdentity`, which is only identified by matching GUID.
* Holds have no dataset path and are not the `FromVersion` in any case, so disregard them.
fixes#666
This PR adds a Prometheus counter called
`zrepl_zfs_list_unmatched_user_specified_dataset_count`.
Monitor for increases of the counter to detect filesystem filter rules that
have no effect because they don't match any local filesystem.
An example use case for this is the following story:
1. Someone sets up zrepl with `filesystems` filter for `zroot/pg14<`.
2. During the upgrade to Postgres 15, they rename the dataset to `zroot/pg15`,
but forget to update the zrepl `filesystems` filter.
3. zrepl will not snapshot / replicate the `zroot/pg15<` datasets.
Since `filesystems` rules are always evaluated on the side that has the datasets,
we can smuggle this functionality into the `zfs` module's `ZFSList` function that
is used by all jobs with a `filesystems` filter.
Dashboard changes:
- histogram with increase in $__interval, one row per job
- table with increase in $__range
- explainer text box, so, people know what the previous two are about
We had to re-arrange some panels, hence the Git diff isn't great.
closes https://github.com/zrepl/zrepl/pull/653
Co-authored-by: Christian Schwarz <me@cschwarz.com>
Co-authored-by: Goran Mekić <meka@tilda.center>
A newer version of staticheck found these:
> SA4029: sort.StringSlice is a type, not a function, and
> sort.StringSlice(variants) doesn't sort your values; consider using
> sort.Strings instead (staticcheck)
Before this change, resuming from an unencrypted dataset with
send.raw=true specified wouldn't work with zrepl due to overly
restrictive resume token checking.
An initial PR to fix this was made in https://github.com/zrepl/zrepl/pull/503
but it didn't address the core of the problem.
The core of the problem was that zrepl assumed that if a resume token
contained `rawok=true, compressok=true`, the resulting send would be
encrypted. But if the sender dataset was unencrypted, such a resume would
actually result in an unencrypted send.
Which could be totally legitimate but zrepl failed to recognize that.
BACKGROUND
==========
The following snippets of OpenZFS code are insightful regarding how the
various ${X}ok values in the resume token are handled:
- 6c3c5fcfbe/module/zfs/dmu_send.c (L1947-L2012)
- 6c3c5fcfbe/module/zfs/dmu_recv.c (L877-L891)
- https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/blob/6c3c5fc/lib/libzfs/libzfs_sendrecv.c#L1663-L1672
Basically, some zfs send flags make the DMU send code set some DMU send
stream featureflags, although it's not a pure mapping, i.e, which DMU
send stream flags are used depends somewhat on the dataset (e.g., is it
encrypted or not, or, does it use zstd or not).
Then, the receiver looks at some (but not all) feature flags and maps
them to ${X}ok dataset zap attributes.
These are funnelled back to the sender 1:1 through the resume_token.
And the sender turns them into lzc flags.
As an example, let's look at zfs send --raw.
if the sender requests a raw send on an unencrypted dataset, the send
stream (and hence the resume token) will not have the raw stream
featureflag set, and hence the resume token will not have the rawok
field set. Instead, it will have compressok, embedok, and depending
on whether large blocks are present in the dataset, largeblockok set.
WHAT'S ZREPL'S ROLE IN THIS?
============================
zrepl provides a virtual encrypted sendflag that is like `raw`,
but further ensures that we only send encrypted datasets.
For any other resume token stuff, it shoudn't do any checking,
because it's a futile effort to keep up with ZFS send/recv features
that are orthogonal to encryption.
CHANGES MADE IN THIS COMMIT
===========================
- Rip out a bunch of needless checking that zrepl would do during
planning. These checks were there to give better error messages,
but actually, the error messages created by the endpoint.Sender.Send
RPC upon send args validation failure are good enough.
- Add platformtests to validate all combinations of
(Unencrypted/Encrypted FS) x (send.encrypted = true | false) x (send.raw = true | false)
for cases both non-resuming and resuming send.
Additional manual testing done:
1. With zrepl 0.5, setup with unencrypted dataset, send.raw=true specified, no send.encrypted specified.
2. Observe that regular non-resuming send works, but resuming doesn't work.
3. Upgrade zrepl to this change.
4. Observe that both regular and resuming send works.
closes https://github.com/zrepl/zrepl/pull/613
The goroutine that does endTask() for
"list-abstractions-streamed-producer" can be preempted
after it has closed the out and outErrs channel,
but before it calls endTask().
