shorewall_code/Shorewall-docs2/myfiles.xml

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<article>
  <!--$Id$-->

  <articleinfo>
    <title>About My Network</title>

    <authorgroup>
      <author>
        <firstname>Tom</firstname>

        <surname>Eastep</surname>
      </author>
    </authorgroup>

    <pubdate>2005-10-04</pubdate>

    <copyright>
      <year>2001-2005</year>

      <holder>Thomas M. Eastep</holder>
    </copyright>

    <legalnotice>
      <para>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
      document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version
      1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with
      no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover, and with no Back-Cover
      Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
      <quote><ulink url="GnuCopyright.htm">GNU Free Documentation
      License</ulink></quote>.</para>
    </legalnotice>
  </articleinfo>

  <section>
    <title>My Current Network</title>

    <caution>
      <para>I use a combination of One-to-one NAT and Proxy ARP, neither of
      which are relevant to a simple configuration with a single public IP
      address. If you have just a single public IP address, most of what you
      see here won't apply to your setup so beware of copying parts of this
      configuration and expecting them to work for you. What you copy may or
      may not work in your environment.</para>
    </caution>

    <caution>
      <para>The configuration shown here corresponds to Shorewall version
      2.5.5. My configuration uses features not available in earlier Shorewall
      releases.</para>
    </caution>

    <para>I have DSL service and have 5 static IP addresses
    (206.124.146.176-180). My DSL <quote>modem</quote> (Westell 2200) is
    connected to eth2 and has IP address 192.168.1.1 (factory default). The
    modem is configured in <quote>bridge</quote> mode so PPPoE is not
    involved. I have a local network connected to eth3 (subnet
    192.168.1.0/24), a wireless network (192.168.3.0/24) connected to eth0,
    and a DMZ connected to eth1 (206.124.146.176/32). Note that I configure
    the same IP address on both <filename class="devicefile">eth1</filename>
    and <filename class="devicefile">eth2</filename>.</para>

    <para>In this configuration:</para>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>I use one-to-one NAT for Ursa (my personal system that run SuSE
        9.3) - Internal address 192.168.1.5 and external address
        206.124.146.178.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>I use one-to-one NAT for Eastepnc6000 (My work system -- Windows
        XP SP1). Internal address 192.168.1.6 and external address
        206.124.146.180.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>I use SNAT through 206.124.146.176 for&nbsp;my Wife's Windows XP
        system <quote>Tarry</quote>, and our&nbsp; dual-booting (SuSE
        9.3/Windows XP) laptop <quote>Tipper</quote> which connects through
        the Wireless Access Point (wap) via a Wireless Bridge (wet), and my
        work laptop when it is not docked in my office.<note>
            <para>While the distance between the WAP and where I usually use
            the laptop isn't very far (50 feet or so), using a WAC11 (CardBus
            wireless card) has proved very unsatisfactory (lots of lost
            connections). By replacing the WAC11 with the WET11 wireless
            bridge, I have virtually eliminated these problems (Being an old
            radio tinkerer (K7JPV), I was also able to eliminate the
            disconnects by hanging a piece of aluminum foil on the family room
            wall. Needless to say, my wife Tarry rejected that as a permanent
            solution :-).</para>
          </note></para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>Squid runs on the firewall and is configured as a transparent
        proxy.</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para>The firewall runs on a P-II/233 with Debian Sarge (testing).</para>

    <para>Ursa runs Samba for file sharing with the Windows systems and is
    configured as a Wins server.</para>

    <para>The wireless network connects to the firewall's eth0 via a LinkSys
    WAP11.&nbsp; In additional to using the rather weak WEP 40-bit encryption
    (64-bit with the 24-bit preamble), I use <ulink
    url="MAC_Validation.html">MAC verification</ulink> and <ulink
    url="IPSEC-2.6.html">Kernel 2.6 IPSEC</ulink> or <ulink
    url="OPENVPN.html">OpenVPN</ulink>.</para>

    <para>The single system in the DMZ (address 206.124.146.177) runs postfix,
    Courier IMAP (imaps and pop3), DNS, a Web server (Apache) and an FTP
    server (Pure-ftpd) under Fedora Core 3. The system also runs fetchmail to
    fetch our email from our old and current ISPs. That server is managed
    through Proxy ARP.</para>