If the parent ("handler") then gets scheduled and
and ends itself, it will observe an active child task
"list-abstractions-streamed-producer".
This is easy to demo by injecting a sleep here:
--- a/endpoint/endpoint_zfs_abstraction.go
+++ b/endpoint/endpoint_zfs_abstraction.go
@@ -575,6 +576,7 @@ func ListAbstractionsStreamed(ctx context.Context, query ListZFSHoldsAndBookmark
ctx, endTask := trace.WithTask(ctx, "list-abstractions-streamed-producer")
go func() {
defer endTask()
+ defer time.Sleep(10 * time.Second)
defer close(out)
defer close(outErrs)
fixes https://github.com/zrepl/zrepl/issues/607
Config:
```
- type: push
...
conflict_resolution:
initial_replication: most_recent | all | fali
```
The ``initial_replication`` option determines which snapshots zrepl
replicates if the filesystem has not been replicated before.
If ``most_recent`` (the default), the initial replication will only
transfer the most recent snapshot, while ignoring previous snapshots.
If all snapshots should be replicated, specify ``all``.
Use ``fail`` to make replication of the filesystem fail in case
there is no corresponding fileystem on the receiver.
Code-Level Changes, apart from the obvious:
- Rework IncrementalPath()'s return signature.
Now returns an error for initial replications as well.
- Rename & rework it's consumer, resolveConflict().
Co-authored-by: Graham Christensen <graham@grahamc.com>
Fixes https://github.com/zrepl/zrepl/issues/550
Fixes https://github.com/zrepl/zrepl/issues/187
Closes https://github.com/zrepl/zrepl/pull/592
fixes https://github.com/zrepl/zrepl/issues/504
Problem:
plain send + recv with root_fs encrypted + placeholders causes plain recvs
whereas user would expect encrypt-on-recv
Reason:
We create placeholder filesytems with -o encryption=off.
Thus, children received below those placeholders won't inherit
encryption of root_fs.
Fix:
We'll have three values for `recv.placeholders.encryption: unspecified (default) | off | inherit`.
When we create a placeholder, we will fail the operation if `recv.placeholders.encryption = unspecified`.
The exception is if the placeholder filesystem is to encode the client identity ($root_fs/$client_identity) in a pull job.
Those are created in `inherit` mode if the config field is `unspecified` so that users who don't need
placeholders are not bothered by these details.
Future Work:
Automatically warn existing users of encrypt-on-recv about the problem
if they are affected.
The problem that I hit during implementation of this is that the
`encryption` prop's `source` doesn't quite behave like other props:
`source` is `default` for `encryption=off` and `-` when `encryption=on`.
Hence, we can't use `source` to distinguish the following 2x2 cases:
(1) placeholder created with explicit -o encryption=off
(2) placeholder created without specifying -o encryption
with
(A) an encrypted parent at creation time
(B) an unencrypted parent at creation time
From:
github.com/golang/protobuf v1.3.2
google.golang.org/grpc v1.17.0
To:
github.com/golang/protobuf v1.4.3
google.golang.org/grpc v1.35.0
google.golang.org/protobuf v1.25.0
About the two protobuf packages:
https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/reference/go/faq
> Version v1.4.0 and higher of github.com/golang/protobuf wrap the new
implementation and permit programs to adopt the new API incrementally. For
example, the well-known types defined in github.com/golang/protobuf/ptypes are
simply aliases of those defined in the newer module. Thus,
google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb and
github.com/golang/protobuf/ptypes/empty may be used interchangeably.
Notable Code Changes in zrepl:
- generate protobufs now contain a mutex so we can't copy them by value
anymore
- grpc.WithDialer is deprecated => use grpc.WithContextDialer instead
Go1.12 is now actually required by some of the dependencies.