    <para>The firewall system itself runs a DHCP server that serves the local
    and wireless networks.</para>

    <para>I have one system (Remote, 206.124.146.179) outside the firewall.
    This system, which runs Debian Sarge (testing) is used for roadwarrior VPN
    testing and for checking my firewall "from the outside".</para>

    <para>All administration and publishing is done using ssh/scp. I have a
    desktop environment installed on the firewall but I usually don't start
    it. X applications tunnel through SSH to Ursa or one of the laptops. The
    server also has a desktop environment installed but it is seldom started
    either. For the most part, X tunneled through SSH is used for server
    administration and the server runs at run level 3 (multi-user console mode
    on Fedora).</para>

    <para>I run an SNMP server on my firewall to serve <ulink
    url="http://www.ee.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/mrtg/">MRTG</ulink> running
    in the DMZ.</para>

    <para>The ethernet interface in the Server is configured with IP address
    206.124.146.177, netmask 255.255.255.0. The server's default gateway is
    206.124.146.254 (Router at my ISP. This is the same default gateway used
    by the firewall itself). On the firewall, an entry in my
    /etc/network/interfaces file (see below) adds a host route to
    206.124.146.177 through eth1 when that interface is brought up.</para>

    <para>The firewall is configured with OpenVPN for VPN access from our
    second home in <ulink url="http://www.omakchamber.com/">Omak,
    Washington</ulink> or when we are otherwise out of town. Secure remote
    access via IPSEC is also available. We typically use IPSEC for wireless
    security around the house and OpenVPN for roadwarrior access but the
    Firewall is set up to access either tunnel type from either
    location.</para>

    <para><graphic align="center" fileref="images/network.png" /></para>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Firewall Configuration</title>

    <section>
      <title>Shorewall.conf</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>STARTUP_ENABLED=Yes
LOGFILE=/var/log/messages
LOGFORMAT="Shorewall:%s:%s:"
LOGTAGONLY=No
LOGRATE=
LOGBURST=
LOGALLNEW=
BLACKLIST_LOGLEVEL=
MACLIST_LOG_LEVEL=$LOG
TCP_FLAGS_LOG_LEVEL=$LOG
RFC1918_LOG_LEVEL=$LOG
SMURF_LOG_LEVEL=$LOG
BOGON_LOG_LEVEL=$LOG
LOG_MARTIANS=No
IPTABLES=
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin
SHOREWALL_SHELL=/bin/dash
SUBSYSLOCK=
STATEDIR=/var/lib/shorewall
MODULESDIR=
CONFIG_PATH=/etc/shorewall:/usr/share/shorewall
RESTOREFILE=standard
IPSECFILE=zones
FW=fw
IP_FORWARDING=On
ADD_IP_ALIASES=Yes
ADD_SNAT_ALIASES=Yes
RETAIN_ALIASES=Yes
TC_ENABLED=Yes
CLEAR_TC=Yes
MARK_IN_FORWARD_CHAIN=No
CLAMPMSS=Yes
ROUTE_FILTER=No
DETECT_DNAT_IPADDRS=Yes
MUTEX_TIMEOUT=60
ADMINISABSENTMINDED=Yes
BLACKLISTNEWONLY=Yes
DELAYBLACKLISTLOAD=No
MODULE_SUFFIX=
DISABLE_IPV6=Yes
BRIDGING=No
PKTTYPE=No
RFC1918_STRICT=Yes
MACLIST_TTL=60
SAVE_IPSETS=Yes
MAPOLDACTIONS=No
FASTACCEPT=No
BLACKLIST_DISPOSITION=DROP
MACLIST_DISPOSITION=REJECT
TCP_FLAGS_DISPOSITION=DROP</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Params File (Edited)</title>

      <blockquote>
        <para><programlisting>NTPSERVERS=&lt;list of NTP server IP addresses&gt;
POPSERVERS=&lt;list of external POP3 servers accessed by fetchmail running on the DMZ server&gt;
LOG=info
WIFI_IF=eth0
EXT_IF=eth2
INT_IF=eth3
DMZ_IF=eth1
OMAK=&lt;ip address of the gateway at our second home&gt;</programlisting></para>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Zones File</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#ZONE   TYPE   OPTTIONS                IN                 OUT
#                                      OPTIONS            OPTIONS
net     ipv4
dmz     ipv4
loc     ipv4
vpn     ipv4
Wifi    ipv4
sec     ipsec   mode=tunnel             mss=1400
#LAST LINE - ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS ONE - DO NOT REMOVE
</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Interfaces File</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#ZONE   INTERFACE       BROADCAST               OPTIONS
net     $EXT_IF         206.124.146.255         dhcp,norfc1918,logmartians,blacklist,tcpflags,nosmurfs
loc     $INT_IF         detect                  dhcp,routeback
dmz     $DMZ_IF         -
vpn     tun+            -
Wifi    $WIFI_IF        -                       dhcp,maclist
#LAST LINE - ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS ONE - DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Hosts File</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#ZONE           HOST(S)                 OPTIONS
sec             $WIFI_IF:192.168.3.0/24
sec             $EXT_IF:0.0.0.0/0
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS ONE - DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Routestopped File</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#INTERFACE      HOST(S)         OPTIONS
$DMZ_IF         206.124.146.177 source
$INT_IF         -               source,dest
$WIFI_IF        -               source,dest
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS ONE - DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Providers File</title>

      <blockquote>
        <para>This entry isn't necessary but it allows me to smoke test
        parsing of the providers file.</para>

        <programlisting>#NAME   NUMBER  MARK    DUPLICATE       INTERFACE       GATEWAY         OPTIONS                 COPY
Blarg   1       1       main            $EXT_IF         206.124.146.254 track,balance=1         $INT_IF,$DMZ_IF,$WIFI_IF,tun0
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS LINE -- DO NOT REMOVE
</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Blacklist File</title>

      <blockquote>
        <para>I use <ulink url="ipsets.html">ipsets</ulink> to represent my
        blacklist.</para>

        <programlisting>#ADDRESS/SUBNET         PROTOCOL        PORT
+Blacklistports[dst]
+Blacklistnets[src,dst]
+Blacklist[src,dst]
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS ONE - DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>RFC1918 File</title>

      <blockquote>
        <para>Because my DSL modem has an RFC 1918 address (192.168.1.1) and
        is connected to eth0, I need to make an exception for that address in
        my rfc1918 file. I copied /usr/share/shorewall/rfc1918 to
        /etc/shorewall/rfc1918 and changed it as follows:</para>

        <programlisting>#SUBNET           TARGET
<emphasis role="bold">192.168.1.1       RETURN</emphasis>
172.16.0.0/12     logdrop        # RFC 1918
192.168.0.0/16    logdrop        # RFC 1918
10.0.0.0/8        logdrop        # RFC 1918
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE
</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Policy File</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#SOURCE         DESTINATION     POLICY          LOG LEVEL       BURST:LIMIT
$FW             $FW             ACCEPT
loc             net             ACCEPT
$FW             vpn             ACCEPT
vpn             net             ACCEPT
vpn             loc             ACCEPT
sec             vpn             ACCEPT
vpn             sec             ACCEPT
sec             loc             ACCEPT
loc             sec             ACCEPT
fw              sec             ACCEPT
sec             net             ACCEPT
Wifi            sec             NONE
sec             Wifi            NONE
fw              Wifi            ACCEPT
loc             vpn             ACCEPT
$FW             loc             ACCEPT          #Firewall to Local
loc             $FW             REJECT          $LOG
net             all             DROP            $LOG            10/sec:40
all             all             REJECT          $LOG
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS ONE - DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Masq File</title>

      <blockquote>
        <para>Although most of our internal systems use one-to-one NAT, my
        wife's system (192.168.1.4) uses IP Masquerading (actually SNAT) as do
        our wireless network systems and visitors with laptops.</para>

        <para>The first entry allows access to the DSL modem and uses features
        introduced in Shorewall 2.1.1. The leading plus sign ("+_") causes the
        rule to be placed before rules generated by the /etc/shorewall/nat
        file below. The double colons ("::") cause the entry to be exempt from
        ADD_SNAT_ALIASES=Yes in my shorewall.conf file above.</para>

        <note>
          <para>My use of ADD_SNAT_ALIASES=Yes is an anachronism. I previously
          used 206.124.146.179 as the SNAT address before I configured a
          system outside the firewall with that IP address.
          ADD_SNAT_ALIASES=Yes was used to add 206.124.146.179 as an IP
          address on the external interface.</para>
        </note>