GO111MODULE=on golangci-lint run ./...
endpoint/endpoint.go:487:9: S1039: unnecessary use of fmt.Sprintf (gosimple)
panic(fmt.Sprintf("ClientIdentityKey context value must be set"))
^
platformtest/platformtest_ops.go:259:41: S1039: unnecessary use of fmt.Sprintf (gosimple)
return nil, &LineError{scan.Text(), fmt.Sprintf("unexpected tokens at EOL")}
^
platformtest/platformtest_ops.go:266:41: S1039: unnecessary use of fmt.Sprintf (gosimple)
return nil, &LineError{scan.Text(), fmt.Sprintf("unexpected tokens at EOL")}
^
util/optionaldeadline/optionaldeadline_test.go:97:50: SA1029: should not use built-in type string as key for value; define your own type to avoid collisions (staticcheck)
pctx := context.WithValue(context.Background(), "key", "value")
^
rpc/rpc_debug.go:8:5: var `debugEnabled` is unused (unused)
rpc/dataconn/dataconn_debug.go:8:5: var `debugEnabled` is unused (unused)
rpc/dataconn/frameconn/frameconn.go:42:9: S1039: unnecessary use of fmt.Sprintf (gosimple)
panic(fmt.Sprintf("frame header is 8 bytes long"))
^
platformtest/platformtest_ops.go:322:40: S1039: unnecessary use of fmt.Sprintf (gosimple)
return nil, &LineError{scan.Text(), fmt.Sprintf("unexpected tokens at EOL")}
This commit
- adds a configuration in which no step holds, replication cursors, etc. are created
- removes the send.step_holds.disable_incremental setting
- creates a new config option `replication` for active-side jobs
- adds the replication.protection.{initial,incremental} settings, each
of which can have values
- `guarantee_resumability`
- `guarantee_incremental`
- `guarantee_nothing`
(refer to docs/configuration/replication.rst for semantics)
The `replication` config from an active side is sent to both endpoint.Sender and endpoint.Receiver
for each replication step. Sender and Receiver then act accordingly.
For `guarantee_incremental`, we add the new `tentative-replication-cursor` abstraction.
The necessity for that abstraction is outlined in https://github.com/zrepl/zrepl/issues/340.
fixes https://github.com/zrepl/zrepl/issues/340
This "breaks" the use case of receiving an unencrypted send into an encrypted receiver by setting the receiver's `root_fs`'s `encryption=on`.
"breaks" in air-quotes because we have not yet released a version of
zrepl with encrypted send support.
We will bring back the featured outlined above in a future release.
See https://github.com/zrepl/zrepl/issues/342#issuecomment-657231818 and following.
This is a stop-gap solution until we re-write the pruner to support
rules for removing step holds.
Note that disabling step holds for incremental sends does not affect
zrepl's guarantee that incremental replication is always possible:
Suppose you yank the external drive during an incremental @from -> @to step:
* restarting that step or future incrementals @from -> @to_later` will be possible
because the replication cursor bookmark points to @from until the step is complete
* resuming @from -> @to will work as long as the pruner on your internal pool doesn't come around to destroy @to.
* in that case, the replication algorithm should determine that the resumable state
on the receiving side isuseless because @to no longer exists on the sending side,
and consequently clear it, and restart an incremental step @from -> @to_later
refs #288
- drop HintMostRecentCommonAncestor rpc call
- it is wrong to put faith into the active side of the replication to always make that call
(we might not trust it, ref pull setup)
- clean up step holds + step bookmarks + replication cursor bookmarks on
send RPC instead
- this makes it symmetric with Receive RPC
- use a cache (endpoint.sendAbstractionsCache) to avoid the cost of
listing the on-disk endpoint abstractions state on every step
The "create" methods for endpoint abstractions (CreateReplicationCursor, HoldStep) are now fully
idempotent and return an Abstraction.
Notes about endpoint.sendAbstractionsCache:
- fills lazily from disk state on first `Get` operation
- fill from disk is generally only attempted once
- unless the `ListAbstractions` fails, in which case the fill from
disk is retried on next `Get` (the current `Get` will observe a
subset of the actual on-disk abstractions)
- the `Invalidate` method is called
- it is a global (zrepl process-wide) cache
fixes#316
- discovered during investigation of #316
- this is not the fix for #316, as a malicious receiver who doesn't
implement the behavior added by this patch could still cause leakage
of step holds on the sender
refs #316
package trace:
- introduce the concept of tasks and spans, tracked as linked list within ctx
- see package-level docs for an overview of the concepts
- **main feature 1**: unique stack of task and span IDs
- makes it easy to follow a series of log entries in concurrent code
- **main feature 2**: ability to produce a chrome://tracing-compatible trace file
- either via an env variable or a `zrepl pprof` subcommand
- this is not a CPU profile, we already have go pprof for that
- but it is very useful to visually inspect where the
replication / snapshotter / pruner spends its time
( fixes#307 )
usage in package daemon/logging:
- goal: every log entry should have a trace field with the ID stack from package trace
- make `logging.GetLogger(ctx, Subsys)` the authoritative `logger.Logger` factory function
- the context carries a linked list of injected fields which
`logging.GetLogger` adds to the logger it returns
- `logging.GetLogger` also uses package `trace` to get the
task-and-span-stack and injects it into the returned logger's fields
The motivation for this recatoring are based on two independent issues:
- @JMoVS found that the changes merged as part of #259 slowed his OS X
based installation down significantly.
Analysis of the zfs command logging introduced in #296 showed that
`zfs holds` took most of the execution time, and they pointed out
that not all of those `zfs holds` invocations were actually necessary.
I.e.: zrepl was inefficient about retrieving information from ZFS.
- @InsanePrawn found that failures on initial replication would lead
to step holds accumulating on the sending side, i.e. they would never
be cleaned up in the HintMostRecentCommonAncestor RPC handler.
That was because we only sent that RPC if there was a most recent
common ancestor detected during replication planning.
@InsanePrawn prototyped an implementation of a `zrepl zfs-abstractions release`
command to mitigate the situation.
As part of that development work and back-and-forth with @problame,
it became evident that the abstractions that #259 built on top of
zfs in package endpoint (step holds, replication cursor,
last-received-hold), were not well-represented for re-use in the
`zrepl zfs-abstractions release` subocommand prototype.
This commit refactors package endpoint to address both of these issues:
- endpoint abstractions now share an interface `Abstraction` that, among
other things, provides a uniform `Destroy()` method.
However, that method should not be destroyed directly but instead
the package-level `BatchDestroy` function should be used in order
to allow for a migration to zfs channel programs in the future.
- endpoint now has a query facitilty (`ListAbstractions`) which is
used to find on-disk
- step holds and bookmarks
- replication cursors (v1, v2)
- last-received-holds
By describing the query in a struct, we can centralized the retrieval
of information via the ZFS CLI and only have to be clever once.
We are "clever" in the following ways:
- When asking for hold-based abstractions, we only run `zfs holds` on
snapshot that have `userrefs` > 0
- To support this functionality, add field `UserRefs` to zfs.FilesystemVersion
and retrieve it anywhere we retrieve zfs.FilesystemVersion from ZFS.
- When asking only for bookmark-based abstractions, we only run
`zfs list -t bookmark`, not with snapshots.
- Currently unused (except for CLI) per-filesystem concurrent lookup
- Option to only include abstractions with CreateTXG in a specified range
- refactor `endpoint`'s various ZFS info retrieval methods to use
`ListAbstractions`
- rename the `zrepl holds list` command to `zrepl zfs-abstractions list`
- make `zrepl zfs-abstractions list` consume endpoint.ListAbstractions
- Add a `ListStale` method which, given a query template,
lists stale holds and bookmarks.
- it uses replication cursor has different modes
- the new `zrepl zfs-abstractions release-{all,stale}` commands can be used
to remove abstractions of package endpoint
- Adjust HintMostRecentCommonAncestor RPC for stale-holds cleanup:
- send it also if no most recent common ancestor exists between sender and receiver
- have the sender clean up its abstractions when it receives the RPC
with no most recent common ancestor, using `ListStale`
- Due to changed semantics, bump the protocol version.
- Adjust HintMostRecentCommonAncestor RPC for performance problems
encountered by @JMoVS
- by default, per (job,fs)-combination, only consider cleaning
step holds in the createtxg range
`[last replication cursor,conservatively-estimated-receive-side-version)`
- this behavior ensures resumability at cost proportional to the
time that replication was donw
- however, as explained in a comment, we might leak holds if
the zrepl daemon stops running
- that trade-off is acceptable because in the presumably rare
this might happen the user has two tools at their hand:
- Tool 1: run `zrepl zfs-abstractions release-stale`
- Tool 2: use env var `ZREPL_ENDPOINT_SENDER_HINT_MOST_RECENT_STEP_HOLD_CLEANUP_MODE`
to adjust the lower bound of the createtxg range (search for it in the code).
The env var can also be used to disable hold-cleanup on the
send-side entirely.
supersedes closes#293
supersedes closes#282fixes#280fixes#278
Additionaly, we fixed a couple of bugs:
- zfs: fix half-nil error reporting of dataset-does-not-exist for ZFSListChan and ZFSBookmark
- endpoint: Sender's `HintMostRecentCommonAncestor` handler would not
check whether access to the specified filesystem was allowed.