        <programlisting>#INTERFACE              SUBNET          ADDRESS         PROTO   PORT
+$EXT_IF::192.168.1.1   0.0.0.0/0       192.168.1.254
$EXT_IF::               192.168.0.0/22  206.124.146.176
$DMZ_IF::               206.124.146.176 192.168.1.254   tcp     80
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS LINE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>NAT File</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#EXTERNAL               INTERFACE       INTERNAL        ALL INTERFACES  LOCAL
206.124.146.178         $EXT_IF:0       192.168.1.5     No              No
206.124.146.180         $EXT_IF:1       192.168.1.6     No              No
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS LINE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section id="ProxyARP">
      <title>Proxy ARP File</title>

      <blockquote>
        <para>I configure the host route to 206.124.146.177 on <filename
        class="devicefile">eth1</filename> in <link
        linkend="debian_interfaces">/etc/network/interfaces</link>.</para>

        <programlisting>#ADDRESS                INTERFACE       EXTERNAL        HAVEROUTE          PERSISTENT
206.124.146.177         $DMZ_IF         $EXT_IF         yes
192.168.1.1             $EXT_IF         $INT_IF         yes # Allow access to DSL modem from the local zone
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Tunnels</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#TYPE                   ZONE    GATEWAY         GATEWAY ZONE    PORT
openvpn:1194            net     0.0.0.0/0
ipsec                   net     0.0.0.0/0       sec
openvpn:1194            Wifi    192.168.3.0/24
ipsec                   Wifi    192.168.3.0/24  sec
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section id="Actions">
      <title>Actions File</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#ACTION
Mirrors             #Accept traffic from the Shorewall Mirror sites
SSHKnock            #Port Knocking
#LAST LINE - ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS ONE - DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>action.Mirrors File</title>

      <blockquote>
        <para>The <emphasis>Mirrors</emphasis> and
        <emphasis>Mirrornets</emphasis> <ulink
        url="ipsets.html">ipsets</ulink> define the set of Shorewall
        mirrors.</para>

        <programlisting>#TARGET  SOURCE         DEST            PROTO   DEST    SOURCE     ORIGINAL     RATE
#                                               PORT    PORT(S)    DEST         LIMIT
ACCEPT   +Mirrors
ACCEPT   +Mirrornets                    
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>Rules File (The shell variables are set in
      /etc/shorewall/params)</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>###############################################################################################################################################################################
#ACTION         SOURCE                          DEST                    PROTO   DEST                                    SOURCE          ORIGINAL        RATE    USER/
#                                                                               PORT                                    PORT(S)         DEST            LIMIT   GROUP
###############################################################################################################################################################################
SECTION NEW
REJECT:$LOG     loc                             net                     tcp     25
REJECT:$LOG     loc                             net                     udp     1025:1031
#
# Stop NETBIOS crap
#
REJECT          loc                             net                     tcp     137,445
REJECT          loc                             net                     udp     137:139
REJECT          sec                             net                     tcp     137,445
REJECT          sec                             net                     udp     137:139
#
# Stop my idiotic work laptop from sending to the net with an HP source/dest IP address
#
DROP            loc:!192.168.0.0/22             net
DROP            Wifi                            net:15.0.0.0/8
DROP            Wifi                            net:16.0.0.0/8
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# Local Network to Firewall
#
DROP            loc:!192.168.0.0/22             fw                      # Silently drop traffic with an HP source IP from my XP box
ACCEPT          loc                             fw                      tcp     ssh,time,631,8080
ACCEPT          loc                             fw                      udp     161,ntp,631
DROP            loc                             fw                      tcp     3185          #SuSE Meta pppd
Ping/ACCEPT     loc                             fw
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# Secure wireless to Firewall
#
ACCEPT          sec                             fw                      tcp     ssh,time,631,8080
ACCEPT          sec                             fw                      udp     161,ntp,631
DROP            sec                             fw                      tcp     3185          #SuSE Meta pppd
Ping/ACCEPT     sec                             fw
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# Roadwarriors to Firewall
#
ACCEPT          vpn                             fw                      tcp     ssh,time,631,8080
ACCEPT          vpn                             fw                      udp     161,ntp,631
Ping/ACCEPT     vpn                             fw
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# Local Network to DMZ
#
DNAT-           loc                             dmz:206.124.146.177:3128 \
                                                                        tcp     www                                     -               !206.124.146.177,192.168.1.1
DROP            loc:!192.168.0.0/22             dmz
ACCEPT          loc                             dmz                     udp     domain,xdmcp
ACCEPT          loc                             dmz                     tcp     www,smtp,smtps,domain,ssh,imap,https,imaps,ftp,10023,pop3,3128                  -
Ping/ACCEPT     loc                             dmz
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# Insecure Wireless to DMZ
#