- **Resumable Send & Recv Support**
No knobs required, automatically used where supported.
- **Hold-Protected Send & Recv**
Automatic ZFS holds to ensure that we can always resume a replication step.
- **Encrypted Send & Recv Support** for OpenZFS native encryption.
Configurable at the job level, i.e., for all filesystems a job is responsible for.
- **Receive-side hold on last received dataset**
The counterpart to the replication cursor bookmark on the send-side.
Ensures that incremental replication will always be possible between a sender and receiver.
Design Doc
----------
`replication/design.md` doc describes how we use ZFS holds and bookmarks to ensure that a single replication step is always resumable.
The replication algorithm described in the design doc introduces the notion of job IDs (please read the details on this design doc).
We reuse the job names for job IDs and use `JobID` type to ensure that a job name can be embedded into hold tags, bookmark names, etc.
This might BREAK CONFIG on upgrade.
Protocol Version Bump
---------------------
This commit makes backwards-incompatible changes to the replication/pdu protobufs.
Thus, bump the version number used in the protocol handshake.
Replication Cursor Format Change
--------------------------------
The new replication cursor bookmark format is: `#zrepl_CURSOR_G_${this.GUID}_J_${jobid}`
Including the GUID enables transaction-safe moving-forward of the cursor.
Including the job id enables that multiple sending jobs can send the same filesystem without interfering.
The `zrepl migrate replication-cursor:v1-v2` subcommand can be used to safely destroy old-format cursors once zrepl has created new-format cursors.
Changes in This Commit
----------------------
- package zfs
- infrastructure for holds
- infrastructure for resume token decoding
- implement a variant of OpenZFS's `entity_namecheck` and use it for validation in new code
- ZFSSendArgs to specify a ZFS send operation
- validation code protects against malicious resume tokens by checking that the token encodes the same send parameters that the send-side would use if no resume token were available (i.e. same filesystem, `fromguid`, `toguid`)
- RecvOptions support for `recv -s` flag
- convert a bunch of ZFS operations to be idempotent
- achieved through more differentiated error message scraping / additional pre-/post-checks
- package replication/pdu
- add field for encryption to send request messages
- add fields for resume handling to send & recv request messages
- receive requests now contain `FilesystemVersion To` in addition to the filesystem into which the stream should be `recv`d into
- can use `zfs recv $root_fs/$client_id/path/to/dataset@${To.Name}`, which enables additional validation after recv (i.e. whether `To.Guid` matched what we received in the stream)
- used to set `last-received-hold`
- package replication/logic
- introduce `PlannerPolicy` struct, currently only used to configure whether encrypted sends should be requested from the sender
- integrate encryption and resume token support into `Step` struct
- package endpoint
- move the concepts that endpoint builds on top of ZFS to a single file `endpoint/endpoint_zfs.go`
- step-holds + step-bookmarks
- last-received-hold
- new replication cursor + old replication cursor compat code
- adjust `endpoint/endpoint.go` handlers for
- encryption
- resumability
- new replication cursor
- last-received-hold
- client subcommand `zrepl holds list`: list all holds and hold-like bookmarks that zrepl thinks belong to it
- client subcommand `zrepl migrate replication-cursor:v1-v2`
ATM, the replication logic sends all dry-run requests in parallel,
which might overwhelm the ZFS pool on the sending side.
Since we use rpc/dataconn for dry sends, this also opens one TCP
connection per dry-run request.
Use a sempahore to limit the degree of concurrency where we know it is a
problem ATM.
As indicated by the comments, the cleaner solution would involve some
kind of 'resource exhaustion' error code.
refs #161
refs #164
We assumed that `zfs recv -F FS` would basically replace FS inplace, leaving its children untouched.
That is in fact not the case, it only works if `zfs send -R` is set, which we don't do.
Thus, implement the required functionality manually.
This solves a `zfs recv` error that would occur when a filesystem previously created as placeholder on the receiving side becomes a non-placeholder filesystem (likely due to config change on the sending side):
zfs send pool1/foo@1 | zfs recv -F pool1/bar
cannot receive new filesystem stream:
destination has snapshots (eg. pool1/bar)
must destroy them to overwrite it