ACCEPT          Wifi                            dmz                     udp     domain
ACCEPT          Wifi                            dmz                     tcp     domain
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# Insecure Wireless to Internet
#
ACCEPT          Wifi                            net                     udp     500
ACCEPT          Wifi                            net                     udp     4500
Ping/ACCEPT     Wifi                            net
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# Secure Wireless to DMZ
#
DROP            sec:!192.168.0.0/22             dmz
DNAT            sec                             dmz:206.124.146.177:3128 \
                                                                        tcp     www                                     -               !206.124.146.177,192.168.1.1
ACCEPT          sec                             dmz                     udp     domain,xdmcp
ACCEPT          sec                             dmz                     tcp     www,smtp,smtps,domain,ssh,imap,https,imaps,ftp,10023,pop3               -
Ping/ACCEPT     sec                             dmz
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# Road Warriors to DMZ
#
ACCEPT          vpn                             dmz                     udp     domain
ACCEPT          vpn                             dmz                     tcp     www,smtp,smtps,domain,ssh,imap,https,imaps,ftp,10023,pop3       -
Ping/ACCEPT     vpn                             dmz
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# Internet to ALL -- drop NewNotSyn packets
#
dropNotSyn      net             fw              tcp
dropNotSyn      net             loc             tcp
dropNotSyn      net             dmz             tcp
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# Internet to DMZ
#
ACCEPT          net                             dmz                     udp     domain
ACCEPT          net                             dmz                     tcp     smtps,www,ftp,imaps,domain,https        -
ACCEPT          net                             dmz                     tcp     smtp                                    -               206.124.146.177,206.124.146.178
ACCEPT          net                             dmz                     udp     33434:33454
Mirrors         net                             dmz                     tcp     rsync
ACCEPT          net                             dmz                     tcp     22
Ping/ACCEPT     net                             dmz
###############################################################################################################################################################################
#
# Net to Local
#
# When I'm "on the road", the following two rules allow me VPN access back home using PPTP.
#
DNAT            net                             loc:192.168.1.4         tcp     1729
DNAT            net                             loc:192.168.1.4         gre
ACCEPT          net:$OMAK                       loc:192.168.1.5         tcp     22
#
# Auth for IRC
#
ACCEPT          net                             loc:192.168.1.5         tcp     113
#
# Real Audio
#
ACCEPT          net                             loc:192.168.1.5         udp     6970:7170
#
# Overnet
#
#ACCEPT         net                             loc:192.168.1.5         tcp     4662
#ACCEPT         net                             loc:192.168.1.5         udp     12112
#
# OpenVPN
#
ACCEPT          net                             loc:192.168.1.5         udp     1194
#
# Silently Handle common probes
#
REJECT          net                             loc                     tcp     www,ftp,https
DROP            net                             loc                     icmp    8
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# DMZ to Internet
#
ACCEPT          dmz                             net                     udp     domain,ntp
ACCEPT          dmz                             net                     tcp     smtp,domain,www,81,https,whois,echo,2702,21,2703,ssh,8080,cvspserver
REJECT:$LOG     dmz                             net                     udp     1025:1031
ACCEPT          dmz                             net:$POPSERVERS         tcp     pop3
#
#
# OpenVPN
#
ACCEPT          net                             loc:192.168.1.5         udp     1194
#
# Silently Handle common probes
#
REJECT          net                             loc                     tcp     www,ftp,https
DROP            net                             loc                     icmp    8
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# DMZ to Firewall -- ntp &amp; snmp, Silently reject Auth
#
ACCEPT          dmz                             fw                      udp     ntp                                     ntp
ACCEPT          dmz                             fw                      tcp     161,ssh
ACCEPT          dmz                             fw                      udp     161
REJECT          dmz                             fw                      tcp     auth
Ping/ACCEPT     dmz                             fw
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# DMZ to Local Network
#
ACCEPT          dmz                             loc                     tcp     smtp,6001:6010
ACCEPT          dmz:206.124.146.177             loc:192.168.1.5,192.168.1.3 \
                                                                        tcp     111
ACCEPT          dmz:206.124.146.177             loc:192.168.1.5,192.168.1.3 \
                                                                        udp
Ping/ACCEPT     dmz                             loc
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# Internet to Firewall
#
REJECT          net                             fw                      tcp     www,ftp,https
DROP            net                             fw                      icmp    8
ACCEPT          net                             fw                      udp     33434:33454
ACCEPT          net:$OMAK                       fw                      udp     ntp
ACCEPT          net                             fw                      tcp     auth
SSHKnock:info   net                             fw                      tcp     22,4320,4321,4322
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# Firewall to Internet
#
ACCEPT          fw                              net:$NTPSERVERS         udp     ntp                                     ntp
#ACCEPT         fw                              net:$POPSERVERS         tcp     pop3
ACCEPT          fw                              net                     udp     domain
ACCEPT          fw                              net                     tcp     domain,www,https,ssh,1723,whois,1863,ftp,2702,2703,7
ACCEPT          fw                              net                     udp     33435:33535
ACCEPT          fw                              net                     icmp
REJECT:$LOG     fw                              net                     udp     1025:1031
DROP            fw                              net                     udp     ntp
Ping/ACCEPT     fw                              net
###############################################################################################################################################################################
# Firewall to DMZ
#
ACCEPT          fw                              dmz                     tcp     www,ftp,ssh,smtp,993,465
ACCEPT          fw                              dmz                     udp     domain
REJECT          fw                              dmz                     udp     137:139
Ping/ACCEPT     fw                              dmz
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE

#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>/etc/shorewall/tcdevices</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#INTERFACE      IN-BANDWITH     OUT-BANDWIDTH
$EXT_IF         1.5mbit         384kbit
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>/etc/shorewall/tcclasses</title>

      <blockquote>
        <para>My traffic shaping configuration is the "WonderShaper" <ulink
        url="http://www1.shorewall.net/pub/shorewall/Samples/tc4shorewall">example
        from tc4shorewall</ulink>.</para>

        <programlisting>#INTERFACE      MARK    RATE            CEIL            PRIORITY        OPTIONS
$EXT_IF         10      full            ful             1               tcp-ack,tos-minimize-delay
$EXT_IF         20      9*full/10       9*full/10       2               default
$EXT_IF         30      6*full/10       6*full/10       3
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>/etc/shorewall/tcrules</title>

      <blockquote>
        <para>I give full bandwidth to my local systems -- the server gets
        throttled and rsync gets throttled even more.</para>

        <note>
          <para>The class id for tc4shorewall-generated classes is 1:&lt;100 +
          mark value&gt;. The rules below are using the Netfilter CLASSIFY
          target to classify the traffic directly without having to first mark
          then classify based on the marks.</para>
        </note>

        <programlisting>#MARK           SOURCE                  DEST            PROTO   PORT(S) CLIENT  USER    TEST
#                                                                       PORT(S)
1:110           192.168.0.0/22          $EXT_IF
1:130           206.124.146.177         $EXT_IF         tcp     -       873
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section id="debian_interfaces">
      <title>/etc/network/interfaces</title>

      <para>This file is Debian-specific and defines the configuration of the
      network interfaces.</para>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting># The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# DMZ interface -- After the interface is up, add a route to the server. This allows the 'Yes' setting
#                  in the HAVEROUTE column of /etc/shorewall/proxyarp above.

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
        address 206.124.146.176
        netmask 255.255.255.255
        broadcast 0.0.0.0
        up ip route add 206.124.146.177 dev eth1

# Internet interface -- After the interface is up, add a route to the Westell 2200 DSL "Modem"

auto eth2
iface eth2 inet static
        address 206.124.146.176
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        gateway 206.124.146.254
        up ip route add 192.168.1.1 dev eth2

# Wireless interface

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
        address 192.168.3.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0

# LAN interface

auto eth3
iface eth3 inet static
        address 192.168.1.254
        netmask 255.255.255.0</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>/etc/racoon/racoon.conf</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>listen
{
        isakmp 206.124.146.176 ;
        isakmp 192.168.3.254 ;
        isakmp_natt 206.124.146.176 [4500] ;
        adminsock "/usr/local/var/racoon/racoon.sock" "root" "operator" 0660 ;
}
#
# Tipper at Home
#
remote 192.168.3.8
{
        exchange_mode main ;
        dpd_delay 20 ;
        certificate_type x509 "gateway.pem" "gateway_key.pem" ;
        verify_cert on ;
        my_identifier asn1dn ;
        peers_identifier asn1dn ;
        verify_identifier on ;
        lifetime time 30 minutes ;
        proposal {
                encryption_algorithm blowfish ;
                hash_algorithm sha1 ;
                authentication_method rsasig ;
                dh_group 2 ;
        }
}

sainfo address 0.0.0.0/0 any address 192.168.3.8 any
{
        pfs_group 2 ;
        lifetime time 30 minutes ;
        encryption_algorithm blowfish ;
        authentication_algorithm hmac_sha1, hmac_md5 ;
        compression_algorithm deflate ;
}
#
# Work Laptop at Home -- it doesn't like getting proposals from us
#                        so we let it initiate the tunnel.
#
#                        Windows XP doesn't support blowfish or rijndal
#                        so we're stuck with 3des :-(
#
remote 192.168.3.6 inherit 192.168.3.8
{
        proposal_check obey ;
        passive on ;
        generate_policy on ;
        proposal {
                encryption_algorithm 3des ;
                hash_algorithm sha1 ;
                authentication_method rsasig ;
                dh_group 2 ;
        }
}

sainfo address 0.0.0.0/0 any address 192.168.3.6 any
{
        pfs_group 2 ;
        lifetime time 1 hour ;
        encryption_algorithm 3des ;
        authentication_algorithm hmac_sha1, hmac_md5 ;
        compression_algorithm deflate ;
}
#
# Both systems on the road -- We use 3des for phase I to accomodate XP.
#                             Since we don't know the IP address of the
#                             remote host ahead of time, we must use
#                             "anonymous".
#
remote anonymous inherit 192.168.3.6
{
        nat_traversal on ;
        ike_frag on;
}

sainfo anonymous
{
        pfs_group 2;
        lifetime time 12 hour ;
        encryption_algorithm blowfish, 3des;
        authentication_algorithm hmac_sha1, hmac_md5 ;
        compression_algorithm deflate ;
}</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>/etc/racoon/setkey.conf</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting># First of all flush the SAD and SPD databases

flush;
spdflush;

# We only define policies for 'tipper'. The XP box seems to work better when it initiates the
# negotiation so we essentially run it like a roadwarrior even around the house.

spdadd 0.0.0.0/0          192.168.3.8/32     any -P out ipsec esp/tunnel/192.168.3.254-192.168.3.8/require;
spdadd 192.168.3.8/32     0.0.0.0/0          any -P in  ipsec esp/tunnel/192.168.3.8-192.168.3.254/require;</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Tipper Configuration while at Home</title>

    <para>This laptop is either configured on our wireless network
    (192.168.3.8) or as a standalone system on the road. While this system is
    connected via our wireless network, it uses IPSEC tunnel mode for all
    access.</para>

    <note>
      <para>Given that I use OpenVPN for remote access, it would be more
      convenient to also use it for wireless access at home. I use IPSEC just
      so that I always have a working IPSEC testbed.</para>
    </note>

    <para>Tipper's view of the world is shown in the following diagram:</para>

    <graphic align="center" fileref="images/network2.png" valign="middle" />

    <para>The key configuration files are shown in the following
    sections.</para>

    <section>
      <title>zones</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#ZONE   DISPLAY         COMMENTS
home    Home            Shorewall Network
net     Net             Internet
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS LINE -- DO NOT REMOVE
</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>policy</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#SOURCE         DEST            POLICY          LOG LEVEL       LIMIT:BURST
$FW             net             ACCEPT
$FW             home            ACCEPT
home            $FW             ACCEPT
net             home            NONE
home            net             NONE
net             all             DROP            info
# The FOLLOWING POLICY MUST BE LAST
all             all             REJECT          info
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS LINE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>interfaces</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#ZONE   INTERFACE       BROADCAST       OPTIONS
net     eth0            detect          dhcp,tcpflags
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>ipsec</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#ZONE   IPSEC   OPTIONS                 IN                      OUT
#       ONLY                            OPTIONS                 OPTIONS
home    yes     mode=tunnel
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>hosts</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#ZONE           HOST(S)                         OPTIONS
home            eth0:0.0.0.0/0
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS LINE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>rules</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#ACTION         SOURCE                  DEST    PROTO   DEST    SOURCE  ORIGINAL        RATE    USER/
#                                                       PORT    PORT(S) DEST            LIMIT   GROUP
ACCEPT          net                     $FW     icmp    8
ACCEPT          net                     $FW     tcp     22
ACCEPT          net                     $FW     tcp     4000:4100
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>/etc/racoon/setkey.conf</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>flush;
spdflush;

# Policies for while we're connected via Wireless at home

spdadd 192.168.3.8/32     192.168.3.8/32     any -P in  none;
spdadd 192.168.3.8/32     192.168.3.8/32     any -P out none;
spdadd 127.0.0.0/8        127.0.0.0/8        any -P in  none;
spdadd 127.0.0.0/8        127.0.0.0/8        any -P out none;
spdadd 0.0.0.0/0          192.168.3.8/32     any -P in  ipsec esp/tunnel/192.168.3.254-192.168.3.8/require;
spdadd 192.168.3.8/32     0.0.0.0/0          any -P out ipsec esp/tunnel/192.168.3.8-192.168.3.254/require;
</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>/etc/racoon/racoon.conf</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>path certificate "/etc/certs";

listen
{
        isakmp 192.168.3.8;
}

remote 192.168.3.254
{
        exchange_mode main ;
        certificate_type x509 "tipper.pem" "tipper_key.pem";
        verify_cert on;
        my_identifier asn1dn ;
        peers_identifier asn1dn ;
        verify_identifier on ;
        lifetime time 30 minutes ;
        proposal {
                encryption_algorithm blowfish ;
                hash_algorithm sha1;
                authentication_method rsasig ;
                dh_group 2 ;
        }
}

sainfo address 192.168.3.8/32 any address 0.0.0.0/0 any
{
        pfs_group 2;
        lifetime time 30 minutes ;
        encryption_algorithm blowfish ;
        authentication_algorithm hmac_sha1, hmac_md5 ;
        compression_algorithm deflate ;
}</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Tipper Configuration on the Road</title>

    <para>When Tipper is on the road, it's world view is the same as in the
    diagram above.</para>

    <section>
      <title>zones</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#ZONE   DISPLAY         COMMENTS
home    Home            Shorewall Network
net     Net             Internet
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS LINE -- DO NOT REMOVE
</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>policy</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#SOURCE         DEST            POLICY          LOG LEVEL       LIMIT:BURST
$FW             net             ACCEPT
$FW             home            ACCEPT
home            $FW             ACCEPT
net             home            NONE
home            net             NONE
net             all             DROP            info
# The FOLLOWING POLICY MUST BE LAST
all             all             REJECT          info
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS LINE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>interfaces</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#ZONE   INTERFACE       BROADCAST       OPTIONS
net     eth0            detect          dhcp,tcpflags
home    tun0            -
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>rules</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#ACTION         SOURCE                  DEST    PROTO   DEST    SOURCE  ORIGINAL        RATE    USER/
#                                                       PORT    PORT(S) DEST            LIMIT   GROUP
ACCEPT          net                     $FW     icmp    8
ACCEPT          net                     $FW     tcp     22
ACCEPT          net                     $FW     tcp     4000:4100
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>/etc/openvpn/home.conf</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>dev tun
remote gateway.shorewall.net
up /etc/openvpn/home.up
 
tls-client
pull
 
ca /etc/certs/cacert.pem
 
cert /etc/certs/tipper.pem
key /etc/certs/tipper_key.pem
 
port 1194
 
user nobody
group nogroup
 
comp-lzo
 
ping 15
ping-restart 45
ping-timer-rem
persist-tun
persist-key
 
verb 3</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>

    <section>
      <title>/etc/openvpn/home.up</title>

      <blockquote>
        <programlisting>#!/bin/bash
 
ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 via $5     #Access to Home Network
ip route add 206.124.146.177/32 via $5 #So that DNS names will resolve in my
                                       #Internal Bind 9 view because the source IP will
                                       #be in 192.168.2.0/24</programlisting>
      </blockquote>
    </section>
  </section>
</article>